Molecular transduction in receptor-ligand systems by planar electromagnetic fields

The coupling of a ligand with a molecular receptor induces a signal that travels through the receptor, reaching the internal domain and triggering a response cascade. In previous work on T-cell receptors and their coupling with foreign antigens, we observed the presence of planar molecular patterns able to generate electromagnetic fields within the proteins. These planes showed a coherent (synchronized) behavior, replicating immediately in the intracellular domain that which occurred in the extracellular domain as the ligand was coupled. In the present study, we examined this molecular transduction - the capacity of the coupling signal to penetrate deep inside the receptor molecule and induce a response. We verified the presence of synchronized behavior in diverse receptor-ligand systems. To appreciate this diversity, we present four biochemically different systems - TCR-peptide, calcium pump-ADP, haemoglobin-oxygen, and gp120-CD4 viral coupling. The confirmation of synchronized molecular transduction in each of these systems suggests that the proposed mechanism would occur in all biochemical receptor-ligand systems.

Novel Approach to Measure Internal Power Domain PG Route Weakness

Grid weakness measurement is an extremely important process in the modern-day VLSI design flow. In designs that contain power gating switches, there are additional challenges. It is desirable to find the PG grid weakness of only the gated domain. The tools used in the industry typically measure the total voltage drops from the bump location to the transistor pin. This voltage drop is the summation of the voltage drops in the external domain, switch pin network, and internal domain. This paper explores the ways to measure the internal pin domain voltage exclusively. Ansys Totem tool is used for simulation. Finally, the simulation results are presented to propose the effectiveness and accuracy of the given solution.

Electrical Property Analysis of Textured Ferroelectric Polycrystalline Antimony Sulfoiodide Using Complex Impedance Spectroscopy

Antimony sulfoiodide (SbSI) is a ferroelectric semiconductor with many interesting physical properties (optical, photoconductive, ferroelectric, piezoelectric, etc.). The electrical properties of textured polycrystalline SbSI obtained by the rapid cooling of a melted mass in liquid nitrogen are presented in this work using ac impedance spectroscopy over a wide temperature range (275–500 K) in the frequency range of 1 Hz to 100 kHz. Detailed studies of the impedance Z*(ω), conductivity σ*(ω), electric modulus M*(ω), and dielectric permittivity ε*(ω) of this material were performed using complex impedance spectroscopy for the first time. This study showed that the impedance and related parameters are strongly dependent on temperature. The internal domain structure and the presence of grain boundaries in textured polycrystalline SbSI explain the obtained results.

Boundary Element Modeling and Simulation Algorithm for Fractional Bio-Thermomechanical Problems of Anisotropic Soft Tissues

The main purpose of this chapter is to propose a novel boundary element modeling and simulation algorithm for solving fractional bio-thermomechanical problems in anisotropic soft tissues. The governing equations are studied on the basis of the thermal wave model of bio-heat transfer (TWMBT) and Biot’s theory. These governing equations are solved using the boundary element method (BEM), which is a flexible and effective approach since it deals with more complex shapes of soft tissues and does not need the internal domain to be discretized, also, it has low RAM and CPU usage. The transpose-free quasi-minimal residual (TFQMR) solver are implemented with a dual-threshold incomplete LU factorization technique (ILUT) preconditioner to solve the linear systems arising from BEM. Numerical findings are depicted graphically to illustrate the influence of fractional order parameter on the problem variables and confirm the validity, efficiency and accuracy of the proposed BEM technique.

Structural coupling and the puzzle of surfaces: ontology of boundaries from the minimally cognitive perspective

Boundaries are prominent ingredients of reality, including—most importantly—the boundaries of organisms and the perceived boundaries of things (their surfaces). It is also customary to think of minds as kinds of bounded loci for thoughts, representations, and other internal entities, targeting the borderline between the internal domain and the external world as a genuine barrier. Therefore, not surprisingly, boundaries and surfaces have become targets of disciplined formal-ontological investigations. However, to have a boundary (or surface) is not only a purely geometrical or topological feature, for boundaries play certain roles. For that reason, this article unpacks boundaries in general, and surfaces in particular, in terms of interactions between structured entities, most importantly—living creatures capable of (minimal) cognition. It is argued that boundaries should be thought of as products of and at the same time as critical constraints imposed on structural coupling between complex beings, including the interactions between the (minimally) cognitive subjects and their surroundings.

Paired EMI-HIMU hotspots in the South Atlantic—Starting plume heads trigger compositionally distinct secondary plumes?

Age-progressive volcanism is generally accepted as the surface expression of deep-rooted mantle plumes, which are enigmatically linked with the African and Pacific large low–shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs). We present geochemical and geochronological data collected from the oldest portions of the age-progressive enriched mantle one (EMI)-type Tristan-Gough track. They are part of a 30- to 40-million year younger age-progressive hotspot track with St. Helena HIMU (high time-integrated 238U/204Pb) composition, which is also observed at the EMI-type Shona hotspot track in the southernmost Atlantic. Whereas the primary EMI-type hotspots overlie the margin of the African LLSVP, the HIMU-type hotspots are located above a central portion of the African LLSVP, reflecting a large-scale geochemical zonation. We propose that extraction of large volumes of EMI-type mantle from the margin of the LLSVP by primary plume heads triggered upwelling of HIMU material from a more internal domain of the LLSVP, forming secondary plumes.

Human Rights Violations in Myanmar and the Military Junta’s Defensive Human Rights Diplomacy

Once considered the internal domain of states, of late human rights issues and concerns have been frequently raised at the international level through the use of human rights diplomacy. However, human rights diplomacy is not only confined to like-minded states who often raise issues pertaining to human rights violations abroad, but can also employed by states violating human rights as a means for its own defence. Under intense criticism for its abysmal human rights record, the Myanmar regime too has often resorted to human rights diplomacy as a strategy to deflect criticism, mainly from without. In doing so, the regime not only often invokes the notion of sovereignty, but even undertakes systematic attacks on the members of the international media and transnational advocacy groups who raise these issues. In addition and knowing that these issues have often dented its own credibility and legitimacy, the Myanmar junta even embarked on an image-building campaign, namely by enlisting the services of foreign public relations firms. In the light of these developments, this article will analyse how Myanmar’s military regime has used defensive human rights diplomacy to ward-off criticism against its poor human rights record.

Neogene polyphase deformation related to the Alboran Basin evolution: new insights for the Beni Bousera massif (Internal Rif, Morocco)

Located in the Internal domain of the Rif belt, the Beni Bousera massif is characterized by a stack of peridotites and crustal metamorphic units. The massif is intruded by granitic dykes and affected by several normal ductile shear zones. Structural, petrological and 40Ar–39Ar dating analyses performed on these two elements highlight that (1) the granitic dykes are emplaced within major N70° to N140° trending normal faults and shear zones, resulted from an NNE-SSW extension (2) the Aaraben fault in its NE part is characterized by N70° to N150° trending ductile normal shear zones, resulted from a nearly N-S extension and (3) the age of this extensional event is comprised between 22 and 20 Ma. Available paleomagnetic data allow a restoration of the initial orientation of extension, which was nearly E-W contemporary with the Alboran Basin opening in back-arc context, during the Early Miocene. At the onset of the extension, the peridotites were somehow lying upon a partially melted continental crust, and exhumed during this event by the Aaraben Normal Shear Zone. Afterward, the Alboran Domain suffered several compressional events.