CHALLENGES FACED BY SCHOOLS STUDENTS: SOME CONCERNS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES OF ASIA (INDIA, AFGHANISTAN, IRAN ETC.)

The purpose of this paper is to point out the key challenges faced by school students. In line with this aim the researcher has done a thematic research methodology, through personal experiences from childhood, working as a school advisor and reviewing literatures to collect detailed information concerning school student’s challenges. After finding the valid sources the researcher has found that the most worrying challenges are sexual abuses by elder students and gangsters, conflict on the way of school, long distance to get to the school, gender discrimination between boys and girls in the families, bombing and attacks on schools, poverty, bulling and teasing, Case of (Afghanistan). Furthermore, overcrowded classrooms, poor equipment’s and lack of experienced teachers regarding recognition of the specific talents of different students and failing them in exams are another challenges on the way of school students. Moreover, illiteracy of parents and lack of help regarding their homework’s, family conflicts and it is effects on the child are part of difficulties faced by school students. Also, climate change, cultural differences, loneliness and communication problems are another uphill’s for migrant students in international schools in a foreign country, case of foregone students in (India). Likewise, lack of school opportunity, misguidance some of students with encouraging them to join to insurgent groups, and discrimination against illegal migrant families, case of 300 million Afghanistanian illegal migrants in Iran and Pakistan with no educational opportunities. In addition, physical punishment, religious discrimination and lack of free of thought against students of minorities are some big barriers on the way of studying in schools, case of (Iran). Finding also showed that smart phones and computers cause some of the students to waste their study time on playing games and face time management problem. Finally, carrying on offensive guns and using drags by some students which effects other students psychologically and increase the possibility of violence are the most serious challenges faced by school students. However, as it is such an international problem, for solution, the five multilateral institutions which are the key international stakeholders in the EFA movement: UNESCO, UNDP, UNFPA, UNICEF and the World Bank, should take action against the above mentioned challenges. In the Indian context too similar challenges are daunting the Indian education sector. This paper attempts to highlight such challenges and ways of managing them from the perspective of the above mentioned key international stakeholders.

MADHUBANI- THE EXOTIC ART OF MITHILA

The aim of this paper is to preserve the originality of the art form. The recent trends of consumerism, market and selling attitude have made this art a maidservant of the moneyed people. The selling of art and modifying it is not bad but it should not affect the creativity of the people. Due to the contemporary styles the real essence of this folk art is disappearing which in turn is also depleting the values associated with it. A serious thought is urgently required before the traditional creativity and values are drained out to nothing. NGO professionals, researchers, folk artists, and people concerned all should take concrete steps and the appropriate measures to retain this art in its originality because it’s a legacy being passed down from generations.

RELATING ACADEMIC SELF-CONCEPT WITH SELF-HANDICAPPING OF STUDENTS OF NINTH GRADE: A STUDY OF SOUTH INDIA

Purpose of the existing study is to find out the relationship between Academic Self-Concept, and Self-Handicapping of ninth grade students. Method of the study was Survey, and multistage cluster sampling technique was used for the study; 204 secondary school students, from seven government schools of Thiruvananthapuram educational sub-district of Kerala, South India, were used sample of the study. Academic Self-Concept Scale and Self-Handicapping scales were used to collect data. The results show that there is a statistically significant correlation between the variables (p< 0.01). Thus it is interpreted there is a significant negative correlation between the variables Academic Self-Concept and Self-Handicapping. That is, an increase/positive variation in Academic Self-Concept will make a corresponding decrease/variation in Self-Handicapping of students from ninth grades, and vice-versa.

TRENDS IN SCHOOL DROPOUT RATE IN INDIA

In global perspective, it is an incontestable fact that the progress of a nation is highly dependent on the education of its citizens. Education thus plays a crucial role and has a cross cutting impact on all aspects of human life. But the increasing dropout numbers pertain to a shabby state of affairs in the education system. The main purpose of this study is thereby to analyse the trends in dropout rate, explore causes and provide suggestions to reduce dropout rate at secondary stage in India. The findings of this study are drawn from the extensive literature review of students’ dropout in different states of India wherein child marriage, lack of transportation, separate toilet, safety, and security en route the school, educational profile of parents, Lack of recreation, Absence of teachers, Lack of guidance and counseling, Partiality, prejudices, affordability and Lack of interest in school are found as major causes for student dropout in India. This study also highlights some policy implications such as improving school culture, providing basic facilities in schools, organising Inservice teacher training programmes for teachers to identify and handle at risk students and conducting remedial teaching programmes for the needy students in schools in order to guide policy makers to combat this problem.

PROSPECTIVE TEACHER EDUCATORS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS RESEARCH

The present study attempted to find out the level of attitude towards research of prospective teacher educators. The researchers have used the descriptive survey method for the present study. For this study 108 prospective teacher educators were taken as a sample from govt. aided college and private college. Out of 108 M.Ed students 42 were male and 66 were female students.40 students were studying in Govt. aided college and 68 students were completing their degree from private college of education. The simple random sampling technique was used to collect data. The scale used by the investigator was Attitude towards research by Vishal Sood and Sharma (2012). Data analysis was done with the help of mean, SD, t-test. The result shows that the levesl of Attitude towards research among M.Ed students were moderate. It was also revealed from the study that there is significant difference between the male and female prospective teacher educators’ research attitude. The research attitude of female students was comparatively better than male students. The investigators also found out that there exists no significant difference between the prospective teacher educators pursuing their degree from different types of colleges.

INTRODUCTION TO THE PROBLEM OF MODERN SLAVERY

Modern slavery is gradually becoming one of the most widespread crimes in the world. A conscious understanding of the issue is an extremely important part of the process of tackling this problem. The aim of this work is to introduce the reader to the issue of human trafficking and its most common forms. The phenomenon splits in to the following main branches: sex trafficking, forced labour, debt bondage, domestic servitude, forced marriage, forced criminality and organ harvesting. Modern-day slavery happens all around us and at a surprisingly high rate.

PORTRAYAL OF LOSS AND SUFFERING IN LITERATURE AND ART- A REVIEW OF “LORENZO’S OIL”

Cinema has always been a powerful means of cultural, social and educational propaganda and people seem to be more receptive to the audio-visual media than just audio or print. Thus, films or movies have become a very effective means of social dissemination of information. The films are a reflection of the society and their stories come from society itself. The stories of the films do not just come from the present situation of societies around the world, rather since the time societies have been in existence. They revolve around a variety of themes ranging from romance to thriller or from science fiction to serious documentaries. A very crucial genre of films which began during the era of the ’70s communicated about the sufferings in human lives. The pivotal role in this genre was played by the films which revolved around the depiction of life-threatening diseases. This paper discusses the role and significance of cinema in unfolding the atrocities faced by the sufferers and how they handle it. The aim of this paper is to present the subject of suffering and death in contemporary cinema with the example of the film “Lorenzo’s oil”. The research not only explains how suffering is shown on the big screen, but also reveals the medical community's approach to patients in case of diagnosing and treating serious and rare diseases.

EFFORTS TO REINTEGRATE DROPOUTS IN LIGHT OF DRAFT OF NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY 2019

Dropouts are the children who are not in the educational field because of various reasons. All those children who could not either get enrolled in the school or dropout from the school before completing the education. There have many efforts to bring all children in school. Right to Education was one such effort to achieve 100% enrolment for children upto 14 years. Draft of National Education Policy has also suggested various measures to ensure that all the students could be streamlined in the educational field. This paper critically analyzes the suggestions made in the Draft of National Education Policy to reintegrate the dropouts.

A STUDY OF PROSPECTIVE TEACHER’S RESILIENCE OF B.ED. COLLEGES OF MEHSANA CITY

Prospective Teacher’s resilience has been conceptualized in terms of prospective teacher’s ability to handle change, difficult situations, chaos in life, or manage the stress of his or her environment while thriving in the face of adversity. The present research study focuses to examine the significance of difference between the mean scores of independent variables on prospective teacher’s resilience. The objectives of the study were; (i) to study the significance of difference of mean scores of following independent variables on prospective teacher’s resilience: (a) Gender; (b) Caste (c) Types of College and (d) Discipline. Null hypotheses were framed. Data were collected from 244 prospective teachers by incidental sampling technique from four teacher education colleges i.e. B.Ed. colleges of Mehsana district using self-constructed Resilience Scale. Mean, S.D. and t-value were employed for data calculation and analysis. The findings of the present research study indicated no statistically significant difference between the mean scores of subsets of Gender, Caste, and Types of College. But, the Prospective Teachers of Commerce were found to be significantly higher at .01 level of significance than Prospective Teachers of Arts and Prospective Teachers of Science on mean scores (3.116≥ 2.58) of Resilience Scale. Practical implications of the study are discussed in relation to increasing resilience among students of different disciplines.

ICT TOOLS IN TEACHING LEARNING OF CHEMISTRY: A STUDY OF THE IMPACT ON THE STUDENTS AT SENIOR SECONDARY LEVEL

The present study focuses on the impact of teachers using traditional method and ICT tools on the academic achievement of the students, attitude of the students towards the subject chemistry, attitude of the students towards the use of ICT tools in teaching learning of Chemistry and the impact of the ICT tools on the written communication skills of the students. ICT tools in the present study may be understood as the application of digital equipment to all aspects of teaching and learning. Thus, the components of ICT would be video tapes, audio tapes, CDs, DVDs, television broadcast, video cassettes; computer-based learning materials, teleconferencing, video conferencing, internet, web conferencing etc. Sample for the present study comprised of students of 4 sections of class XII Science enrolled in Jamia Senior Secondary School and Syed Abid Hussain Senior Secondary School. As random assignment of subjects to control and Experimental Groups has not been applied, the present study is Quasi Experimental in nature. Of the many quasi experimental designs, Pretest- Posttest non-equivalent Groups Design was employed for the present study. The following tools were used for attaining the objectives of the study: Attitude Scales: a) Five point Likert scale for measuring Impact of ICT tools on the attitude of students towards chemistry (ATCS) b) Five point Likert scale for measuring Impact of ICT tools on the attitude of student towards the use of ICT tools in teaching learning of chemistry (ATIS). In accordance with the objectives of the study, the obtained data was analyzed using specific statistical techniques, which include computation of mean, S.D, t-test, ANCOVA (analysis of covariance). It was found from the study that traditional method must be used along with suitable ICT tool which may help in improving the teaching learning process and increasing the comprehensibility of the subject Chemistry. Thus, it was inferred that the use of ICT tools in the teaching learning of Chemistry has a positive impact on academic achievement, attitude and communication skills of the students.