The AgeCap Conceptual Framework for Research on Capability in Ageing

The overall goal of AgeCap is to contribute to increased wellbeing and participation in life for the older population. While there are several ways to meet this challenge, AgeCap has chosen the capability approach, which focuses on a subjective perceived health- and ability-related perspective, rather than on disease or disabilities. The understanding of capability used within the centre is based on the work of the philosopher and economist Amartya Sen, described as the individual’s ability to perform actions in order to reach goals he or she has reason to value (Sen A. The idea of justice. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 2009). The capability approach focuses on what people are able to do and to be – their capabilities – and on their freedom of choice to perform those actions. AgeCap’s multidisciplinary setting was an opportunity to adopt the capability approach within its research. Nevertheless, it also created challenges in establishing a common view of what capability is, and how to apply the concept in collaborations across several different research fields. Thus, at an early stage during the setting up of the Centre, it was decided that a conceptual framework aiming to capture a shared view of capability in ageing should be developed. In addition, in order to facilitate the application of the capability approach within the research setting and make it more accessible to different target groups within society, it was later proposed that a graphic illustration of the AgeCap framework of capability should be created. This chapter describes the conceptual framework and graphic illustration that were developed by the Communication Group in collaboration with the Steering Committee, Principal Investigators, other researchers within AgeCap and the company Explain Artist. Central concepts include available resources, conversion factors, capability set, freedom of choice, goals of value and justice. The purpose of the conceptual framework is mainly to serve as a platform for researchers to use in any way they find relevant from their own perspective. Furthermore, the graphic illustration was developed in order to facilitate the application of the capability approach within AgeCap and make our research more accessible to society in order to dismantle the wall between researchers, older people and the general public.

Electronic dictionaries in educational process in higher education

The paper considers an application of electronic dictionaries in the educational process as a promising method adapting modern education to the increasing information flow. The possibilities of using electronic dictionaries prove them to be a source of high-quality reference material and useful and necessary modern tool in foreign language learning. The paper points out the functionality of electronic dictionaries, their advantages and disadvantages. The opportunities of electronic dictionaries are wide enough: speed, convenience in finding information, large volume, sound and graphic illustration of the word, spell checker, interactivity, text conciseness, etc. Electronic dictionaries are based on modern lexical material, reflecting the language and speech tendencies, making the translation process fast and interactive, thus becoming a universal tool in the educational process of higher education. The authors point out that students have the opportunity to use the digital resource during lectures, practical studies and independent work.

Calculation of the tense-deformed state of two ortogonal attended plates at the regional terms of symmetry through the matrices of Grina type

Purpose. Calculate the tense-deformed state of two ortogonal attended plates through special the built matrices of Grina type. Research methods. Bases of theory of laminas, apparatus of trigonometric rows of Fourier, methods: border-component tasks, variation of arbitrary permanent, matrices of Grina type. Results. A task of elastic elastic equilibrium of plate pairs connected at right angle was considered. On parallel edges of component body to connection rib special edge conditions – conditions of symmetry – were chosen. From the physical point of view the probed body can be the model of lateral walls of parallelepiped. It is provided the special terms of symmetry on both edges of component body, which are parallel to the rib of connection of plates. The method of calculation allows to calculate the tense-deformed state of spatial construction consisting of two plates in edge conditions of arbitrary surface loading. The results of calculation (as lines of level) of basic characteristics of static deformation of considered rectangular connection of two plates are given. Scientific novelty. The method of calculation of pair of plates, united at right angles was improved at the regional terms of symmetry, with subsequent graphic illustration of achived results. Practical value. The task probed in-process designs the phenomena which take place, at deformation of elements of vulcanization equipment. Achived results allow to find pequliarities of elements work of construction of complext structure and to promote its efficiency by optimization of component parameters parts.

Regional rural and structural transformations and farmer's income in the past four decades in China

PurposeThe purposes of this paper are to analyze the path and speed of rural transformation (RT) and explore the relationship between farmer's income and RT as well as structural transformation (ST) and typology of RT in the past four decades in China.Design/methodology/approachBased on the major indicators of RT and ST, graphic illustration is used to analyze the relationships between these indicators and farmer's income using the time-series and cross-provincial data in 1978–2017.FindingsWhile China has experienced significant RT and ST, the levels and speeds of these transformations differed largely among provinces. Higher and faster RT and ST are often positively associated with the higher and faster growth of rural income. Based on this study, a general typology of rural and structural transformations and rural income is developed. The likely impacts of institutions, policies and investments (IPIs) on RT are discussed.Originality/valueThe authors believe that the findings of this study provide the insights on regional RT and ST and policy implications to increase farmer's income through facilitating and speeding up RT and ST with appropriate IPIs during the rural transformation.

TO THE PROBLEM OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS REFLECTION IN DICTIONARIES OF DIFFERENT TYPES

Постановка задачи. Статья посвящена детальному анализу фразеологизмов английского языка различных тематических групп и особенностям их регистрации в англо-английских и англо-русском словарях и справочных пособиях. Рассматривается ряд характеристик, которые отличают фразеологические единицы от свободных словосочетаний. Кроме того, исследуется вопрос включения пословиц в состав фразеологического фонда того или иного языка. Впоследствии отобранные методом сплошной выборки фразеологические единицы классифицируются по различным основаниям, а также проводится детальный анализ особенностей их отражения в представленных изданиях. Результаты. Осуществляется классификация фразеологизмов по следующим категориям: функция в коммуникации, определяемая их структурно-семантическими особенностями, а также тематическое деление. Отдельно рассматриваются фразеологизмы-эвфемизмы, относящиеся к нескольким тематическим группам, среди которых смерть, ругательства и беременность. Выделяются и описываются характерные особенности организации микроструктуры (словарной статьи) каждого отдельно взятого издания. Выводы. На основании проведенного анализа регистрации английских фразеологизмов сделаны выводы о том, что данная лексика получает подробное и точное отражение в справочниках. Проведенный анализ теоретической литературы показал правомерность включения пословиц во фразеологический фонд, поскольку они принадлежат к культурному наследию того или иного народа и воспроизводятся в речи в исходной форме. Тип и адресат справочника определяют особенности организации словарной статьи, а также компоненты, которые входят в нее (дефиниция, переводной эквивалент, иллюстративный пример, грамматическая, стилистическая, региональная и этимологическая пометы, графическая иллюстрация). Statement of the problem. The article is devoted to a detailed analysis of the phraseological units of the English language of various thematic groups and the features of their registration in the English-English and English-Russian dictionaries and reference books. Features that distinguish phraseological units from free phrases are studied. More than that, the question of belonging proverbs to phraseological stock is studied. Then phraseological units selected by the continuous sampling method are classified according to different grounds, and a detailed analysis of the features of their reflection in the analyzed sources is carried out. Results. Phraseological units are classified into some categories according to the following criteria: function in communication, determined by their structural and semantic features and thematic division. Phraseological units-euphemisms related to several thematic groups, including death, curse words and pregnancy are studied. The characteristic features of microstructure organization of each individual source are described. Conclusion. The analysis of English phraseological units registration showed that this lexis is reflected in dictionaries in a proper way. Theoretical literature analysis shows justification of proverbs inclusion into phraseological stock as they are a part of national cultural heritage and are reproduced in speech in the basic form. Further, the author comes to a conclusion that dictionary type and addressee of the reference book determine features of microstructure organization and their components (definition, translation equivalent, illustrative example, grammar, stylistic, regional and etymological labels, graphic illustration).

tRFtarget: a database for transfer RNA-derived fragment targets

Transfer RNA-derived fragments (tRFs) are a new class of small non-coding RNAs and play important roles in biological and physiological processes. Prediction of tRF target genes and binding sites is crucial in understanding the biological functions of tRFs in the molecular mechanisms of human diseases. We developed a publicly accessible web-based database, tRFtarget (http://trftarget.net), for tRF target prediction. It contains the computationally predicted interactions between tRFs and mRNA transcripts using the two state-of-the-art prediction tools RNAhybrid and IntaRNA, including location of the binding sites on the target, the binding region, and free energy of the binding stability with graphic illustration. tRFtarget covers 936 tRFs and 135 thousand predicted targets in eight species. It allows researchers to search either target genes by tRF IDs or tRFs by gene symbols/transcript names. We also integrated the manually curated experimental evidence of the predicted interactions into the database. Furthermore, we provided a convenient link to the DAVID® web server to perform downstream functional pathway analysis and gene ontology annotation on the predicted target genes. This database provides useful information for the scientific community to experimentally validate tRF target genes and facilitate the investigation of the molecular functions and mechanisms of tRFs.

Solitons and complexitons to the (2 + 1)-dimensional Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chain model

This paper investigates the ([Formula: see text])-dimensional Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chain (HMF) model. The model describes the nonlinear spin dynamics of HMF. By adopting the modified [Formula: see text]-Expansion and projective Riccati equation methods, we report the dark, combined dark-bright and envelope optical solitons, complexitons singular solutions of the equation along with the conditions that must be satisfied for solitons to exist. The physical structure of the obtained solutions are shown by graphic illustration in order to give a better understanding on the dynamics of optical solitons.