Controlled Delivery and Reduced Side Effects of Anticancer Drugs Complexed with Polymeric Nanocarrier

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-147
Author(s):  
Lesya Kobylinska ◽  
Nataliya Mitina ◽  
Alexander Zaichenko ◽  
Rostyslav Stoika
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Controlled Delivery ◽  
Polymeric Nanocarrier

Hybrid Compounds & Oxidative Stress Induced Apoptosis in Cancer Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (13) ◽  
pp. 2118-2132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysegul Hanikoglu ◽  
Hakan Ozben ◽  
Ferhat Hanikoglu ◽  
Tomris Ozben
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Hybrid Compounds ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

: Elevated Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generated by the conventional cancer therapies and the endogenous production of ROS have been observed in various types of cancers. In contrast to the harmful effects of oxidative stress in different pathologies other than cancer, ROS can speed anti-tumorigenic signaling and cause apoptosis of tumor cells via oxidative stress as demonstrated in several studies. The primary actions of antioxidants in cells are to provide a redox balance between reduction-oxidation reactions. Antioxidants in tumor cells can scavenge excess ROS, causing resistance to ROS induced apoptosis. Various chemotherapeutic drugs, in their clinical use, have evoked drug resistance and serious side effects. Consequently, drugs having single-targets are not able to provide an effective cancer therapy. Recently, developed hybrid anticancer drugs promise great therapeutic advantages due to their capacity to overcome the limitations encountered with conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Hybrid compounds have advantages in comparison to the single cancer drugs which have usually low solubility, adverse side effects, and drug resistance. This review addresses two important treatments strategies in cancer therapy: oxidative stress induced apoptosis and hybrid anticancer drugs.

Anti-Diarrheal Drug Repositioning in Tumour Cell Cytotoxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1037-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihene Elloumi-Mseddi ◽  
Dhouha Msalbi ◽  
Raouia Fakhfakh ◽  
Sami Aifa
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Tumour Cell ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Drug Repositioning ◽  
Brdu Incorporation ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Mcf 7

Background:Drug repositioning is becoming an ideal strategy to select new anticancer drugs. In particular, drugs treating the side effects of chemotherapy are the best candidates.Objective:In this present work, we undertook the evaluation of anti-tumour activity of two anti-diarrheal drugs (nifuroxazide and rifaximin).Methods:Anti-proliferative effect against breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and T47D) was assessed by MTT analysis, the Brdu incorporation, mitochondrial permeability and caspase-3 activity.Results:Both the drugs displayed cytotoxic effects on MCF-7, T47D and MDA-MB-231 cells. The lowest IC50 values were obtained on MCF-7 cells after 24, 48 and 72 hours of treatment while T47D and MDA-MB-231 were more resistant. The IC50 values on T47D and MDA-MB-231 cells became significantly low after 72 hours of treatment showing a late cytotoxicity effect especially of nifuroxazide but still less important than that of MCF-7 cells. According to the IC50 values, the non-tumour cell line HEK293 seems to be less sensitive to cytotoxicity especially against rifaximin. Both the drugs have shown an accumulation of rhodamine 123 as a function of the rise of their concentrations while the Brdu incorporation decreased. Despite the absence of a significant difference in the cell cycle between the treated and non-treated MCF-7 cells, the caspase-3 activity increased with the drug concentrations rise suggesting an apoptotic effect.Conclusion:Nifuroxazide and rifaximin are used to overcome the diarrheal side effect of anticancer drugs. However, they have shown to be anti-tumour drugs which make them potential dual effective drugs against cancer and the side effects of chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Polymer-Drug Conjugate, a Potential Therapeutic to Combat Breast and Lung Cancer

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibusiso Alven ◽  
Xhamla Nqoro ◽  
Buhle Buyana ◽  
Blessing A. Aderibigbe
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Drug Conjugates ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
High Death Rate ◽  
High Death ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Polymer Drug Conjugates

Cancer is a chronic disease that is responsible for the high death rate, globally. The administration of anticancer drugs is one crucial approach that is employed for the treatment of cancer, although its therapeutic status is not presently satisfactory. The anticancer drugs are limited pharmacologically, resulting from the serious side effects, which could be life-threatening. Polymer drug conjugates, nano-based drug delivery systems can be utilized to protect normal body tissues from the adverse side effects of anticancer drugs and also to overcome drug resistance. They transport therapeutic agents to the target cell/tissue. This review article is based on the therapeutic outcomes of polymer-drug conjugates against breast and lung cancer.

One-pot synthesis of acid-degradable polyphosphazene prodrugs for efficient tumor chemotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (46) ◽  
pp. 10540-10548
Author(s):  
Na Zhou ◽  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Zhe Zhi ◽  
Xunan Jing ◽  
Daomeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
One Pot ◽  
One Pot Synthesis

In order to improve the therapeutic efficacy and reduce the side effects of anticancer drugs, pH sensitive and biodegradable polyphosphazene prodrugs were prepared.

scholarly journals A Review on New Trends in Preparation of Long Acting Microspheres

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 192-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prateek Pathak ◽  
Sarvesh Paliwal
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Release Profile ◽  
Controlled Delivery ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Biodegradation Rate ◽  
Dose Frequency ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Wide Size Distribution

The Purpose of designing sustained or controlled delivery systems has always been to bring down the dose frequency that offers better patient compliance & reduced side effects Microspheres have shown to reduce the dose, side effects, frequency of administration and possibility of dose dumping, therefore increased patient compliance. There are several methods of preparation for microspheres, slight variation in basic method can produce numerous changes in final outcome. However various problems are still not resolved with these methods like wide size distribution & poor repeatability. Biodegradation rate of the microspheres in controlled by the composition of the microspheres and consecutively affects the release profile of drug, i.e. PGA, PLA and PCL have hydrolytic degradation role in order of PGA>PLA>>PCL.     Keywords: controlled delivery, microspheres, patient compliance

scholarly journals The Therapeutic Efficacy of Dendrimer and Micelle Formulations for Breast Cancer Treatment

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1212
Author(s):  
Sibusiso Alven ◽  
Blessing Atim Aderibigbe
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Drug Toxicity ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Drug Bioavailability

Breast cancer is among the most common types of cancer in women and it is the cause of a high rate of mortality globally. The use of anticancer drugs is the standard treatment approach used for this type of cancer. However, most of these drugs are limited by multi-drug resistance, drug toxicity, poor drug bioavailability, low water solubility, poor pharmacokinetics, etc. To overcome multi-drug resistance, combinations of two or more anticancer drugs are used. However, the combination of two or more anticancer drugs produce toxic side effects. Micelles and dendrimers are promising drug delivery systems that can overcome the limitations associated with the currently used anticancer drugs. They have the capability to overcome drug resistance, reduce drug toxicity, improve the drug solubility and bioavailability. Different classes of anticancer drugs have been loaded into micelles and dendrimers, resulting in targeted drug delivery, sustained drug release mechanism, increased cellular uptake, reduced toxic side effects of the loaded drugs with enhanced anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo. This review article reports the biological outcomes of dendrimers and micelles loaded with different known anticancer agents on breast cancer in vitro and in vivo.

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