Antiparasitic Activity of Single Solanum ferox Extract and Concoction with Zingiber zerumbet and Boesenbergia pandurata Extracts to Control Argulus sp. on Goldfish (Cyprinus carpio)

Argulus is an ectoparasite that frequently infects goldfish, with severe effects and a high death rate. The use of plant extracts has been widely reported to have antiparasitic activities, including one of the solasodine compounds in sour eggplant extracts. This research evaluated the antiparasitic activities of Compositions A (Solanum ferox and Zingiber zerumbet extract at 400 and 200 ppm, respectively), B (SFE and Boesenbergia pandurata at 900 ppm), and C (single Solanum ferox at 400 ppm). The research stages comprised 1) isolation and analysis of solasodine content in sour eggplant extracts and its extract composition, 2) in vitro antiparasitic activities on Argulus sp. at doses of 50 and 100 ppm with a testing time of 60–240 minutes, and 3) in vivo antiparasitic activities on Argulus sp. on goldfish at a dose of 100 ppm and observation for 2–12 hours of medication. The results showed that sour eggplant extracts had a solasodine concentration of 7.151 mg/L, whereas the derivative compositions A, B, and C were 656, 485, and 295 ppm, respectively. The in vitro testing demonstrated that composition A was effective for killing approximately 80–100% of Argulus, whereas compositions B and C killed 80–90% and 60–70%, respectively. Viewed from the effectiveness for killing parasites, the result was excellent (above 50%). The in vivo medication test was continued using three extract compositions at a dose of 100 ppm. Compositions A, B, and C were found to be capable of releasing 81.33, 75.67, and 71.00 arguli, respectively, per fish. We concluded that the single SFE extract and a concoction with BPE and ZZE had reasonable antiparasitic activity, whereas the concoction of SFE and ZZE killed more Argulus parasites at a higher rate.

Atezolizumab alone or in combination did not demonstrate a favorable risk-benefit profile in myelodysplastic syndrome

We present here primary results from the phase Ib GO29754 study (NCT02508870) evaluating the safety and tolerability of atezolizumab, a PD-L1 inhibitor, alone and in combination with azacitidine, a hypomethylating agent (HMA), in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) or HMA-naïve myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). R/R MDS patients received atezolizumab for 12 months (Cohort A), or atezolizumab plus azacitidine for six cycles followed by atezolizumab as maintenance for eight cycles (Cohort B). HMA-naïve MDS patients received atezolizumab plus azacitidine until loss of clinical benefit (Cohort C). Safety, activity, and exploratory endpoints were investigated. Forty-six patients were enrolled and received treatment (11 in Cohort A, 14 in Cohort B, 21 in Cohort C). All patients experienced ≥1 adverse event (AE) on study, and all patients discontinued atezolizumab. In Cohort A, seven patients (63.6%) died, and no patients responded. In Cohort B, eight patients (57.1%) discontinued azacitidine, 11 patients (78.6%) died, and two patients (14.3%) responded. In Cohort C, all 21 patients discontinued azacitidine, 13 patients died (61.9%), and 13 patients (61.9%) responded. The study was terminated by the sponsor prior to completing recruitment due to the unexpected high early death rate in Cohort C (6/13 deaths [46.2%] were due to AEs and occurred within the first four treatment cycles.). The high death rate and poor efficacy observed in this study do not support a favorable risk-benefit profile for atezolizumab as a single agent or in combination with azacitidine in R/R or HMA-naïve MDS.

Autonomous robotic fire detection and extinguishing system

Firefighting is a dangerous job with a high death rate. Robotics is the new way to protect the environment and human lives. This work proposes an autonomous robot system that can inevitably discover fire using the flame sensor and extinguish it. This project includes Arduino UNO, flame sensor, servo motor, motor driver, relay module, Bluetooth HC-06 module, and water pump. Besides, using the push Bluetooth app at the transmitting end, commands are sent to the receiver to control the robot’s movement. The motors are connected to the microcontroller and used to move the robot and sprinkle water on the fire. A water tank and a water pump are mounted on the robot body and automatically detected by the infrared. An ATMEGA328 series microcontroller controls the flame sensor and the whole operation. A motor driver IC, L298N, is interfaced to the microcontroller through which the controller drives the motors. As a result, the robot can detect fire from a distance. The average length for detecting flame is approximately 5.11cm, and Bluetooth transmission is about 300cm. It has the potential to reduce human error and limitations associated with fire extinguishing tasks.

Development of auto sanitizer for mitigation of Covid-19 – Using solar powered aluminum structural chamber

The use of auto sanitizer in the disinfection of human body and surfaces against dangerous micro-organisms like coronavirus diseases that are infectious is of great importance to schools, family, community, and public health. The outbreak of novel Coronavirus in late 2019, which has crippled the academic, social, and economic activities globally is as a result of unhygienic activities of living creatures like, man, and animals. But a good number of technologies can be developed to tackle the emergence of this novel infectious virus. The challenge of COVID-19 that resulted to ill-health, high death rate, and shutdown of activities was being addressed radically by different medical practitioners, engineers through various practical innovations, methods and mitigation approach - ranging from the use of face shields and respiratory facemasks to practicing of social and physical distancing. This part of preventive measures has led us to developing an Auto Sanitizer that is made of Aluminum Chamber which does not wet the cloth or human body but disinfects it against COVID-19.

CST: A Multitask Learning Framework for Colorectal Cancer Region Mining Based on Transformer

Colorectal cancer is a high death rate cancer until now; from the clinical view, the diagnosis of the tumour region is critical for the doctors. But with data accumulation, this task takes lots of time and labor with large variances between different doctors. With the development of computer vision, detection and segmentation of the colorectal cancer region from CT or MRI image series are a great challenge in the past decades, and there still have great demands on automatic diagnosis. In this paper, we proposed a novel transfer learning protocol, called CST, that is, a union framework for colorectal cancer region detection and segmentation task based on the transformer model, which effectively constructs the cancer region detection and its segmentation jointly. To make a higher detection accuracy, we incorporate an autoencoder-based image-level decision approach that leverages the image-level decision of a cancer slice. We also compared our framework with one-stage and two-stage object detection methods; the results show that our proposed method achieves better results on detection and segmentation tasks. And this proposed framework will give another pathway for colorectal cancer screen by way of artificial intelligence.

The Truth about Vitamin C Enriched Plants and Vegetables Used in Nigeria for the Management of COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has shown the dexterity and wits of Nigerians in the face of dire challenges. The low fatality recorded by Nigeria during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic attests to this. A minimal death rate bewilders experts, despite the speculation that Nigeria might experience a high death rate. Nigerians resorted to home remedies for prophylaxis and curative measures using available vitamin C enriched plants and vegetables. This brief review explored various plants and vegetables reported to have been utilized during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. The obvious is that many Nigerians use one or more plants and vegetables as a home remedy. This spurred the interest of Nigerian scientists in more researches in Nigeria with the aim of standardization and registration for use.

Effective ways of keeping queen bees before and after instrumental insemination

The article presents theoretical and experimental data on the results of the instrumental insemination and alimentation of queen bees. Queen bees were bred and inseminated. It has been established that when using various methods of keeping queen bees, a dynamic pattern is observed when there is safekeeping of queen bees. So, in 2019, before insemination in all experimental groups, the death of 1 to 4 infertile queens was observed. The highest indicator was recorded in the first experimental group; this is due to the fact that there were not enough young bees in the transfer cells to fully feed the infertile queen. In 2020, when using various methods of keeping queen bees before and after insemination, a similar pattern is observed with respect to the safety of queen bees. In a comparative aspect, before and after insemination, a high death rate of queens was recorded in the I-experimental group - 4 pcs, respectively fetal - 16 pcs. Whereas in the II-experimental and IV-experimental groups, the safest keeping of 18-19 queens was recorded respectively. Whereas in 2021, the greatest safety of fetal queen bees was in the IV-experimental group - 90%, and in the II-experimental and III-experimental groups, 85% each in comparison with the I-experimental group - 75%. Consequently, when using the method of keeping infertile queens in the transfer cells with accompanying bees, 5 pieces each, there is a high death rate of queen bees. It was also confirmed that the method of keeping queens in a nursery frame without accompanying bees is less effective compared to the method of keeping queens in a nursery frame without accompanying bees. Also, when obtaining fetal queens by instrumental insemination, attention should be focused on phenotypic indicators when selecting infertile queens, since the size of the queen bee is directly correlated with the number of egg tubes and, accordingly, affects the egg production of the fetal queen bee.

Pandemi Covid-19 dalam Kacamata Islam

At the end of 2019 almost all countries were affected by thevirus outbreak Covid-19which caused a fairly high death rate. Coronaviruses (CoV) cause flu to more serious illnesses such as (MERS-CoV) and (SARS-CoV). The outbreak of this virus has caused paralysis of vital sectors such as economic, social, political, cultural and even religious. This pandemic condition makes everyone adapt to new habits. Therefore, the termappears new normal or a new life orderwhich is often heard due to this pandemic. This pandemic requires the state to issue rules and policies. With the outbreak of the covid-19 virus, we as believers do not need to worry about dealing with it, but we must remain vigilant. Always ask for protection from God, pray, strive to do what is recommended to prevent the transmission of the covid-19 virus outbreak, by always maintaining cleanliness and always washing hands, Large-Scale Social Restrictions, rest assured that the healing that will be given God, always be patient and grateful, and trust in God and always believe in the healing that will be given by God Pada akhir tahun 2019 terjadi hampir di seluruh negara terkena wabah virus covid-19 yang menyebabkan angka kematian yang cukup tinggi. Coronaviruses (CoV) menyebabkan timbulnya penyakit flu sampai yang lebih serius seperti (MERS-CoV) dan (SARS-CoV). Mewabahnya virus ini menyebabkan kelumpuhan sektor vital seperti ekonomi, sosial, politik, budaya dan bahkan agama. Kondisi pandemi ini membuat setiap orang untuk beradaptasi kebiasaan baru. Karenanya muncul istilah new normal atau tatanan kehidupan baru yang sering sekali terdengar akibat pandemi ini. pandemi ini mengharuskan negara menerbitkan aturan dan kebijakan. Dengan adanya wabah virus covid-19 ini kita sebagai seorang mukmin tidak perlu khawatir dalam menghadapinya, tetapi kita harus tetap waspada. Selalu meminta perlindungan kepada Allah Swt, berdoa, berikhtiar dengan melakukan hal yang dianjurkan untuk pencegahan penularan wabah virus covid-19 tersebut, dengan selalu menjaga kebersihan dan selalu mencuci tangan, Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar, yakinlah kesembuhan yang akan diberikan Allah SWT, selalu bersabar dan bersyukur, serta tawakal kepada Allah Swt dan selalu yakin akan kesembuhan yang akan diberikan oleh Allah SWT.

Motorcycle Ban and Traffic Safety: Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment at Zhejiang, China

Motorcycle bans have been implemented in many cities across China for long time, one of the main reasons for which is the high death rate of the traffic accidents related to motorcycles’ fast speed and weak safety. This study applies a quasi-experiment on whether or not and when motorcycle bans are implemented in the 11 prefecture cities in Zhejiang Province, taking the prefecture-level cities with motorcycle bans as the experimental group and the others as the control group, so as to identify whether such bans can effectively reduce the number of traffic accidents and deaths, as well as the related internal mechanism. This study concludes that the effect of the motorcycle bans on reducing the number of traffic accident deaths is significant, and their impact does not decrease over time due to the diversity of policies. Further, the mechanism analysis shows that the motorcycle bans have not only reduced the number of motorcycles and thus may improve the traffic safety but also diminished the traffic accidents by reducing the fatality rate. Finally, this study proposes to optimize the motorcycle bans by planning special lanes and strengthening motorcycle management.

Epidemiologic and Clinic Characteristics of the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hospitalized Patients from Galați County

The first cases of COVID-19 were reported in Wuhan Province, in China, in December 2019, spreading rapidly around the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared this pandemic at the beginning of March 2020 and, at the same time, the first patient in Galați County was confirmed. Both the global and the regional epidemiological evolutions have taken place with variations in incidence, which have been graphically recorded in several “waves”. We conducted a retrospective study on cases of COVID-19 infection, hospitalized between March and June 2020 in an infectious diseases clinic from Galati, in the south-east of Romania. The present paper describes the “first-wave” regional epidemiological and clinical-biological features and the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic. A poor outcome was related to late presentation to hospital, old age, and over six comorbid conditions including Alzheimer’s disease. The high death rate among people from long-term care institutions is the consequence of the cumulative risk factors associated with immune senescence and inflammation, while COVID-19 is more likely a contributing factor to lower life expectancy.