A Behavioral Economics Approach to Digitalization

Technological improvement in the age of information has increased the possibilities to control the innocent social media users or penalize private investors and reap the benefits of their existence in hidden persuasion and discrimination. This chapter takes as a case the transparency technology XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language), which should make data more accessible as well as usable for private investors. Considering theoretical literature and field research, a representation issue for principles-based accounting taxonomies exists, which intelligent machines applying artificial intelligence (AI) nudge to facilitate decision usefulness. This chapter conceptualizes ethical questions arising from the taxonomy engineering based on machine learning systems and advocates for a democratization of information, education, and transparency about nudges and coding rules.

Understanding Gender Identities and Food Preferences to Increase the Consumption of a Plant-Based Diet With Heuristics

This chapter discerns existent food preferences and their correlation with women and men, and gender biases, in America. It then proposes a strategy to test the most efficient heuristics to nudge those more averse to a plant-based, sustainable diet. By understanding how negative biases can be reversed through the application of behavioral economics, the plant-based industry and American government can most effectively build marketing procedures to be employed in campaigns, menus, packaging, and media to portray sustainable diets as appealing for men and women, and important for environmental wellbeing. The study recognizes and navigates the irrationality of human preferences as actors in the food market. By accounting for gender norms, cultural roles, and subconscious behavior, it will effectively produce insight on the best heuristical approaches to cognitively orchestrate a wider acceptance, and consequent consumption, of plant-based foods.

Globally Responsible Intergenerational Leadership

Today's workforce is more diverse than ever, comprised of five generational cohorts: Traditionalists, Baby Boomers, Generation X, Generation Y, and Generation Z. As each generation has its own values, beliefs, and expectations, their leadership preferences pose new challenges for organizations. In this chapter, leadership approaches are discussed, and the differences and similarities among preferred generational leadership styles are examined. The purpose of this chapter is to determine an appropriate leadership style that meets the needs of all generations, and globally responsible inter-generational leadership has been suggested as the most effective approach.

Impact Investing

This chapter reviews literature on impact investing and maps the impact investing ecosystem. It finds that the academic work in impact investing is of a nascent field of research, in which there is considerable interest and potential, but currently no substantial core of ideas, theory, or data. The academic contributions to date are scattered and disparate, coming from diverse perspectives and approaching a range of topics that sometimes share little common ground. Overall, this chapter offers a contribution towards the institutionalization of impact investing as an area of both research and practice. This research suggests a pathway towards creating a body of work that is built upon a core set of ideas and theories that has a clear identity and commonly agreed upon definitions and that represents the progressive accumulation of knowledge.

On the Evolutionary Interplay Between Remittances, Financial Development, and Economic Growth

In this chapter, the authors attempt to investigate the interaction between remittances and financial development and its impact on the economic growth over the period 1980-2016. In this respect, they apply the autoregressive distributed lag bound test (ARDL) approach on cross-country of data series from 1980 to 2016 to study the short- and long-run relationship of remittances and financial development with economic growth. The empirical results show that the direct effects of shipments on growth are significant. On the other hand, the impact of remittances on economic seems to be more significant by means of the financial development. It also shows that these shipments are more efficient in the case of a less developed informal sector, a politically stable economy, and a developed financial structure.

Mapping Climate Justice

A three-dimensional climate justice approach introduces to share the benefits and burden of climate change in an economically efficient, legally equitable, and practically feasible way around the globe. Climate justice within a country pays tribute to low- and high-income households carrying the same burden proportional to their dispensable income through consumption tax, progressive carbon taxation, and a corporate inheritance tax. Climate change burden sharing between countries ensures those countries benefiting more from a warmer environment bear higher responsibility regarding climate change mitigation and adaptation. Climate justice over time is proposed by an innovative bonds climate change burden sharing strategy.

Intergenerational Governance and Leadership Around the World

In the eye of current intergenerational concerns, the study of global intergenerational balances leverages into a necessary and blatant demand but is up-to-date limited. Intertemporal transfers between generations have not been captured on a global scale. Pursuing to fill laissez-faire gaps on intergenerational concerns, outlining public or private sector endeavors in coordinating intergenerational exchange would provide concrete means how to balance intertemporal benefits and burdens between overlapping generations in a fair way. In the contemporary extensive writing on inequality, unraveling intergenerational equity opens ways to steer intertemporal social mobility. Therefore, the creation of a contemporary macroeconomic intergenerational transfer model with attention to public and private sector contributions as well as benefit and burden sharing are proposed and preliminary results presented.

Elevator Energy Storage Systems

Elevator energy storage systems provide reliable energy storage using the gravitational potential energy of elevators. The chapter provides evidence that harnessing the gravity of existing infrastructure is economically, environmentally, and socially more responsible than its competitors (large scale hydraulic and lithium battery storage). EESS proposes a heterodox approach to individuals' relationships with power systems. By the use of existing capital to provide power storage, the capitalist cycle, which constructs new capital for the sake of monetary growth, is disrupted. The next generation of energy storage will look to re-constrain its parameters of acceptability on the grounds of environmental and social impact rather than efficiency and megawatt output.

Corporate Governance-Based Evaluation of Alternative Distribution Channels in the Turkish Banking Sector Using Quality Function Deployment With an Integrated Fuzzy MCDM Method

The aim of the chapter is to evaluate the effect of corporate governance in alternative distribution channels for the Turkish banking sector. For this purpose, an integrated fuzzy MCDM model is structured to analyze the multi-dimensional effects of corporate governance for ranking the performance of alternative distribution channels by using the phases of quality function deployment. The method is constructed with the hybrid model by considering the fuzzy DEMATEL and fuzzy TOPSIS. Initially, the consumer needs and other internal and external factors that present the dimensions of the corporate governance are defined to analyze the results using the quality function deployment approach, and then the fuzzy DEMATEL method is used for the weights of dimensions for each perspective of house of quality. The fuzzy TOPSIS is used for ranking the alternative distribution channels in the Turkish banking sector. It is concluded that in the Turkish banking sector, branch is the most preferred alternative distribution channel whereas the importance of ATM and social media is very low in comparison with others. Hence, it is believed that using other channels, such as social media and ATM, has an increasing effect in order to increase the effectiveness of the banking sector. Therefore, it can be said that necessary infrastructure should be provided to attract the attention of the parties to make banking transactions through social media and ATMs.

CSR Practices and Theory of Planned Behavior in an Organizational Context

The purpose of this chapter is to use the theory of planned behavior to examine how managers' attitudes toward CSR, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control influence CSR practice in an organization. Previous CSR studies have paid less attention to how managers' perceived behaviors influence CSR practices in an organization. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews from different organizations in the UK and USA. The results show managers' attitudes toward CSR, social pressures from stakeholders as subjective norms, and how managers' perceived behaviors affect CSR practices, in terms of how managers play important leadership roles in the relationship between their behaviors and CSR practices in an organization. This chapter makes a significant contribution to our understanding of why CSR is a kind of window dressing in an organization. It includes eight sections: introduction, the notion of CSR and CSR practices, theory of planned behavior and CSR practices, research method, discussion, conclusion, theoretical and practical implications, and limitations.