Cellulose acetate as a raw material for rayon production

Cellulose acetate(CA) fiber is a kind of regenerated cellulose fiber that with cellulose and acetic acid as raw material,and obtained through esterification reaction.The fiber has features of environmental protection,natural,non-toxic and good degradability.CA nanofiber is prepared by the electrostatic spinning technology has excellent performance and has been closely watched.The application of CA fiber and CA nanofiber in filtering materials was summarized.The application of CA fiber in cigarette filter holder and the research development of CA nanofiber in air filter materials, biomedical filter material,metal ions adsorption and other filter material was emphaticly expounded.

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Use of sweet sorghum bagasse (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) for cellulose acetate synthesis

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.14.2.3534-3553 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 3534-3553

Author(s):

José M. da Silva Neto ◽

Líbia de S. C. Oliveira ◽

Flávio L. H. da Silva ◽

José N. Tabosa ◽

José G. A. Pacheco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cellulose Acetate ◽

Cellulose Triacetate ◽

Point Of View ◽

Raw Material ◽

Sodium Chlorite ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Sorghum Bagasse ◽

Chemical Inputs ◽

Sorghum Bicolor L

The objective of this work was to synthesize cellulose acetate from sorghum bagasse, a promising raw material for the production of chemical inputs, both from a photosynthetic point of view and the maturation speed compared with that of sugarcane. The bagasse was treated with hydrogen peroxide, and then cellulose was isolated using sodium chlorite, acetic acid, and sodium hydroxide. The cellulose was subjected to an acetylation reaction, from which cellulose triacetate was obtained. By means of statistical analysis, it was observed that the conditions that generated the highest solubilization of lignin (62%) and higher yield from cellulose extraction (39.5%) were 60 °C, a 6% peroxide concentration, and 4 h. Cellulose acetate was obtained with a degree of substitution of 3.66 at 25 °C and 24 h. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, differential thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry analyses confirmed that the obtained cellulose presented specific characteristics of this material. Also, the reaction of acetylation was confirmed through these techniques.

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Thermoplastic Cellulose-Based Compound for Additive Manufacturing

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26061701 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 1701

Author(s):

Kirsi Immonen ◽

Pia Willberg-Keyriläinen ◽

Jarmo Ropponen ◽

Asta Nurmela ◽

Sini Metsä-Kortelainen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Cellulose Acetate ◽

High Performance ◽

Charpy Impact ◽

Cellulose Fiber ◽

Raw Material ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Cellulose Ester ◽

Cellulose Content ◽

Cellulose Acetate Propionate

The increasing environmental awareness is driving towards novel sustainable high-performance materials applicable for future manufacturing technologies like additive manufacturing (AM). Cellulose is abundantly available renewable and sustainable raw material. This work focused on studying the properties of thermoplastic cellulose-based composites and their properties using injection molding and 3D printing of granules. The aim was to maximize the cellulose content in composites. Different compounds were prepared using cellulose acetate propionate (CAP) and commercial cellulose acetate propionate with plasticizer (CP) as polymer matrices, microcellulose (mc) and novel cellulose-ester additives; cellulose octanoate (C8) and cellulose palmitate (C16). The performance of compounds was compared to a commercial poly(lactic acid)-based cellulose fiber containing composite. As a result, CP-based compounds had tensile and Charpy impact strength properties comparable to commercial reference, but lower modulus. CP-compounds showed glass transition temperature (Tg) over 58% and heat distortion temperature (HDT) 12% higher compared to reference. CAP with C16 had HDT 82.1 °C. All the compounds were 3D printable using granular printing, but CAP compounds had challenges with printed layer adhesion. This study shows the potential to tailor thermoplastic cellulose-based composite materials, although more research is needed before obtaining all-cellulose 3D printable composite material with high-performance.

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KAJIAN AWAL PEMANFAATAN PULP DARI LIMBAH KEMASAN ASEPTIK UNTUK PEMBUATAN SELULOSA ASETAT

JURNAL SELULOSA ◽

10.25269/jsel.v3i02.48 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (02) ◽

Author(s):

Mahammad Khadafi ◽

Yuniarti P. Kencana

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Cellulose Acetate ◽

Glacial Acetic Acid ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Acid Anhydride ◽

Raw Material ◽

Cellulose Content ◽

Packaging Waste ◽

Acetyl Content ◽

Aseptic Packaging

The use of aseptic packaging in the world is still increasing from year to year, this causes a new matter like midden. Recycling the aseptic packaging is one of the efforts to utilize this waste. The raw material used for cellulose acetate crystal can be obtained from recycling process of aseptic packaging waste. This can be possible because pulp from aseptic packaging contain 72% needle unbleached virgin pulp. The purpose of this reasearch is to diversify the use of aseptic packaging waste by improving the technology process of acetylation for making cellulose acetate crystal. Aseptic packaging pulp was tested for the parameters such as water content, ash content, holocellulose content, α-cellulose content, lignin content, and hemicellulose content. This tested was used to know the eligibility of pulp for making cellulose acetate. The pulp was soaked with water and glacial acetic acid for swelling and conditioning. The acetylation process was done with adding glacial acetic acid and acetic acid anhydride in certain composition. Based on ASTM D 871-96 testing method, we obtained the optimum condition of acetyl content is 36.85% by adding 2.25 mL water and 35 mL acetic acid anhydride, whereas with the addition of 2.75 mL water and 30 mL acetic acid anhydride 28.28% acetyl content were obtained.Keywords : aseptic packaging pulp, acetate cellulose, acetylation process, acetyl content ABSTRAKPenggunaan kemasan aseptik yang meningkat dari tahun ke tahun, menimbulkan masalah baru berupa limbah. Salah satu upaya pemanfaatan limbah adalah melalui proses daur ulang. Hasil proses daur ulang ini diantaranya dapat dijadikan substitusi bahan baku produk derivat selulosa berupa selulosa asetat, karena limbah kemasan aseptik mengandung pulp virgin serat panjang 72%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk diversifikasi penggunaan dan pemanfaatan limbah kemasan aseptik melalui proses daur ulang dan penguasaan teknologi proses asetilasi untuk produk selulosa asetat. Pulp kemasan aseptik diuji dengan parameter kadar air, kadar abu, kadar holoselulosa, kadar α selulosa, kadar lignin, dan kadar hemiselulosa untuk mengetahui apakah pulp kemasan aseptik memenuhi persyaratan untuk dibuat selulosa asetat. Perendaman pulp dilakukan dengan air dan asam asetat glasial, kemudian diperas untuk mengkondisikan pulp sebelum proses asetilasi. Proses asetilasi dilakukan dengan menambahkan asam asetat glasial dan asam asetat anhidrida dalam jumlah tertentu. Berdasarkan metode ASTMD 871-96 diperoleh kadar asetil optimal dari kristal selulosa asetat sebesar 36,85% dengan penambahan air 2,25 mL dan asetat anhydrida 35 ml, sedangkan untuk penambahan asam asetat anhidrida 30 mL dan air 2,75 mL diperoleh kadar asetil 28,28%.Kata kunci : pulp kemasan aseptik, selulosa asetat, asetilasi, kadar asetil

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Synthesis of cellulose acetate using as raw material textile wastes

Materials Today Proceedings ◽

10.1016/j.matpr.2020.01.494 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. S315-S317 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Natália Cândido Homem ◽

Maria Teresa Pessoa Amorim

Keyword(s):

Cellulose Acetate ◽

Raw Material

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Preparation of an Asymmetric Membrane from Sugarcane Bagasse Using DMSO as Green Solvent

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9163347 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (16) ◽

pp. 3347 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nu ◽

Hung ◽

Hoang ◽

Van der Bruggen

Keyword(s):

Cellulose Acetate ◽

Sugarcane Bagasse ◽

Raw Material ◽

Cellulose Derivatives ◽

Asymmetric Membrane ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Water Contact ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Cellulose Acetate Membranes ◽

High Degree

Asymmetric cellulose acetate membranes have been successfully fabricated by phase inversion, using sugarcane bagasse (SB) as the starting material. SB is a raw material with high potential to produce cellulose derivatives due to its structure and morphology. Cellulose was extracted from SB by pretreatment with solutions of 5 wt% NaOH, 0.5 wt% EDTA; then bleached with 2 wt% H2O2. Cellulose acetate (CA) was prepared by the reaction between extracted cellulose with acetic anhydride, and H2SO4 as a catalyst. The obtained CA exhibited a high degree of substitution (2.81), determined with 1H-NMR spectroscopy and titration. The functional groups and thermal analysis of the extracted cellulose and the synthesized CA have been investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The change in the crystallinity of the extracted cellulose and CA was evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy. Asymmetric membranes were fabricated using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the solvent, with a casting thickness of 250 µm. The obtained membranes were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), DSC and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The hydrophilicity of the membranes was evaluated, as demonstrated by the measurement of water contact angle (WCA) and water content. Furthermore, the antifouling properties of membranes were also investigated.

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Investigation on the Preparation of Rice Straw-Derived Cellulose Acetate and Its Spinnability for Electrospinning

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13203463 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (20) ◽

pp. 3463

Author(s):

Juntao Yan ◽

Jinhong Liu ◽

Ya Sun ◽

Guangsen Song ◽

Deng Ding ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cellulose Acetate ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Food Packaging ◽

Alkali Treatment ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Raw Material ◽

Fibrous Membrane ◽

Alkali Concentration ◽

Bleaching Process ◽

Autocatalytic Process

Rice straw-derived cellulose (RSC) with purity of 92 wt.% was successfully extracted from rice straw by a novel and facile strategy, which integrated the C2H5OH/H2O autocatalytic process, dilute alkali treatment and H2O2 bleaching process. Influencing factors of the cellulose extraction were systematically examined, such as ethanol concentration, alkali concentration, H2O2 bleaching process and so on; the optimal extraction conditions of cellulose was determined. A series of rice straw-derived cellulose acetate (RSCA) with different degree of substitution (DS) were prepared by the acetylation reaction; the effects of Ac2O/cellulose ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time on the acetylation reaction were investigated. Results of FTIR and XRD analysis demonstrated that highly purified RSC and RSCA were prepared comparing with the commercial cellulose and cellulose acetate. Solubility analysis of RSCA with different DS indicated as-prepared RSCA with DS of 2.82 possessed the best solubleness, which was suitable for electrospinning. Moreover, the flexible RSCA fibrous membrane was easily fabricated by a facile electrospinning method. Our proposed method provided a strategy for realizing the high-value utilization of waste rice straw resource, as prepared RSC and RSCA can be used as chemical raw material, and electrospun RSCA fibrous membrane has various applications in medical materials, food packaging, water purification and so on.

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Characterization of cellulose acetate functional groups synthesized from corn husk (Zea mays)

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/926/1/012060 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 926 (1) ◽

pp. 012060

Author(s):

R O Asriza ◽

Ropalia ◽

D Humaira ◽

G O Ryaldi ◽

Zomi

Keyword(s):

Cellulose Acetate ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Research Method ◽

Functional Group ◽

Raw Material ◽

Aryl Ether ◽

Corn Husk ◽

Wave Numbers ◽

Good Filtration

Abstract The use of masks is very important to reduce transmission of the COVID 19 virus. Therefore, an innovation is needed from mask materials is that are environmentally friendly, have good filtration quality and have anti-virus agents. An alternative way to provide masks with good filterability using a raw material of cellulose acetate. Cellulose acetate has fibrils that are bonded together so that it can form dense fibers. Fiber is a semipermeable layer that functions as a particle filtration. Therefore, this study aims to get cellulose from corn husks via delignification. The research method consisted of extracting cellulose from corn husks and further synthesizing cellulose acetate. FTIR results showed an absorption peak at wave numbers 3349 cm-1, 1728 cm-1, 1252 cm-1, and 1031 cm-1. These peaks indicated the presence functional groups of OH, C=O, aryl ether, and C-O. This functional group indicates a cellulose acetate compound.

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Preparation, structure, and properties of melt spun cellulose acetate butyrate fibers

Textile Research Journal ◽

10.1177/0040517517703599 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 88 (13) ◽

pp. 1491-1504 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xinhang Wang ◽

Yanping Wang ◽

Yumin Xia ◽

Shuohan Huang ◽

Yimin Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Thermal Degradation ◽

Cellulose Acetate ◽

Melt Spinning ◽

Cellulose Acetate Butyrate ◽

Raw Material ◽

Pseudoplastic Fluid ◽

Initial Modulus ◽

Spinning Process ◽

Acetate Butyrate

The melt spinning of cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) without any additives is realized according to the thermal and rheological properties of cellulose acetate butyrate raw material. Thermogravimetric analysis reveals that thermal degradation of cellulose acetate butyrate occurs at 275℃ in oxygen. Rheological tests show that cellulose acetate butyrate is a strong shear thinning pseudoplastic fluid. The melt viscosity of cellulose acetate butyrate is found to be relatively sensitive to temperature change and cellulose acetate butyrate melt is difficult to flow until the temperature reaches 230℃. However, thermal degradation of cellulose acetate butyrate during spinning cannot be completely avoided even when the spinning temperature is 230℃. The orientation of cellulose acetate butyrate fibers can be improved by increasing the spinning draw ratio during the spinning process or by hot drawing during the drawing process. Crystallization of cellulose acetate butyrate fibers is facilitated by improving molecular orientation. Owing to the improved orientation and crystallinity, the tensile strength and initial modulus of cellulose acetate butyrate fibers are enhanced. The cellulose acetate butyrate fiber achieves the highest degree of orientation and crystallinity by drawing at 135℃, showing the highest tensile strength at 1.42 cN/dtex. Moreover, dyeing experiments show that the cellulose acetate butyrate fiber can be dyed with a disperse dye and the suitable dyeing temperature is in the range of 80∼90℃.

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