Experimental and Analytical Studies of Blast Wave Effects on Major Organ Systems of the Body

1986 ◽  
pp. 501-511
Author(s):  
J. H. Stuhmiller
Keyword(s):  
Blast Wave ◽  
The Body ◽  
Analytical Studies ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Major Organ ◽  
Wave Effects

scholarly journals Importance of physical activity during the pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1739-1744
Author(s):  
Shivangi Balwaik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Major Organ ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The City

This year, we are facing a pandemic that has caused a catastrophe in the lives of people all over the world. In December of 2019, an outbreak of a novel coronavirus first emerged in the city of Wuhan which is in Hubei province of China. The virus has been named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the disease as coronavirus disease 2019 because it causes sars and the disease was first discovered in the year 2019. In India though, the first lab-confirmed case of COVID-19 was first reported from the state of Kerala on January 30, 2020. As of March 31, 2020, a total 2,245 number of cases and 56 deaths were reported in India. Pathophysiology: Although this virus usually first invades the lung tissue and respiratory tract and causes pneumonia, and in severe cases, all the major organ systems in the body are impacted negatively causing to systemic failure in certain individuals. Alas, currently, there is no effective treatment for COVID. People with comorbidities, age and pathological sates are more prone to severe infection and finally, death. In this article, the mechanism at the cellular level and effects of COVID-19 to the human body. Factors like age immunity regular physical activity social distancing basic hygiene will be reviewed in this article. The objectives of this article are to first understand how the covid 19 virus affects various organ systems of the body. Then how routine physical activity is helpful in fighting the virus. And finally, what are the various ways in which we adapt routine physical activities in our daily lives during this lowdown and also look at the various physical activities.

FEATURES OF FORMATION OF THE MAIN SYSTEMS AND ORGANS IN EARLY LARVAE OF MULLETS (LIZA AURATA, RISSO, 1810)

2017 ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
Dariya Aleksandrovna Gavrilova ◽  
Maria Pavlovna Grushko
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Early Ontogeny ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Liza Aurata ◽  
Morphological Organization ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Major Organ ◽  
Well Differentiated

The aim of this work was to study peculiarities of mullet morphological organization during early ontogeny. Sample selection was made on board Caspian research and development Institute of Fisheries’ research vessel in period from June to September, 2015 in Russian waters of the Caspian Sea. Larvae aged 10 days could be characterized by heterochrony in the development of major organ systems. Nervous system and sense organs were well developed. The eyeball had all membranes well-differentiated, in the retina all the layers were formed. The olfactory fossae had cells of 3 types: olfactory receptor cells, supporting cells and basal cells. There was observed intensive formation of respiratory, cardiovascular, excretory and digestive systems. The early development of the nervous system and sensory organs of the larvae indicated adaptation of mullet to active life.

Perbedaan Efektivitas Pemberian Origami Dan Playdough Terhadap Perkembangan Pada Anak Prasekolah Kelompok A Di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Kota Kediri

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halimatus Saidah ◽  
Yunida Septiyanty
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Body ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Key Words Development ◽  
Children Development ◽  
Research Show

ABSTRAKPerkembangan (development) adalah bertambahnya kemampuan atau fungsi semua sistem organ tubuh sebagai akibat bertambahnya kematangan atau maturitas fungsi sistem organ tubuh (Dewi, 2013). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbedaan efektivitas pemberian origami dan playdough terhadap perkembangan pada anak prasekolah kelompok A di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal tahun 2018.Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pre eksperiment dengan pendekatan pre-test and post-test Design. Populasi yang diteliti adalah seluruh anak kelompok A di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal berjumlah 56 anak dengan teknik purposive sampling diperoleh sampel 36 responden. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah lembar KPSP. Hasil penelitian kemudian dianalisa dengan menggunakan wilcoxon signed rank.Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukan bahwa perkembangan anak sebelum pelaksanaan pemberian Origami didapatkan setengahnya perkembangan anak meragukan, setelah pelaksanaan didapatkan hampir seluruhnya perkembangan anak sesuai. Perkembangan anak sebelum pelaksanaan pemberian Playdough didapatkan sebagian besar perkembangan anak meragukan, setelah pelaksanaan didapatkan sebagian besar perkembangan anak sesuai. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ada pengaruh pemberian permainan origami dan permainan Playdough terhadap perkembangan anak kelompok A di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Tahun 2018 dengan hasil ρ-value = 0,001 ɑ = 0,05 dari kelompok origami dan ρ-value = 0,007 ɑ = 0,05 dari kelompok playdough, sedangkan hasil analisis perbedaan adanya perbedaan efektivitas pengaruh pemberian permainan origami dan playdough terhadap perkembangan anak pada kelompok A di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Tahun 2018 dengan hasil ρ-value = 0,043 ɑ = 0,05.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan ada pengaruh permainan origami dan playdough terhadap perkembangan anak pada kelompok A di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Tahun 2018. Diharapkan kepada orang tua maupun guru untuk lebih meningkatkan frekuensi dalam memberi stimulus permainan terutama permainan origami yang diberikan kepada anak. Kata Kunci : Perkembangan , Anak Prasekolah,  Origami, Playdough ABSTRACTDevelopment is increasing ability or function of all organ systems of the body as a result of increasing maturity or maturity function of the organ system of the body (Dewi, 2013). The purpose of this research is to know the effectiveness difference of origami and playdough on development in preschoolers group A in Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Kindergarten in 2018.The research design used is research pre eksperiment with approach pre-test dan post-test. The population studied was all group A children in kindergarten Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal amounted to 56 children with purposive sampling technique obtained sample 36 respondents. The research instrument used is KPSP sheet. The results were then analyzed by using wilcoxon signed rank.The results of the research show that the development of children before the implementation of giving Origami found half of child development doubt, after the implementation is obtained almost entirely the child's development accordingly. Child development prior to the implementation of Playdough gift obtained most of the development of children doubt, after the implementation is obtained most of the child's development accordingly.  The results of the analysis show that there is an effect of giving origami game and Playdough game to the child development group A in Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Kindergarten Year 2018 with the result ρ-value = 0.001 ɑ = 0.05 from the origami group and ρ-value = 0.007 ɑ = 0.05 of the playdough group, while the result of difference analysis that is difference between origami and playdough influence to children development in group A diiyah Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Year 2018 with result of ρ-value = 0,043 ɑ = 0,05.Based on the research results can be concluded there is influence of origami and playdough on the development of children in group A in Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Kindergarten Year 2018. Expected to parents and teachers to increase the frequency of giving stimulus especially the origami given to the child. Key Words : Development, children preschool, Origami, Playdough

scholarly journals Congenital Lumbar Hernia in an 8-Month-Old Boy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 431-435
Author(s):  
Mohamed Mansy ◽  
Mostafa Kotb ◽  
Mohamed Abouheba
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Lumbar Hernia ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Operative Repair ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Organ Systems

Congenital lumbar hernias are uncommonly seen in the pediatric age group, with only about 60 cases reported in the literature. It is usually accompanied by a multitude of congenital anomalies involving different organ systems of the body. For instance, it may involve the ribs, spine, muscles, and the kidneys. Herein, we report a case of congenital lumbar hernia in an 8-month-old boy who underwent an operative repair using a mesh with an uneventful outcome.

scholarly journals The thymus and the science of self

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Geenen
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Lymphoid Organ ◽  
The Body ◽  
Effector Cells ◽  
Major Organ ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Essential State ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractThe conventional perception asserts that immunology is the science of ‘discrimination’ between self and non-self. This concept is however no longer tenable as effector cells of the adaptive immune system are first conditioned to be tolerant to the body’s own antigens, collectively known as self until now. Only then attain these effectors the responsiveness to non-self. The acquisition of this essential state of tolerance to self occurs for T cells in the thymus, the last major organ of our body that revealed its intricate function in health and disease. The ‘thymus’ as an anatomical notion was first notably documented in Ancient Greece although our present understanding of the organ’s functions was only deciphered commencing in the 1960s. In the late 1980s, the thymus was identified as the site where clones of cells reactive to self, termed ‘forbidden’ thymocytes, are physically depleted as the result of a process now known as negative selection. The recognition of this mechanism further contributed to the belief that the central rationale of immunology as a science lies in the distinction between self and non-self. This review will discuss the evidence that the thymus serves as a unique lymphoid organ able to instruct T cells to recognize and be tolerant to harmless self before adopting the capacity to defend the body against potentially injurious non-self-antigens presented in the context of different challenges from infections to exposure to malignant cells. The emerging insight into the thymus’ cardinal functions now also provides an opportunity to exploit this knowledge to develop novel strategies that specifically prevent or even treat organ-specific autoimmune diseases.

scholarly journals The Act of Controlling Adult Stem Cell Dynamics: Insights from Animal Models

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
Meera Krishnan ◽  
Sahil Kumar ◽  
Luis Johnson Kangale ◽  
Eric Ghigo ◽  
Prasad Abnave
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Organ Systems

Adult stem cells (ASCs) are the undifferentiated cells that possess self-renewal and differentiation abilities. They are present in all major organ systems of the body and are uniquely reserved there during development for tissue maintenance during homeostasis, injury, and infection. They do so by promptly modulating the dynamics of proliferation, differentiation, survival, and migration. Any imbalance in these processes may result in regeneration failure or developing cancer. Hence, the dynamics of these various behaviors of ASCs need to always be precisely controlled. Several genetic and epigenetic factors have been demonstrated to be involved in tightly regulating the proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal of ASCs. Understanding these mechanisms is of great importance, given the role of stem cells in regenerative medicine. Investigations on various animal models have played a significant part in enriching our knowledge and giving In Vivo in-sight into such ASCs regulatory mechanisms. In this review, we have discussed the recent In Vivo studies demonstrating the role of various genetic factors in regulating dynamics of different ASCs viz. intestinal stem cells (ISCs), neural stem cells (NSCs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and epidermal stem cells (Ep-SCs).

Taxonomic description and 3D modelling of a new species of myzostomid (Annelida, Myzostomida) associated with black corals from Madagascar

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4244 (2) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCAS TERRANA ◽  
IGOR EECKHAUT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Taxonomic Description ◽  
Black Corals ◽  
Organ Systems

Eenymeenymyzostoma nigrocorallium n. sp. is the first species of myzostomid worm associated with black corals to be described. Endoparasitic specimens of E. nigrocorallium were found associated with three species of antipatharians on the Great Reef of Toliara. Individuals inhabit the gastrovascular ducts of their hosts and evidence of infestation is, most of the time, not visible externally. Phylogenetic analyses based on 18S rDNA, 16S rDNA and COI data indicate a close relation to Eenymeenymyzostoma cirripedium, the only other species of the genus. The morphology of E. nigrocorallium is very unusual compared to that of the more conventional E. cirripedium. The new species has five pairs of extremely reduced parapodia located on the body margin and no introvert, cirri or lateral organs. Individuals are hermaphroditic, with the male and female gonads both being located dorsally in the trunk. It also has a highly developed parenchymo-muscular layer on the ventral side, and the digestive system lies in the middle part of the trunk. A three-dimensional digital model of this worm’s body plan has been constructed whereby the external morphology and in toto views of the observed organ systems (nervous, digestive and reproductive) can be viewed on-screen: http://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.17911.21923. 

scholarly journals Understanding mitochondrial myopathies: a review

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhimanyu S. Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Mitochondrial Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
Mitochondrial Myopathies ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
New Research

Mitochondria are small, energy-producing structures vital to the energy needs of the body. Genetic mutations cause mitochondria to fail to produce the energy needed by cells and organs which can cause severe disease and death. These genetic mutations are likely to be in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), or possibly in the nuclear DNA (nDNA). The goal of this review is to assess the current understanding of mitochondrial diseases. This review focuses on the pathology, causes, risk factors, symptoms, prevalence data, symptomatic treatments, and new research aimed at possible preventions and/or treatments of mitochondrial diseases. Mitochondrial myopathies are mitochondrial diseases that cause prominent muscular symptoms such as muscle weakness and usually present with a multitude of symptoms and can affect virtually all organ systems. There is no cure for these diseases as of today. Treatment is generally supportive and emphasizes symptom management. Mitochondrial diseases occur infrequently and hence research funding levels tend to be low in comparison with more common diseases. On the positive side, quite a few genetic defects responsible for mitochondrial diseases have been identified, which are in turn being used to investigate potential treatments. Speech therapy, physical therapy, and respiratory therapy have been used in mitochondrial diseases with variable results. These therapies are not curative and at best help with maintaining a patient’s current abilities to move and function.

On one-dimensional unsteady flow at infinite Mach number

1968 ◽  
Vol 304 (1478) ◽  
pp. 255-273 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Expansion ◽  
Blast Wave ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Viscous Boundary Layer ◽  
Outer Flow ◽  
Hypersonic Speeds ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Viscous Boundary ◽  
Infinite Set

The use of the blast-wave analogy, as an aid to the interpretation of experimental data on the motion of a fluid past an obstacle at hypersonic speeds, has led to the theoretical study of its role in an asymptotic expansion of the solution to the governing equations at large distances downstream of the body. In all attempts to set up such an expansion it has proved necessary to divide the flow régime into two parts, an outer part dominated by the blast wave and an inner part consisting of streamlines which, originally, pass close by the body. The matching of these two regions is apparently only possible if a certain integral vanishes. In the present paper a numerical integration, in one particular set of circumstances, is carried out to test the validity of the asymptotic expansion proposed. Formally, an unsteady problem is tackled, for ease of computation, but the steady analogue follows immediately and is of exactly the form discussed in the earlier investigations. It is found that the main results are in line with the theory and that the integral in question is indistinguishable from zero. However, a deeper investigation of the asymptotic expansion shows that, for an expansion of the type envisaged, an infinite set of integrals must each vanish. The next integral does not appear to be zero according to our computations but this result is not believed to be conclusive. Assuming that all the integrals do vanish, then it appears that the inner layer, which although inviscid, has many of the characteristics of a viscous boundary layer, has the addi­tional, surprising property that it can exert no direct influence on the outer flow at large distances downstream of the body.

scholarly journals Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease: An Overview of the Clinical Approach to Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Saurabh Nimesh ◽  
Md. Iftekhar Ahmad ◽  
Shikhka Dhama ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Novel Approaches

The systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), commonly known as Lupus, is a rare and complex multisystem autoimmune disease where one’s immune system is overactive, and the body attacks its organ systems. SLE is a historically old disease described already in antiquity; it is an example of a chronic disease with physical, psychological, financial, and social implications for individuals diagnosed. It has inspired medical and basic biological scientists that focus on molecular biology, basic immunology, immunopathology, clinical science, genetics, and epidemiology. The syndrome is real in its existence-although hidden behind obstacles, cumbersome for patients and clinicians, and rebellious for scientists. There is currently no cure for SLE. The goal of treatment is to ease symptoms. This article will review information on the general approach to SLE therapy, focusing on currently approved therapies and novel approaches that might be used in the future.

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