Soil Microorganisms and Quality of the Coffee Beverage

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-147
Author(s):  
Paulo Prates Júnior ◽  
Tomás Gomes Reis Veloso ◽  
Marliane de Cássia Soares da Silva ◽  
José Maria Rodrigues da Luz ◽  
Sabrina Feliciano Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Microorganisms

Community-level responses of metabolically-active soil microorganisms to the quantity and quality of substrate inputs

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 841-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Pennanen ◽  
S. Caul ◽  
T.J. Daniell ◽  
B.S. Griffiths ◽  
K. Ritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Community Level

scholarly journals Impacto, em curto prazo, dos antibióticos amoxicilina e doxiciclina na qualidade microbiana de um Latossolo Vermelho-amarelo (Short-term impact of the antibiotics amoxicillin and doxycycline on the microbial quality of a Red-yellow Latosol)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1340
Author(s):  
Luiz Gustavo Paulon Rezende ◽  
Márcia Matiko Kondo ◽  
Rogério Melloni
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
Environmental Matrices ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Keywords Antibiotics ◽  
The Impact

Concentrações residuais de antibióticos de uso compartilhado pela terapia médica humana e veterinária são cada vez mais frequentes nos mais variados tipos de matrizes ambientais; no entanto, pouco se sabe sobre o impacto que esses fármacos podem acarretar aos microrganismos do solo. Sendo assim, perturbações relacionadas à exposição da microbiota de um latossolo vermelho-amarelo brasileiro a dois antibacterianos, a amoxicilina (AMOX) e a doxiciclina (DOX), foram investigadas por meio da determinação de atividade (mg CO2) e biomassa (Cmic) microbianas, juntamente com o quociente metabólico (qCO2), em amostras de solo que receberam as seguintes concentrações desses compostos: 0,03, 0,3, 3,0, 30 e 300 mg L-1. Os resultados mostraram diferentes efeitos sobre a microbiota e de forma específica para cada antibiótico. A AMOX mostrou-se mais impactante para os microrganismos do solo, com redução da biomassa e aumento do qCO2, enquanto que a DOX reduziu a atividade microbiana, mas sem efeito na biomassa e qCO2.A B S T R A C TThe residual concentrations of antibiotics used by human and veterinary medical therapy are increasingly common in a wide range of environmental matrices, nevertheless little is known about the impact of these drugs on to the soil microorganisms. Therefore, disturbances related to the exposure of the microbiota of a Brazilian Red-yellow Latosol to two antibacterials, amoxicillin (AMOX) and doxycycline (DOX), were investigated through the determination of the microbial activity (mg CO2) and biomass (Cmic), among with the metabolic quotient (qCO2), using soil samples spiked with: 0,03, 0,3, 3,0, 30 and 300 mg L-1 of each drug. The results showed different effects on the microbiota and in a specific way for each antibiotic. The AMOX showed higher impact impacting for the soil microorganisms, with reduction of the biomass and increase of the qCO2, whereas the DOX reduced the microbial activity, but showed no effect in the biomass and qCO2.Keywords: Antibiotics. Amoxicillin. Doxycycline. Bioindicators. Latosols.

scholarly journals Peranan Kompos Sampah Pasar Dengan Bioaktivator Mol Dan Trichoderma Terhadap Peningkatan Sifat Biologi Tanah Bekas Tambang Batubara

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Roro Kesumaningwati ◽  
Nurul Puspita Palupi
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Soil Fauna ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Open Land

The former coal mines experienced biological changes that caused biodiversity loss compared to natural ecosystems. Habitats decline dramatically when changes from natural ecosystems to open land occur. The frequency of land processing due to land reclamation activities has a major impact on soil organisms. Coal mining activities result in a decrease in the population of microorganisms and the activity of soil fauna, mainly due to changes in soil temperature, humidity, and the amount and quality of organic matter. This research was conducted for 1 (one) fiscal year. This research includes the making of microorganism solutions, Trichoderma enrichment, composting from market waste with bioactivator moles and trichoderma, incubating ex-coal mine land by utilizing compost, and analyzing the total population of soil microorganisms. The results showed that 1. There was an increase in the population of microorganisms in the soil that were applied to market waste compost, 2. Mushrooms found on ex-coal mine land that were applied with market waste compost with Trichoderma bioactivator, and banana weed MOL were: Aspergillus, Trichoderma, Fusarium, Mucor, Phytium, and Gliocladium, while the bacteria found were basil gram (-) Azotobacteraceae and cocci gram (-) Azotobacteraceae.

scholarly journals Improving Productivity of Traditional Andean Small Farmers by Bio-Rational Soil Management: I. The Potato Case

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-290
Author(s):  
J. Franco ◽  
G. Main ◽  
O. Navia ◽  
N. Ortuño ◽  
J. Herbas
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Andean Potato ◽  
Chemical Pesticides ◽  
Considerable Damage

The use of chemical pesticides in agriculture demands high investments; its in discriminated and inadequate application to obtain immediate crop response has caused considerable damage to the environment and human health, either due to a direct effect or indirect contamination of farmer fields and water sources by highly toxic products. On the other hand, as a result of soil fertility losses, farmers move to new areas for farming, causing a complex migration phenomena and devastation of natural forests. In an effort to find new alternatives for the management of crop pests compatible with the environment and agro-ecologically friendly, some technologies recently developed have been offered to small Andean potato farmers. Among these, the recycling of organic residues and the management of natural soil microorganisms which are important alternatives to reduce the importation and use of toxic agro-chemicals as well as to preserve and recuperate soil fertility and thus reach a sustainable potato production by Andean farmers. This will not only guarantee food security, but will also have favorable impact on the yield and quality of potato and other crops.Accepted for publication: December 28, 2011

Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
K. T. Tokuyasu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ultrathin Frozen Sections ◽  
Definition Of

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

Lithography below 100 nm

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
L. D. Jackel
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Electron Beam Lithography ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Local Electron ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Positive Resist ◽  
Exposure Process

Most production electron beam lithography systems can pattern minimum features a few tenths of a micron across. Linewidth in these systems is usually limited by the quality of the exposing beam and by electron scattering in the resist and substrate. By using a smaller spot along with exposure techniques that minimize scattering and its effects, laboratory e-beam lithography systems can now make features hundredths of a micron wide on standard substrate material. This talk will outline sane of these high- resolution e-beam lithography techniques.We first consider parameters of the exposure process that limit resolution in organic resists. For concreteness suppose that we have a “positive” resist in which exposing electrons break bonds in the resist molecules thus increasing the exposed resist's solubility in a developer. Ihe attainable resolution is obviously limited by the overall width of the exposing beam, but the spatial distribution of the beam intensity, the beam “profile” , also contributes to the resolution. Depending on the local electron dose, more or less resist bonds are broken resulting in slower or faster dissolution in the developer.

Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-315
Author(s):  
G. Lehmpfuhl
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Crystal Surface ◽  
Diffraction Spot ◽  
Crystal Thickness ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Microscopic Investigations

Introduction In electron microscopic investigations of crystalline specimens the direct observation of the electron diffraction pattern gives additional information about the specimen. The quality of this information depends on the quality of the crystals or the crystal area contributing to the diffraction pattern. By selected area diffraction in a conventional electron microscope, specimen areas as small as 1 µ in diameter can be investigated. It is well known that crystal areas of that size which must be thin enough (in the order of 1000 Å) for electron microscopic investigations are normally somewhat distorted by bending, or they are not homogeneous. Furthermore, the crystal surface is not well defined over such a large area. These are facts which cause reduction of information in the diffraction pattern. The intensity of a diffraction spot, for example, depends on the crystal thickness. If the thickness is not uniform over the investigated area, one observes an averaged intensity, so that the intensity distribution in the diffraction pattern cannot be used for an analysis unless additional information is available.

Observability of Very Thick Specimen by Using Transmission Scanning Electron Microscope

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
K. Shibatomi ◽  
T. Yamanoto ◽  
H. Koike
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Image Contrast ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Thick Specimen ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the observation of a thick specimen by means of a transmission electron microscope, the intensity of electrons passing through the objective lens aperture is greatly reduced. So that the image is almost invisible. In addition to this fact, it have been reported that a chromatic aberration causes the deterioration of the image contrast rather than that of the resolution. The scanning electron microscope is, however, capable of electrically amplifying the signal of the decreasing intensity, and also free from a chromatic aberration so that the deterioration of the image contrast due to the aberration can be prevented. The electrical improvement of the image quality can be carried out by using the fascionating features of the SEM, that is, the amplification of a weak in-put signal forming the image and the descriminating action of the heigh level signal of the background. This paper reports some of the experimental results about the thickness dependence of the observability and quality of the image in the case of the transmission SEM.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document