The Explicit Teaching of Writing Using Disquisition-Based Learning Strategy for the First Year EFL College Students at Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

This current study is directed to implement Disquisition based learning strategy in improving the students’ ability in writing descriptive text at the first year EFL college students of Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. The English major in the first year has eight classes. This site is chosen for several reasons. First, the researcher is a lecturer of the university. Second, the lecturer’s strategy in teaching text writing is not varied. Third, the researcher is motivated to solve the students’ problems in writing texts. This study is categorized as a collaborative action research since in conducting the research, the researcher works collaboratively with a classroom English lecturer in the research activities at the stage of planning, the implementation of the action, the observation and the analysis and reflection. Based on the study’s findings and discussion, it can be concluded that using a Disquisition-based learning strategy can help students enhance their capacity to write descriptive paragraphs. Furthermore, it provided students with opportunities for increased independence. They can work together without the lecturer dictating every step, and they can make some of their own learning decisions to complete the task, due to peer revising and editing activities. Furthermore, the strategy necessitates that the students collaborate. It emphasizes the importance of group collaboration to solve problems and obtain a diverse range of feedback or replies to difficulties. In group learning, it allows students to share their thoughts with one another and to learn to listen to and respect the viewpoints of their peers. Furthermore, the execution of this strategy has a favorable impact on students’ interest in learning English. The researcher noticed that a couple of the students who used to run away from class when he first started teaching were already participating in all of the learning activities. The future researcher is advised to implement and build a Disquisition-based learning strategy in other school levels. However, in the implementation the strategy, the lecturer should give more guidance and data sources such as interesting pictures, a large number of vocabulary, and simple models of writing.

Christ as the Watermark of Divine Love: Expanding the Boundaries of Eastern Orthodox Ecumenism and Interreligious Encounter

The article is a personal theological reflection on ecumenism and inter-religious dialogue by one of the commission of drafters of the Ecumenical Patriarchate's 2020 social teaching text For the Life of the World: Toward an Orthodox Social Ethos (=FLOW). The text argues that FLOW, despite being innovative for Orthodoxy, needs its boundaries expanded theologically. The section on Christian ecumenism is still quite conservative in character. It acknowledges that the Orthodox Church is committed to ecumenism but it does not explicitly acknowledge the ecclesiality of non-Orthodox churches. The author puts forward a form of qualified ecclesiological exclusivism that affirms that non-Orthodox churches are tacitly Orthodox containing “a grain of Orthodoxy” (Sergii Bulgakov). Strangely, FLOW's section on inter-religious dialogue is much more radical than its section on ecumenism. The author builds theologically on FLOW's positive affirmation of other religions as containing “seeds of the Word”, in particular, Islam containing ‘beauty and spiritual truths' and Judaism as being Orthodoxy’s “elder brother.” The essay ends by sketching a Trinitarian theology of other religions drawing on ideas from Maximus the Confessor, Bulgakov, Hans Urs von Balthasar and Raimundo Panikkar amongst others.

Role of Ballet Basic Skills Training Based on Multimedia Video in International Standard Dance Teaching

Ballet and sports dance are also dance art from the west, which are popular among the Chinese people after they were introduced into China. With the popularization of compulsory education, people now like to let children learn all kinds of art skills. For instance, dance is very popular with parents, and then to the common development and promotion of career, we also realize that the development of online dance education and dance is more and more extensive pan. Through the introduction of ballet research, this paper explores the application of multimedia-based ballet basic skills training in international standard dance teaching. The research results can make dancers, especially beginners, truly understand the training value of ballet basic skills training and pay enough attention to this course. This paper uses the ways of literature analysis, experimental investigation, and multimedia ballet teaching text experiment to study the application of ballet in modern international standard dance teaching. It reflects the number of people learning ballet and learning motivation. Based on the extensive application of multimedia ballet basic skills training in international standard dance teaching, we can really understand the significance of ballet basic training for the whole dance teaching the value of learning. The experimental results show that 70% of ballet scholars believe that the basic skills training of ballet has a very high requirement on the body, and the motivation of learning ballet is also different. Dancers use the theoretical knowledge of dance science teaching and ballet basic training to make an overall connection, and multimedia video ballet basic skills training exercises the foundation in dance. It also plays an important role in the teaching of international standard dance.

Can Word-Word Space Facilitate L2 Chinese Reading: Evidence From the Two Empirical Studies by Advanced L2 Learners of Mandarin Chinese

The purpose of this article aims to analysis the effect of word-word space in written Chinese to advanced non-native speakers when they read and process Mandarin texts. The participants have performed one online reaction time experiment and another one offline pencil-paper test. The results indicate that the structure of word segmentation in written Chinese texts have play an effective role in sentences’ semantic processing, and the length and difficulty of sentences stimuli have also displayed significant function for their Chinese sentences processing. However, the results of offline test show that the combinational amount of segmental words have not affected the texts materials processed by advanced L2 participants. These results suggest that word boundary can facilitate L2 learners of Mandarin Chinese in processing text during their reading. Apart from theoretical implications, this article also proposes a new pedagogical approach to teaching text segmentation in Chinese, which can be useful in instructing Chinese as a second or foreign language.

Technology of differentiated training bases of algorithmization and programming on the first course of the university on the basis of the DL.GSU.BY system of distance learning

The article describes the technology of teaching text-based programming on the basis of the DL.GSU.BY website. The main advantages of the technology include: “zero entry threshold”, training adapted to the student, many years of practical experience, efficiency, scalability. The following issues are consistently considered in the article: idealized goal setting; the use by students of a programming language of their choice from a variety of modern programming languages when performing practical tasks in the discipline; a clear verification of goal achievement; blended learning; effective personalization of the educational process; non-standard organizational and technical decisions; effectiveness of training. The idealized goal setting includes the need to teach students the following: algorithmic reformulation of the problem statement; knowledge of a set of basic language constructs, as well as basic builtin procedures and functions; the ability to use basic algorithms on one-dimensional and two-dimensional arrays, sets of plane points, lines, queues; the ability to develop and debug new algorithms. Effective personalization of the educational process is provided with the help of such techniques: at each lesson, the student is offered a choice of activities that correspond to current level of his training; automatic verification of solutions is provided with the test assignment service; the system of automatic differentiated learning is used.

Developing critical reading competences at the English lessons: teaching text-messagewriting

The quality of our life and that of what we produce, make, or build depend precisely on the quality of our thought. Therefore excellence in thought must be systematically cultivated. Critical thinking is defined as the process of determining the authenticity, accuracy, and worth of information or knowledge claims. Being able to determine the main idea helps readers to recall important information. Locating the main idea and significant details helps the reader understand the points the writer is attempting to express. Identifying the relationship between these will improve comprehension.

CONCEPTUAL BASIS OF THE TEXT-CENTRIC STUDY OF THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE

The article describes the dominant tendencies of modern language education and substantiates the relevance of the text-centric study of the Ukrainian language. In the system of educational institutions, the emphasis is placed on learning the knowledge of the theory of language and is directed to the practical ability to use them. The teaching of the Ukrainian language is currently considered in the area of the formation of the communicative competence of the linguistic personality, its ability to actively produce and reproductive speech activity in oral and written form, in different situations and spheres of communication. The purpose of the paper is to determine the advantages, value, and significance of the text-centric study of the Ukrainian language to characterize the essence of the methodology of forming the linguistic personality on a textual basis, to develop and experimentally verify the methodical system of development of communicative skills using the technology of the development of critical thinking. Methods of research: theoretical ‒ analysis and synthesis of scientific sources, analysis of current programs, textbooks, manuals; empirical ‒ observation of the educational process; interviews with teachers and students, professors and students, questionnaires; deduction, induction; pedagogical experiment; statistical ‒ quantitative and qualitative analysis of the obtained results. The leading role in the system of training linguistic personality belongs to the communicative and cognitive methodology of teaching the Ukrainian language. Critical thinking as a kind of intellectual activity of a person is characterized by a high level of perception, comprehension, and analysis of the text in order to create his own statement. Text-centric study of the Ukrainian language appears as an integral methodical system that forms the skills of working with information (text) in the process of reproductive and productive speech activity. The application of the technology of critical thinking to the practice of language learning contributes to the formation of communicative competence. Keywords: language personality, cognitive technique, communicative technique, technology of Ukrainian language teaching, text-centric approach, text, discourse, technology of critical thinking.

The Role Of Authentic English Texts In The Development Of Writing Skills

Today, there is a rapid increase in education, therefore, knowledge of foreign languages has become one of the main problems in monitoring the development of the global information and digital economy in our country. Therefore, to improve the foreign language, various pedagogical technologies and methods of teaching the language are used. We know that oral and written speech skills are skills that can be achieved with great difficulty. This project analyses the development of oral and written speech using pedagogical technologies and teaching text types. Particular attention is paid to the development of students' communication skills using pedagogical technologies. These technologies help students gain confidence in self-expression. Therefore, the use of these technologies in lessons effectively develops oral and written speech, provides communication and an exciting learning process.

The Technology of Differentiated Instruction in Text Programming in Elementary School Based on the Website dl.gsu.by

The technology of teaching text-based programming on the basis of the website DL.GSU.BY is described. The main advantages of the technology include: “zero entry threshold”, training adapted to the pupil, many years of practical experience, effectiveness and scalability