scholarly journals Characterization of cellulose acetate functional groups synthesized from corn husk (Zea mays)

2021 ◽  
Vol 926 (1) ◽  
pp. 012060
Author(s):  
R O Asriza ◽  
Ropalia ◽  
D Humaira ◽  
G O Ryaldi ◽  
Zomi
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Aryl Ether ◽  
Corn Husk ◽  
Wave Numbers ◽  
Good Filtration

Abstract The use of masks is very important to reduce transmission of the COVID 19 virus. Therefore, an innovation is needed from mask materials is that are environmentally friendly, have good filtration quality and have anti-virus agents. An alternative way to provide masks with good filterability using a raw material of cellulose acetate. Cellulose acetate has fibrils that are bonded together so that it can form dense fibers. Fiber is a semipermeable layer that functions as a particle filtration. Therefore, this study aims to get cellulose from corn husks via delignification. The research method consisted of extracting cellulose from corn husks and further synthesizing cellulose acetate. FTIR results showed an absorption peak at wave numbers 3349 cm-1, 1728 cm-1, 1252 cm-1, and 1031 cm-1. These peaks indicated the presence functional groups of OH, C=O, aryl ether, and C-O. This functional group indicates a cellulose acetate compound.

Study on Surface Tension and Displacement Efficiency of Ionic Liquid Surfactants Containing Amine Functional Groups

2014 ◽  
Vol 484-485 ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
Xiu Li Zhao ◽  
Chang Bao Zhang ◽  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Guo Qiao Li ◽  
Da Liu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Displacement Efficiency ◽  
Oil Displacement ◽  
Wave Numbers ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer

Description is given to preparation of three ionic liquid surfactants containing amine functional groups, characterization of their functional groups using the infrared spectrometer, determination of their surface tension and the oil displacement test in this paper to investigate the effect of alkane branch chains with different carbon numbers on the surface tension and the displacement efficiency. The result shows that, the surfactants exhibit the structural characteristic of the ionic liquid as the characteristic absorption peaks occur on C-N and C-H of the imidazole rings at the wave numbers of 1338cm-1, 1234cm-1, 1465cm-1 and 3142cm-1, respectively. The surface tension isothermal curves and the oil displacement test proved that the ionic liquid imidazole surfactants with shorter-chain groups are more active on surface, with the minimal surface tension up to 32.5 mN/m, and led to higher displacement efficiency, increasing by 3.3% at the concentration of 1000mg/L compared with the water flooding.

scholarly journals Variation of Iodine Mass and Acetylation Time On Cellulose Acetate Synthesis From Rice Straw

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-233
Author(s):  
Dewi Umaningrum ◽  
Maria Dewi Astuti ◽  
Radna Nurmasari ◽  
Hasanuddin Hasanuddin ◽  
Ani Mulyasuryani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Membrane Material ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Ftir Characterization ◽  
Sensor Field ◽  
Infrared Spectrophotometer

Cellulose acetate is a membrane material that can be used in the sensor field. One source of cellulose acetate is from rice straw. This study aimed to study the effect of iodine mass and acetylation time on cellulose acetate synthesis from rice straw. The initial step is to isolate cellulose from rice straw, followed by cellulose acetate synthesis using iodine catalyst by varying the amount of iodine as much as 0.1-0.3 grams and acetylation time for 1 until 5 hours. The cellulose acetate was characterized using an infrared spectrophotometer, and its viscosity was determined. The result shows that the cellulose 33.63%. The maximum time of cellulose acetate acetylation is 2 hours with a mass of iodine 0.2 g. The yield of cellulose acetate was 14.98%, with an acetyl value of 19.11% and a degree of substitution of 0.89. The cellulose acetate produced has a low viscosity. The FTIR characterization of cellulose acetate shows O-H functional groups at 3333 cm-1, C-H functional groups at ​​2897 cm-1, carbonyl functional groups at 1722 cm-1 C-O functional groups at 1029 cm-1 that were identical in cellulose acetate compounds. The amount of iodine and the acetylation time affected the cellulose acetate product.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Silica From Rice Husks Siam Unus from South Kalimantan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Dwi Rasy Mujiyanti ◽  
Dahlena Ariyani ◽  
Muna Lisa
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
White Rice ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Infra Red

Research on analysis of rice husk content of Siam Unus with various NaOH concentrations (1.0 M; 1.5 M; 2.0 M; 2.5 M; 3.0 M) has been done. This study aims to obtain data on the effect of variations in NaOH concentration on the purity of the silica extract from Siam Unus rice husks and silica characterization of Siam Unus rice husks using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). The results showed that the combustion of rice husks at 200 °C as optimum temperature for 1 hour followed by combustion at 600 °C for 4 hours produces grayish-white rice husks with a yield is 20.70%. Silica functional group characterization showed that silanol (Si-OH) and siloxane (Si-O-Si) as dominant functional groups. The result of composition characterization using XRF showed that SiO2 as the dominant compound with the highest percentage of SiO2 is 1.5 M NaOH extract at 42.80%.

Synthesis and Characterization of Membranes from Cellulose Acetate Derivatives of Corn Husk

2019 ◽  
Vol 818 ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Lucky Setyaningsih ◽  
Harry Priambodo ◽  
Inggar Erfiano ◽  
Sandy Agung ◽  
Rizqi Khrido Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Membrane ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cellulosic Fibers ◽  
Swelling Degree ◽  
Corn Husk ◽  
Crosslinking Process

In this study membranes synthesized using cellulose acetate through chemical crosslinking process with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and dimethylformamide (DMF) acts as crosslinker agent. Cellulose is derived from corn husk, which known as agricultural waste that has potential sources of cellulosic fibers in producing cellulose acetate. The prepared membranes of corn husk cellulose were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction. The effect of various additives and additives concentration were investigated to obtain swelling degree and tensile strength of membranes. Result showed that highest swelling degree of 236% was achieved in the condition of DMF/S 10% w/w. This condition produce cellulose acetate membrane with thickness of 0.074 mm, tensile strength of 27.5kg/cm2 and elongation of 3.5%.

scholarly journals Degradation Study of Biodegradable Plastic Using Nata De Coco as A Filler

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Tiara Nur Elfiana ◽  
Anisa Nur Izza Fitria ◽  
Endaruji Sedyadi ◽  
Susy Yunita Prabawati ◽  
Irwan Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Degradation Study ◽  
Astm Method ◽  
Wave Numbers ◽  
Value Range

Starch is known as a biodegradable raw material that can be degraded by bacteria and microorganisms in the soil. Starch has cellulose which is kind of plant cellulose. This study shows the biodegradation rates of plastic made from Ganyong Canna (Canna edulis Kerr) as a cellulose source which is added with nata de coco as a filler. The biodegradable plastic functional group was confirmed by using FITR. The results show that the O-H group of Ganyong Canna (Canna edulis Kerr) biodegradable plastic is located at wave number 3298.03 cm-1 and shifted to 3290.32 cm-1 after addition of nata de coco. The C-H bonds functional groups in Canna biodegradable plastics and nata de coco plastics are at wave numbers 2920.01 cm-1 and 2916.16 cm-1. While the C-O bonds functional groups in biodegradable starch plastics and nata de coco is shown at wave numbers 995.05 cm-1. The mechanical properties of biodegradable plastics testing are thickness, tensile strength, and elongation based on the ASTM method. The thickness is about 0.1005 mm, the tensile strength of biodegradable plastic is 4,3244 MPa and the elongation value range about 13.9639% while the WVTR range about 14.20 g/m² hours. The results show that the increase of the plastic degradation made from nata de coco occurs between 5% - 38% per days. It is faster than the plastic made from pure Ganyong Canna (Canna edulis Kerr) starch. These results indicate that nata de coco could be added in biodegradable plastic on packaging materials for better degradation.

scholarly journals EKSTRAKSI DAN PENENTUAN GUGUS FUNGSI ASAM HUMAT DARI PUPUK KOTORAN SAPI

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Nurlina Nurlina ◽  
Intan Syahbanu ◽  
Mirna Tersiana Tamnasi ◽  
Chyntia Nabela ◽  
Maria Desi Furnata
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Absorption Method ◽  
Aromatic Components

Cow manure fertilizer was used as raw material for the extraction of humic acid in this research. The aim of this research were  extraction of humic acid from cow manure fertilizer, characterization of functional groups based on FTIR spectra, and determination of humic acid functional groups. Humic acid extraction from cow manure used 0.050 M; 0.100 M; 0.250 M dan 0.500 M KOH solution. A cow manure fertilizer were shaken with KOH solution for 1; 2; 4 and 6 h. The quantitative determination of oxygen-containing functional groups of humic acid was conducted by titrimetri. The FTIR spectrum showed the presence of  –OH group and N-H stretching (bands 3361.46 cm-1); C-H aliphatic for CH2, CH3 (2946.52 cm-1 and 1442.24 cm-1); C=C aromatic components (1626.48 cm-1); COO- symmetric stretching (1521.71 cm-1); C-O stretching from –COOH (1229.74 cm-1). Total acidity value was 500 cmole.kg-1 (Baryta Absorption Method); carboxyl groups content was 250 cmole.kg-1 (Ca-Acetate Method); and phenol (OH) concentration was 250 cmole.kg-1. It can be concluded that humic acid successfully extracted from cow manure fertilizer using 0.250 KOH solution as extractant for 2 h, which has  yield of 4.486% humic acid.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of Zinc metal soap from shea butter (Vitellaria paradoxa)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Amos ◽  
T. E Odetoye ◽  
D. S. Ogunniyi
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Shea Butter ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Vitellaria Paradoxa ◽  
Metal Soap ◽  
Zinc Metal ◽  
Metal Soaps

Zinc metal soaps are of great importance in the manufacture of personal care products and other industrial applications. Variations in the soaps and their properties are usually due to the type of oil used in the synthesis. Shea butter (Vitellaria paradoxa), being a valuable industrial raw material, was investigated for the synthesis of zinc metal soap. Locally obtained shea butter was characterized, refined and used to synthesize metal soap of zinc which was characterized. The zinc soap produced exhibited an off-white appearance, pH of 7.8, non-foaming, and no free alkalinity present. The functional groups in the soap were confirmed by FTIR.

Isolation and characterization of lignins from Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden and Eucalyptus globulus Labill. by enzymatic mild acidolysis (EMAL)

Holzforschung ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Guerra ◽  
Lucian A. Lucia ◽  
Dimitris S. Argyropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Aryl Ether ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
White Fir ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography

Abstract Despite the growing importance of Eucalyptus wood as raw material for pulp and paper, there is a lack of knowledge on the chemistry of their macromolecular components. The present paper addresses this issue by applying the recently developed protocol for isolating enzymatic mild acidolysis lignins (EMAL) from Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus globulus and the softwood species Douglas fir and white fir, which were used for comparative purposes. The structures of EMALs were investigated by quantitative 31P NMR, DFRC/31P NMR (derivatization followed by reductive cleavage followed by quantitative 31P NMR) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Overall, the yields of EMALs isolated from Eucalyptus were higher than those from the softwoods examined. Lignin from E. globulus was found to contain higher contents of arylglycerol-β-aryl ether structures, free phenolic hydroxyl groups and syringyl-type units than lignin from E. grandis. New insights provided by the DFRC/31P NMR revealed that up to 62.2% of arylglycerol-β-aryl ether structures in E. globulus are uncondensed, while in E. grandis the amount of such uncondensed structures was found to be lower than 48%. SEC analyses showed that lignins from E. grandis and softwoods associate in greater extension than lignin from E. globulus.

Application of FT Spectroscopy in the Study of Fungi

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalin Tanase ◽  
Aurel Pui
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Ft Spectroscopy

The present study is devoted to the IR�FT characterization of some fungi species, to the identification of their main functional groups, as well as to emphasize the presence of some toxic substances in the structure of certain sporiferous plants.

Effect of the structure of cellulose acetate membranes on their permeability, electrical conductivity and rejection

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 2933-2939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Hartmut Schwarz ◽  
Vlastimil Kůdela ◽  
Klaus Richau
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Membrane ◽  
Structure Parameters ◽  
Dc Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Membranes

Ultrafiltration cellulose acetate membrane can be transformed by annealing into reverse osmosis membranes (RO type). Annealing brings about changes in structural properties of the membranes, accompanied by changes in their permeability behaviour and electrical properties. Correlations between structure parameters and electrochemical properties are shown for the temperature range 20-90 °C. Relations have been derived which explain the role played by the dc electrical conductivity in the characterization of rejection ability of the membranes in the reverse osmosis, i.e. rRO = (1 + exp (A-B))-1, where exp A and exp B are statistically significant correlation functions of electrical conductivity and salt permeation, or of electrical conductivity and water flux through the membrane, respectively.

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