scholarly journals Ventricular repolarization heterogeneity in patients with COVID‐19: Original data, systematic review, and meta‐analysis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Mahmoudi ◽  
Reza Mollazadeh ◽  
Pejman Mansouri ◽  
Mohammad Keykhaei ◽  
Shayan Mirshafiee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Ventricular Repolarization

scholarly journals More than 50 long-term effects of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Lopez-Leon ◽  
Talia Wegman-Ostrosky ◽  
Carol Perelman ◽  
Rosalinda Sepulveda ◽  
Paulina A. Rebolledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Attention Disorder ◽  
Initial Recovery ◽  
Meta Analyses

AbstractCOVID-19 can involve persistence, sequelae, and other medical complications that last weeks to months after initial recovery. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to identify studies assessing the long-term effects of COVID-19. LitCOVID and Embase were searched to identify articles with original data published before the 1st of January 2021, with a minimum of 100 patients. For effects reported in two or more studies, meta-analyses using a random-effects model were performed using the MetaXL software to estimate the pooled prevalence with 95% CI. PRISMA guidelines were followed. A total of 18,251 publications were identified, of which 15 met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of 55 long-term effects was estimated, 21 meta-analyses were performed, and 47,910 patients were included (age 17–87 years). The included studies defined long-COVID as ranging from 14 to 110 days post-viral infection. It was estimated that 80% of the infected patients with SARS-CoV-2 developed one or more long-term symptoms. The five most common symptoms were fatigue (58%), headache (44%), attention disorder (27%), hair loss (25%), and dyspnea (24%). Multi-disciplinary teams are crucial to developing preventive measures, rehabilitation techniques, and clinical management strategies with whole-patient perspectives designed to address long COVID-19 care.

scholarly journals Vitamin D and Pre-Eclampsia: Original Data, Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elina Hyppönen ◽  
Alana Cavadino ◽  
David Williams ◽  
Abigail Fraser ◽  
Attila Vereczkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Original Data

scholarly journals Anticholinergic burden and fractures: a protocol for a methodological systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e030205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Reinold ◽  
Wiebke Schäfer ◽  
Lara Christianson ◽  
Francesco Barone-Adesi ◽  
Oliver Riedel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Anticholinergic Activity ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Conference Presentations ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Anticholinergic Burden

IntroductionMedications with anticholinergic activity are used in the treatment of many diseases common in old age, including depression, psychosis, Parkinson’s disease, allergies, pain and urinary incontinence. A high anticholinergic burden (ACB) is considered a major risk factor for fractures in older adults but recent studies reported inconsistent results. These inconsistencies may partly be due to differences in methodological aspects. However, no systematic review so far has addressed this association and considered study methods. Thus, we aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies addressing the association of ACB with fractures and to provide a methodological appraisal of the included studies.Methods and analysisWe will search MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Science Citation Index, CENTRAL and grey literature using a strategy that combines the terms anticholinergic and fractures. We will hand search reference lists of articles. Two reviewers will independently screen all identified abstracts for eligibility and evaluate the risk of bias of the included studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale and RTI item bank. Discrepancies will be resolved by consensus or consultation with a third researcher. We will conduct a meta-analysis, either for the overall population or for specific and more homogeneous subgroups, if the number of studies retrieved and their heterogeneity allows it.Ethics and disseminationNo ethics approval will be sought, as no original data will be collected for this review. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018116737.

scholarly journals Enteric pathogens associated with gastroenteritis among children under 5 years in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. B. Oppong ◽  
H. Yang ◽  
C. Amponsem-Boateng ◽  
E. K. D Kyere ◽  
T. Abdulai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Children Under 5

Abstract Gastroenteritis remains a serious health condition among children under 5 years especially in Africa. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the aetiologic pathogens of gastroenteritis in the region. We did a systematic search for articles with original data on the aetiology of gastroenteritis and acute diarrhoea among children younger than 5 years. Pooled results were extracted and analysed in STATA version 12.0 using random-effects for statistical test for homogeneity following the guidelines provided in the Cochrane Collaboration and Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Overall, viruses accounted for 50.2% of the cases followed by bacteria with 31.6% of the cases. Parasites accounted for 12.1% of the case. Rotavirus was the most common cause of acute diarrhoea in all regions resulting in 29.2% of the cases followed by E. coli (15.6%) of diarrhoeal cases and Adenovirus (10.8%). The most prevalent parasite detected was Giardia lamblia (7.3%). Acute diarrhoea remains rampant with Rotavirus still being the major pathogen responsible for the disease in children less than 5 years old despite the introduction of vaccine. It is recommended that the vaccine should be promoted much more widely in the region.

scholarly journals Continuation versus discontinuation of aspirin-based antiplatelet therapy for perioperative bleeding and ischaemic events in adults undergoing neurosurgery: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e046741
Author(s):  
Xinyan Wang ◽  
Xinxin Wang ◽  
Yun Yu ◽  
Ruquan Han
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antiplatelet Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Bleeding Risk ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Perioperative Bleeding

IntroductionAntiplatelet therapy is commonly used in primary or secondary prevention of atherosclerotic and thrombotic diseases, such as coronary artery disease, transient ischaemic attack or stroke. Recent studies noted that antiplatelet therapy should be continued perioperatively in patients at high risk of thrombosis and low bleeding risk in orthopaedic, spinal or urological surgery. However, evidence in neurosurgery is lacking. Thus, we aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess whether the continuous use of antiplatelet drugs in neurosurgery increases the risk of perioperative bleeding.Methods and analysisWe will search PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Embase using a strategy that combines the terms aspirin, bleeding/ischaemic and neurosurgery. Two reviewers will independently screen all identified abstracts for eligibility and evaluate the risk of bias of the included studies using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomised controlled studies and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for observational studies (including cohort studies, case–control studies, case series). Discrepancies will be resolved by consultation with a third researcher. We will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis. If evidence suggests moderate statistical or clinical heterogeneity, we plan to investigate this heterogeneity by performing subgroup analyses and sensitivity analysis.Ethics and disseminationNo ethics approval will be sought as no original data will be collected for this review. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020202590.

scholarly journals More Than 50 Long-Term Effects of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Lopez-Leon ◽  
Talia Wegman-Ostrosky ◽  
Carol Perelman ◽  
Rosalinda Sepulveda ◽  
Paulina Rebolledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Attention Disorder ◽  
Initial Recovery ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background. COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, can involve sequelae and other medical complications that last weeks to months after initial recovery, which has come to be called Long-COVID or COVID long-haulers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to identify studies assessing long-term effects of COVID-19 and estimates the prevalence of each symptom, sign, or laboratory parameter of patients at a post-COVID-19 stage. Methods. LitCOVID (PubMed and Medline) and Embase were searched by two independent researchers. All articles with original data for detecting long-term COVID-19 published before 1st of January 2021 and with a minimum of 100 patients were included. For effects reported in two or more studies, meta-analyses using a random-effects model were performed using the MetaXL software to estimate the pooled prevalence with 95% CI. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics. This systematic review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviewers and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, although the study protocol was not registered. Results. A total of 18,251 publications were identified, of which 15 met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of 55 long-term effects was estimated, 21 meta-analyses were performed, and 47,910 patients were included. The follow-up time ranged from 14 to 110 days post-viral infection. The age of the study participants ranged between 17 and 87 years. It was estimated that 80% (95% CI 65-92) of the patients that were infected with SARS-CoV-2 developed one or more long-term symptoms. The five most common symptoms were fatigue (58%), headache (44%), attention disorder (27%), hair loss (25%), and dyspnea (24%). All meta-analyses showed medium (n=2) to high heterogeneity (n=13). Conclusions. In order to have a better understanding, future studies need to stratify by sex, age, previous comorbidities, the severity of COVID-19 (ranging from asymptomatic to severe), and duration of each symptom. From the clinical perspective, multi-disciplinary teams are crucial to developing preventive measures, rehabilitation techniques, and clinical management strategies with whole-patient perspectives designed to address long COVID-19 care.

scholarly journals What do we know about SARS-CoV-2 transmission? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the secondary attack rate, serial interval, and asymptomatic infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wee Chian Koh ◽  
Lin Naing ◽  
Muhammad Ali Rosledzana ◽  
Mohammad Fathi Alikhan ◽  
Liling Chaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Attack Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Serial Interval

Background Current SARS-CoV-2 containment measures rely on the capacity to control person-to-person viral transmission. Effective prioritization of these measures can be determined by understanding SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses of three parameters: (i) secondary attack rate (SAR) in various settings, (ii) clinical onset serial interval (SI), and (iii) the proportion of asymptomatic infection. Methods and Findings We searched PubMed, medRxiv, and bioRxiv databases between January 1, 2020, and May 15, 2020, for articles describing SARS-CoV-2 attack rate, SI, and asymptomatic infection. Studies were included if they presented original data for estimating point estimates and 95% confidence intervals of the three parameters. Random effects models were constructed to pool SAR, mean SI, and asymptomatic proportion. Risk ratios were used to examine differences in transmission risk by setting, type of contact, and symptom status of the index case. Publication and related bias were assessed by funnel plots and Egger's meta-regression test for small-study effects. Our search strategy for SAR, SI, and asymptomatic infection identified 459, 572, and 1624 studies respectively. Of these, 20 studies met the inclusion criteria for SAR, 18 studies for SI, and 66 studies for asymptomatic infection. We estimated the pooled household SAR at 15.4% (95% CI: 12.2%, 18.7%) compared to 4.0% (95% CI: 2.8%, 5.2%) in non-household settings. We observed variation across settings; however, the small number of studies limited power to detect associations and sources of heterogeneity. SAR of symptomatic index cases is significantly higher than cases that were symptom-free at diagnosis (RR 2.55, 95% CI: 1.47, 4.45). Adults appear to be more susceptible to transmission than children (RR 1.40, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.96). The pooled mean SI is estimated at 4.87 days (95% CI: 3.98, 5.77). The pooled proportion of cases who had no symptoms at diagnosis is 25.9% (95% CI: 18.8%, 33.1%). Conclusions Based our pooled estimates, 10 infected symptomatic persons living with 100 contacts would result in 15 additional cases in <5 days. To be effective, quarantine of contacts should occur within 3 days of symptom onset. If testing and tracing relies on symptoms, one-quarter of cases would be missed. As such, while aggressive contact tracing strategies may be appropriate early in an outbreak, as it progresses, control measures should transition to account for SAR variability across settings. Targeted strategies focusing on high-density enclosed settings may be effective without overly restricting social movement.

scholarly journals Diabetes Mellitus and Breast Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly S. Peairs ◽  
Bethany B. Barone ◽  
Claire F. Snyder ◽  
Hsin-Chieh Yeh ◽  
Kelly B. Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Prognostic Outcome

Purpose The goal of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effect of pre-existing diabetes on breast cancer–related outcomes. Methods We searched EMBASE and MEDLINE databases from inception through July 1, 2009, using search terms related to diabetes mellitus, cancer, and prognostic outcome. Studies were included if they reported a prognostic outcome by diabetes status, evaluated a cancer population, and contained original data published in the English language. We performed a meta-analysis of pre-existing diabetes and its effect on all-cause mortality in patients with breast cancer and qualitatively summarized other prognostic outcomes. Results Of 8,828 titles identified, eight articles met inclusion/exclusion criteria and described outcomes in patients with breast cancer and diabetes. Pre-existing diabetes was significantly associated with all-cause mortality in six of seven studies. In a meta-analysis, patients with breast cancer and diabetes had a significantly higher all-cause mortality risk (pooled hazard ratio [HR], 1.49; 95% CI, 1.35 to 1.65) compared with their nondiabetic counterparts. Three of four studies found pre-existing diabetes to be associated with more advanced stage at presentation. Diabetes was also associated with altered regimens for breast cancer treatment and increased toxicity from chemotherapy. Conclusion Compared with their nondiabetic counterparts, patients with breast cancer and pre-existing diabetes have a greater risk of death and tend to present at later stages and receive altered treatment regimens. Studies are needed to investigate pathophysiologic interactions between diabetes and breast cancer and determine whether improvements in diabetes care can reduce mortality in patients with breast cancer.

What are the risk factors for injuries and injury prevention strategies for skiers and snowboarders in terrain parks and half-pipes? A systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Audet ◽  
Brent E Hagel ◽  
Albertro Nettel-Aguirre ◽  
Tatum Mitra ◽  
Carolyn A Emery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Registration Number

ObjectiveTo synthesise the current evidence regarding the risk factors, the injury prevention strategies and the profile of injured skiers and snowboarders in terrain parks (TPs) and half-pipes (HPs).DesignSystematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines.Data sourcesLiterature searches from six electronic databases and manual searches were performed.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesInclusion criteria were: (1) publication based on original data; (2) injuries sustained in TPs or HPs; (3) recreational skiing or snowboarding injuries; (4) observational or experimental study design with a comparison group.ResultsNo study explored the risk factors in HPs or the prevention strategies in TPs or HPs. From the literature retrieved, there is strong evidence that skiing or snowboarding in a TP is a risk factor for head, neck, back and severe injuries. Two papers assessed the risk factors for injuries in TPs, mainly demonstrating that features promoting aerial manoeuvres or a large drop to the ground were associated with higher feature-specific injury rates. The profile of injured skiers and snowboarders in TPs described in the literature suggested some evidence of associations between factors including activity, sex, skill level, helmet use, age and TP injuries.Summary/conclusionsThis systematic review demonstrates the need for studies identifying the risk factors for injuries to skiers and snowboarders and on interventions to reduce the risk of injury in TPs and HPs. Studies addressing the issue of TP design should be considered.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016045206.

scholarly journals Clinical presentations, laboratory and radiological findings, and treatments for 11,028 COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos K.H. Wong ◽  
Janet Y. Wong ◽  
Eric H.M. Tang ◽  
Chi Ho Au ◽  
Abraham K. Wai
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Registration Number

Abstract Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the comorbidities, symptoms, clinical characteristics and treatment of COVID-19 patients.Method: Epidemiological studies published in 2020 (from January-March) on the clinical presentation, laboratory findings and treatments of COVID-19 patients were identified from PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase databases. Studies published in English by 27th March, 2020 with original data were included. A random-effects model was used to aggregate estimates across eligible studies and produce meta-analytic estimates. Primary outcomes included comorbidities of COVID-19 patients, their symptoms presented on hospital admission, laboratory results and radiological outcomes, and pharmacological and in-patient treatments.Results: 77 studies were included in this meta-analysis, accounting for a total of 11,028 COVID- 19 patients in multiple countries. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (18.1%, 95%CI: 15.4-20.8%). The most frequently identified symptoms were fever (72.4%, 95%CI: 67.2-77.7%) and cough (55.5%, 95%CI: 50.7-60.3%). For pharmacological treatment, 63.9% (95%CI: 52.5-75.3%), 62.4% (95%CI: 47.9-76.8%) and 29.7% (95%CI: 21.8-37.6%) of patients were given antibiotics, antiviral, and corticosteroid, respectively. Notably, 62.6% (95%CI: 39.9- 85.4%) and 20.2% (95%CI: 14.6-25.9%) of in-patients received oxygen therapy and non- invasive mechanical ventilation, respectively.Conclusions: This meta-analysis informed healthcare providers about the timely status of characteristics and treatments of COVID-19 patients across different countries.PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42020176589

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