Small Electric Vehicles—Benefits and Drawbacks for Sustainable Urban Development

Small Electric Vehicles ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-65843-4_1 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 3-15

Author(s):

Amelie Ewert ◽

Mascha Brost ◽

Stephan Schmid

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Electric Vehicles ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Online Survey ◽

Environmental Benefits ◽

Sustainable Urban Development ◽

Maximum Speed ◽

Passenger Cars ◽

Urban Quality Of Life ◽

The One

AbstractSmall electric vehicles (SEVs) have the potential to contribute to climate protection, efficient land use, and mitigation of air pollution in cities. Even though, they show many benefits that could enhance urban quality of life, they are not yet widely used. In this paper, benefits as well as drawbacks for these vehicles are discussed by combining literature research and outcomes of a mixed-method approach with expert interviews and an online survey. Resulting from these arguments, a vision for SEVs in urban areas is drawn showing them integrated in a mix of various transport modes. Environmental benefits are derived, for example, from their lower weight and low maximum speed making them a more energy-efficient transport option than heavier cars. Additionally, the small vehicle size lowers land use for SEVs and, e.g., allows for less parking areas needed. However, they also hold constraints that need to be dealt with in different ways. On the one hand, the lower safety compared to passenger cars is an issue that is further worsened by current traffic regulations. On the other hand, costs in terms of purchase prices seem to be an issue for SEVs.

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Coupling Analysis of Urban Land Use Benefits: A Case Study of Xiamen City

Land ◽

10.3390/land9050155 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 155

Author(s):

Xuanming Ji ◽

Kun Wang ◽

Tao Ji ◽

Yihua Zhang ◽

Kun Wang

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Urban Land ◽

Urban Land Use ◽

Environmental Benefits ◽

Sustainable Urban Development ◽

Positive Trend ◽

Entropy Weight ◽

Xiamen City ◽

The Government ◽

Coordination Degree

The high coupling coordination of urban land use benefits is a significant factor for urbanization and sustainable urban development. This study, based on the statistical data from 2002 to 2017 of Xiamen City, constructs an index system that includes social, economic, ecological, and environmental benefits by evaluating the overall coupling coordination degree of land use benefits, using the entropy weight method (EWM), the coupling coordination degree (CCD) model, and the dynamic coupling coordination degree (DCCD) model. The results show that the coupling degree of Xiamen City’s land use is relatively low, while showing a positive trend of development. In terms of the management of land use, the market should play a major role to achieve more efficient land use and promote industrial upgrading. The government should take responsibility for supplying infrastructure, perfecting related laws and regulations, intervening the land use according to the law of markets, and expanding the investment in education, as well as science and technology.

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Urban Agriculture: Search for Agricultural Practice in Urbanized Rural Areas

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v5i12.1461-1469.1432 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

pp. 1461

Author(s):

Celile Özçiçek Dölekoğlu ◽

Sema Gün

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Urban Agriculture ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Environmental Benefits ◽

Agricultural Practice ◽

Rapid Urbanization ◽

The World ◽

The One

Rapid urbanization in developing countries involves unplanned migration, unemployment and poverty. The steady shrinking of rural areas and the use of agricultural land for other purposes are progressively increasing the pressure on natural resources. This development on the one hand increases the risk to food security, and on the other triggers climate change. The rural population who migrate to the cities or who are absorbed into urban areas continue their agricultural activities in the urban in order to provide themselves with an income or to maintain their food security. In the big cities of the developed world, contact with nature is kept by means of hobby gardens, recreational areas and urban and suburban plant and animal farming, and creative ideas such as roof gardens can be found. This development, known as urban agriculture, is practiced by 800 million people in the world. Urban agriculture has many economic, social and environmental benefits, but it may also have risks and adverse effects. In this study, the developments in this area in Turkey and the world are presented, and all aspects of its effects and outcomes are discussed.

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Application of the SWAT model in the Pinios river basin under different land-use scenarios

Global NEST Journal ◽

10.30955/gnj.000277 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 71-79 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Swat Model ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Time Step ◽

Pinios River ◽

Monthly Runoff ◽

The One ◽

Main Components

This paper investigates the hydrological effects of specific land use changes in a catchment of the river Pinios in Thessaly (Ali Efenti catchment), through the application of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) on a monthly time step. The model's calibration efficiency is verified by comparing the simulated and observed discharge time series at the outlet of the watershed, where long series of hydrometrical data exist. The model is used to simulate the main components of the hydrologic cycle, in order to study the effects of land use changes. Three land use change scenarios are examined, namely (A) expansion of agricultural land, (B) complete deforestation of the Trikala sub-basin and (C) expansion of urban areas in the Trikala sub-basin. All three scenarios resulted in an increase in discharge during wet months and a decrease during dry periods. The deforestation scenario was the one that resulted in the greatest modification of total monthly runoff.

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INVESTIGATING URBAN GROWTH BOUNDARY AS MECHANISM TO PLAN FOR SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT

PLANNING MALAYSIA JOURNAL ◽

10.21837/pm.v19i18.1050 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

Author(s):

Narimah Samat ◽

Mohd Amirul Mahamud ◽

Mohammad Javad Maghsoodi Tilaki ◽

Mohd Azmeer Abu Bakar ◽

Leong Tan Mou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Urban Development ◽

Urban Growth ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Online Survey ◽

Sustainable Urban Development ◽

Urban Growth Boundary ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

Urban encroachment into the peri-urban areas has blurred the borders between urban and rural areas. Thus, the urban growth boundary (UGB) has been used to encourage the sustainable development of cities and improve long-term planning efficiency. Studying the understanding of the UGB concept in ensuring sustainable development in Malaysia would be beneficial. This study aimed to investigate the perception and understanding of the UGB concept and function to achieve sustainable urban development. An online survey was conducted involving 82 experts, which comprised planners from PLANMalaysia and academicians in the field of urban planning. Results indicated that the perception of the UGB score was significantly greater by 1.16 than the normal score of 3, which indicated that the experts agreed that UGB could improve the urban development. The findings also indicated that the existing planning policy and inclusion of UGB had protected agricultural and natural land; however, stricter and tighter borderless development should be conducted.

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Adoption Intention Model of Electric Vehicle in Indonesia

Jurnal Optimasi Sistem Industri ◽

10.25077/josi.v19.n1.p70-81.2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 70

Author(s):

Martha Widhi Dela Utami ◽

Yuniaristanto Yuniaristanto ◽

Wahyudi Sutopo

Keyword(s):

Electric Vehicle ◽

Electric Vehicles ◽

Online Survey ◽

Maximum Speed ◽

Road Transportation ◽

Intention To Adopt ◽

General Plan ◽

Incentive Policies ◽

The Government ◽

Adoption Intention

Indonesia’s government was targeting the adoption of 2.1 million units of two-wheeled electric vehicles and 2,200 units of four-wheeled electric vehicles in 2025 through the Republic of Indonesia's Presidential Regulation No. 22 in 2017 about the National Energy General Plan. In 2019, the Government of Indonesia issued Presidential Regulation No. 55 in 2019 concerning the Acceleration of the Battery Electric Vehicle Program for Road Transportation. In 2018, the adoption of two-wheeled electric vehicles only reached 0.14% of the government's target for 2025. Therefore, the adoption of Electric Motorcycle (EM) technology must also consider many factors to be successful. This research develops a non-behavioral electric vehicle adoption intention model. The factors include sociodemographic, financial, technological, and macro-level. The online survey involved 1,223 respondents. Logistic regression is used to obtain the function and probability value of intention to adopt EM in Indonesia. Frequency of sharing on social media, level of environmental awareness, purchase prices, maintenance costs, maximum speed, battery charging time, availability of charging station infrastructure at work, availability of home power based- charging infrastructure, purchase incentive policies, and charging cost discount incentive policies are significantly influencing the intention to adopt electric vehicles. It also shows that the opportunity for Indonesians to adopt electric motorcycles reaches 82.90%. The realization of the adoption of electric motorcycles in Indonesia requires infrastructure readiness and costs that can be accepted by consumers. Lastly, the results of this research provide some suggestions for the government and businesses to accelerate electric motorcycle adoption in Indonesia.

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Small and Light Electric Vehicles: An Analysis of Feasible Transport Impacts and Opportunities for Improved Urban Land Use

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12198098 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (19) ◽

pp. 8098

Author(s):

Amelie Ewert ◽

Mascha Brost ◽

Christine Eisenmann ◽

Sylvia Stieler

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Electric Vehicles ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Urban Land Use ◽

Political Support ◽

Transport Sector ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Climate Protection ◽

Sustainable Mobility ◽

Technology Application

Improvements in battery technology have resulted in small and light electric vehicles (LEVs) appearing on the market in Europe since 2011—however, their market share is still comparatively low. Low energy requirements and small size can potentially contribute to sustainable mobility in terms of climate protection and reduced local emissions. Our study evaluates how three-wheeled and four-wheeled vehicles, categorised as L-Class according to Regulation (EU) No 168/2013, can contribute to more efficient use of space in urban areas. Evaluations of expert interviews, an extensive literature research, and analyses of the German national household travel survey (MiD) serve as the basis of the study. First, the substitution potential of trips through LEVs is explored using MiD data. Our findings show that between 17% and 49% of trips made and 6% to 30% of the distance covered by private trips can theoretically be substituted by LEVs. Thus, reorganisation of current land use offers potential and additionally, LEVs are an attractive and sustainable addition to other means of transport and contribute to achieving the climate protection goals of the transport sector. Due to the fact that technology application is restricted by travel behaviour and political support, our study discusses possible support by public bodies towards sustainable mobility. Here, the promotion of LEVs in combination with restrictive measures for cars is necessary.

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Impact of Different Charging Strategies of Electric Vehicles on the German Grid

ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, Volume 1 ◽

10.1115/es2010-90492 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Niklas Hartmann ◽

E. Doruk O¨zdemir

Keyword(s):

Electric Vehicles ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Electricity Consumption ◽

High Availability ◽

Passenger Cars ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The One ◽

The Impact ◽

Charging Strategy ◽

Hourly Basis

In this paper the impact of different utilization scenarios of electric vehicles on the German grid is analyzed. Two different charging strategies are tested. Firstly the impact of unmanaged charging of electric vehicles on the national grid is simulated. Secondly charging and usage of the mobile storage in off-peak times is simulated. An important part of the simulation is to analyse the availability of electric vehicles. This part determines the percentage of vehicles, which can be plugged into the grid on hourly basis for all days of a typical week. The analysis of the availability of vehicles shows an overall high availability of plug-in electric passenger cars in Germany. A significant difference in the characteristics between weekdays, Saturdays and Sundays is evident. A high potential to use electric passenger cars for balancing the fluctuating renewable energy can be presumed, on the one hand due to the high availability of electric vehicles and on the other hand due to the large number of vehicles being plugged into the grid in the evening hours for which charging could be delayed into the night. In conclusion the simulation shows that with an unmanaged charging strategy the fluctuations of the demand increase above average assuming a rising number of electric vehicles introduced in Germany. If the whole vehicle fleet is substituted by electric vehicles, the national electricity consumption would increase only by about 18%. Concurrently the fluctuations of the national demand in Germany would almost double. However with an optimized charging strategy, a positive impact of the usage of the mobile storage on the national grid (reduction of fluctuations) can be recognized. Thereby the electric vehicles can be charged completely during the night, when the electricity consumption is low.

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Small Electric Vehicles in Commercial Transportation: Empirical Study on Acceptance, Adoption Criteria and Economic and Ecological Impact on a Company Level

Small Electric Vehicles ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-65843-4_6 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 69-83

Author(s):

Tim Hettesheimer ◽

Cornelius Moll ◽

Kerstin Jeßberger ◽

Saskia Franz

Keyword(s):

Electric Vehicles ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Online Survey ◽

Service Providers ◽

Ecological Impact ◽

Logistics Service Providers ◽

Multi Method Approach ◽

A Company ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Method Approach

AbstractSmall electric vehicles (SEVs) in commercial transportation have the potential to reduce traffic and its impacts, especially in urban areas. Companies, however, are still reluctant to implement SEVs. Therefore, the aim of this contribution is to shed light on the acceptance of motives for and obstacles to the use of SEVs in commercial transportation. Since the use of SEVs is often discussed in the context of innovative city logistics concepts, such as micro-hubs, our aim is also, to explore the acceptance, economic, and ecological potentials of SEVs in combination with micro-hubs. We use a multi-method approach and combine an online survey with in-depth interviews as well as a total cost of ownership (TCO) and CO2 calculation. Analyzing 350 responses to an online survey revealed that around half the companies surveyed have no knowledge of SEVs. This implies high unexploited potential, since 25% of these companies can imagine using them. In-depth interviews with logistics service providers (LSPs) or logistics departments from different sectors revealed that six of the 13 interviewed LSPs would be willing to implement this concept.

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Urban land use planning within the system of sustainable urban development management

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201911002001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 110 ◽

pp. 02001 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Boris Bondarev ◽

Sergey Nosov ◽

Oleg Antipov ◽

Lusine Papikian

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Urban Development ◽

Land Use Planning ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Urban Land ◽

Urban Land Use ◽

Sustainable Urban Development ◽

Development Management ◽

Forest Lands

Agricultural and forest lands near settlements are main reserve for expansion of urban areas. Thus, among 148.5 thousand hectares of lands added to Moscow city territory in 2012, 72.2 thousand hectares or 48% were occupied by agricultural and forest lands. Urban areas are characterized by excessively high intensity of land use, land depletion, deterioration in environmental quality and decline in sustainability of urban development. The paper presents the results of analysis of urban land use planning system in the interests of sustainable development of urban territories. The object of the study is the land that is part of Moscow, which is planned to be developed in the coming decades. The authors propose an algorithm for urban development of such areas, which takes into account the quality of land. Design calculations for areas under development were carried out for Shchapovskoye settlement in New Moscow as an example. In addition, the paper covers aspects of land management when developing agricultural land within cities. The authors developed a classification of agricultural land according to a criterion of “suitability for urban development”. The suggested classification has been applied to achieve the objectives of planning urban land use development, determining the order of construction on agricultural lands within the system of sustainable urban development management.

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THE CITY UTILIZATION MANAGEMENT CASE STUDY OF LAND USE DYNAMICS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN BANDAR LAMPUNG CITY

Spirit Publik: Jurnal Administrasi Publik ◽

10.20961/sp.v10i2.904 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 153

Author(s):

Bambang Utoyo S.

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Land Use ◽

Population Growth ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Market Mechanism ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Trigger Factor ◽

Sustainable Urban Development ◽

Location Quotient ◽

The City

In the future, the urban area will be the area that gets more complex, covered by a variety of social, economic and environment arising from population growth in the region and in line with the dynamics of globalization, democratization and decentralization. The purposes of this study is to describe and analyze the dynamics of land use and growth in the area for 1 (one) a decade in Bandar Lampung. This research is a descriptive study using documentation for secondary data obtained from the BPS at two (2) different time points (t0 and t1). The analysis model used to assess the focus of research using quantitative analysis Location Quotient (LQ) and Shift-Share Analysis (SSA). The results showed that: (1) During a decade in Bandar Lampung has occurred the utilization land for industrial use; settlements and services were increasingly widespread. While the use of land that is not cultivated; swamps and forests tend to be diminishing at a rate; patterns and impact varied in each parts of the city; (2) For almost a decade of economic growth in Bandar Lampung supported by sectors of the economy outside agriculture and mining and quarrying. While in the long term competitiveness of economic growth in the city was supported by the agricultural sector; Non-oil processing industry; and finance, leasing and services company. And the third (3) factors of economic growth, population growth and government policy in the form of spatial planning as well as the entry into force of the market mechanism was a trigger factor that reflected changes in land use in urban areas. The suggestions and recommendations as well as follow up on the policy implications that can be done in Bandar Lampung, including : changing the necessary incentives and dis-incentives policy in controlling land utilization, giving the opportunity cost that owned land resources, both economic and non -economic. Additionally, in efforts to achieve sustainable urban development, expansion of public access required in determining the allocation of land use and the provision of public space is increasingly widespread and qualified as a form of services provided by the municipality to citizens.

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