Unfurling Conservation Strategies, Major Initiatives, and Gaps in Research: A Vision on the Future of the Fauna of Rajasthan under Current and Predicted Threats

2013 ◽  
pp. 433-468
Author(s):  
B. K. Sharma ◽  
Seema Kulshreshtha ◽  
Asad R. Rahmani
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
The Future

scholarly journals Exploring The Viability of Dams is Key to Malaysian Water Resources Development of the Future

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dato’ Ir. Syed Muhammad Shahabudin
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Water Resources Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Future ◽  
Control Water ◽  
Resources Development

It is said tluit civilization began and prospered when humans could control water; and that same civilization declined and vanished when that control is lost. Dams and other river flow barriers were built to harness and control water in the early days of civilisation in order to secure the benefits for human basic needs and comfort. Centuries later, more dams were built to cater for increasing population, especially in arid and semi-arid areas. But it is really in the past two centuries that many large-sized dams have been built to satisfy a wider range of development demands — hydropower, treated water supply, irrigation, flood control and environmental needs.Towards the second half of the last century, society came to realise that dams can cause significant negative social and environmental impacts that could outweigh the original economic benefits. Opponents of dams protest vehemently world-wide against the development of more dams whilst proponents are convinced tluit the y are a necessary feature to support growth and prosperity. It is these contradicting beliefs in mind tluit the public must be engaged to facilitate a better understanding of the views of both the proponents and the opponents of dam development before deciding on a long-term strateg y. In the meantime, more effort may have to be made for water and energ y conservation strategies and to realize the potential applications of low impact and non-structural solutions that complement existing dams and defer new dam development to as far into the future as possible.This paper aims to provoke a critical debate amongst engineers and the public to look at the longer term future ofdams in water resources development that could possibl y reduce the fundamental demand for services that dam provides. In other words, to try and answer the question “Why should a country rich in water, as Malaysia is, need to construct dams and even plan for more?”

scholarly journals Evaluation of Climate Change Impacts on the Potential Distribution of Styrax sumatrana in North Sumatra, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 462
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hadi Saputra ◽  
Han Soo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
The Future ◽  
Suitable Area ◽  
North Sumatra

This study aims to assess the impact of climate change on the distribution of Styrax sumatrana in North Sumatra by applying the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model with biophysical factors (elevation, slope, aspect, and soil), climatic factors (19 bioclimate data sets for 2050 and 2070), and anthropogenic factors (land use land cover (LULC) changes in 2050 and 2070). The future climate data retrieved and used are the output of four climate models from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), namely, the CCSM4, CNRM-CM5, MIROC5, and MRI-CGCM3 models, under the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. The MaxEnt modelling results showed the importance of the mean temperature of the coldest quarter and the LULC variables. Styrax sumatrana rely on environmental conditions with air temperatures ranging from 13 to 19 °C. The potentially suitable land types for Styrax sumatrana are shrubs, gardens, and forests. The future predictions show that the suitable habitat for Styrax sumatrana is predicted to decrease to 3.87% in 2050 and to 3.54% in 2070 under the RCP4.5 scenario. Under the RCP8.5 scenario, the suitable area is predicted to decrease to 3.04% in 2050 and to 1.36% in 2070, respectively. The degradation of the suitable area is mainly due to increasing temperature and deforestation in future predictions. The modelling results illustrate that the suitable habitats of Styrax sumatrana are likely to be reduced under future climate change scenarios or lost in 2070 under the RCP8.5 scenario. The potential future extinction of this species should alert authorities to formulate conservation strategies. Results also demonstrated key variables that should be used for formulating ex situ conservation strategies.

scholarly journals PREDICTIVE MODELING OF Mimosa tenuiflora (WILLD) POIRET: HOW CAN CLIMATE CHANGE AFFECT ITS POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION RANGE?

FLORESTA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1315
Author(s):  
Kyvia Pontes Teixeira das Chagas ◽  
Fernanda Moura Fonseca Lucas ◽  
Fábio De Almeida Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
The Future ◽  
Pessimistic Scenario ◽  
Precipitation Variable ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Mimosa Tenuiflora

Studies that characterize the effects of climatic factors on the geographic distribution of arboreal individuals are of fundamental importance, especially for widely exploited species of wood potential, such as Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd) Poiret (jurema-preta). In this sense, the objective of this work was to predict the climatically adequate areas for the occurrence of Mimosa tenuiflora, present (1960-1990) and future (2070). We used the Maxent algorithm to relate the occurrence records of the species to the climatic variables. For the year 2070, we test two scenarios and three general atmospheric circulation models, HadGEM2-ES, GISS-E2-R and MIROC-ESM. Modeling for the present presented an AUC index (area under the curve) of 0.94 (± 0.02), indicating a good fit of the model used. For the future scenario, the AUC value ranged from 0.88 to 0.89 and 0.87 to 0.88 for the optimistic and pessimistic scenarios, respectively. The highest percentage of contribution was to the annual precipitation variable. The areas of adequacy occupied the states of Ceará and Rio Grande do Norte in higher intensity and almost all of them. When compared to the present, the geographic territory with high suitability for the future presented a reduction from 28.7% to 53.7% in the optimistic scenario and 30.9% to 59.4% in the pessimistic scenario. The information obtained can be used as a subsidy for the establishment of commercial plantations, the definition of management and conservation strategies, and the creation of an in situ conservation bank for Mimosa tenuiflora species.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Habitat Uses and Their Implications for the Conservation of the Chinese Bumblebee Bombus pyrosoma (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Hu ◽  
Jiyao Liu ◽  
Guiling Ding ◽  
Muhammad Naeem ◽  
Jilian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
The Impact

Bumblebees are important pollinators for many wild plants and crops. However, the bumblebee populations are seriously declining in many parts of the world. Hence, the bumblebee conservation strategy should be urgently addressed, and the species distribution modeling approach can effectively evaluate the potentially suitable areas for their conservation. Here, one of the most abundant and endemic species of bumblebee in China, Bombus pyrosoma, was selected to assess current and future climates’ influence on its distribution with MaxEnt. Nine high-resolution bioclimatic/environmental variables with high contribution rates and low correlations were used. Four of the nine bioclimatic/environmental variables, min temperature of the coldest month (bio_06), annual mean temperature (bio_01), precipitation of wettest month (bio_13) and radiation of warmest quarter (bio_26), were found to be the most critical factors influencing the distribution of B. pyrosoma. The modeling results showed that the areas with high and moderate suitability for B. pyrosoma covered 141,858 and 186,198 km2 under the current climate conditions. More than 85% of the sampling sites in 2019 were found to be suitable under the current scenario. Under the future A1B and A2 scenarios in 2050 and 2100, the areas with low and moderate suitability for B. pyrosoma increased. However, alarmingly, the high suitability areas decreased under the future A1B and A2 scenarios in 2050 and 2100. Furthermore, regions covering seven provinces of northern China were the most crucial for developing nature reserves for B. pyrosoma, with the following order of suitable areas: Gansu, Shanxi, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Hebei and Beijing. Our study highlights the impact of future climate changes on the distribution of B. pyrosoma, and conservation strategies should mitigate the threats posed by environmental changes, particularly in the current high suitability areas.

A Look at the Future of Public Gardens

2020 ◽  
pp. 156-160
Author(s):  
Donald A. Rakow ◽  
Meghan Z. Gough ◽  
Sharon A. Lee
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Public Gardens ◽  
The Future ◽  
Public Garden ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Or Gene

The final chapter provides a detailed analysis of strategies for successful partnerships and how they can be evaluated. It talks about the American Public Gardens Association's vision to make public gardens an indispensable part of communities. The APGA defines public gardens as institutions that maintain “collections of plants for the purposes of public education and enjoyment, in addition to research, conservation, and higher learning.” Gardens can best lead the way by establishing and demonstrating effective biodiversity conservation strategies in the midst of rapidly changing natural landscapes. One strategy is to preserve locally, regionally, or globally endangered species in their native habitats, which is known as in situ conservation. A second strategy is for public gardens to establish ex situ seed banks or gene banks at their sites that will preserve the genetic identities of species threatened or extirpated in the wild. Public gardens also need to be paragons of sustainable behavior, whether through LEED-certified buildings, SITES-approved landscapes, the use of solar panels and windmills, reduction or elimination of pesticides, or the use of electric vehicles. The public garden of the future will need to partner with architects, urban planners, and progressive corporations to produce a new generation of green buildings and urban gardens, so that cities will become centers of clean air and renewable energy and provide all their residents with easy access to nature.

scholarly journals Long-term forest–savannah dynamics in the Bolivian Amazon: implications for conservation

2006 ◽  
Vol 362 (1478) ◽  
pp. 291-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis E Mayle ◽  
Robert P Langstroth ◽  
Rosie A Fisher ◽  
Patrick Meir
Keyword(s):  
General Circulation ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Spanish Conquest ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Human Land Use ◽  
Bolivian Amazon ◽  
The Future ◽  
Modelling Studies

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the respective roles of past changes in climate, geomorphology and human activities in shaping the present-day forest–savannah mosaic of the Bolivian Amazon, and consider how this palaeoecological perspective may help inform conservation strategies for the future. To this end, we review a suite of palaeoecological and archaeological data from two distinct forest–savannah environments in lowland Bolivia: Noel Kempff Mercado National Park (NKMNP) on the Precambrian Shield and the ‘Llanos de Moxos’ in the Beni basin. We show that they contain markedly contrasting legacies of past climatic, geomorphic and anthropogenic influences between the last glacial period and the Spanish Conquest. In NKMNP, increasing precipitation caused evergreen rainforest expansion, at the expense of semi-deciduous dry forest and savannahs, over the last three millennia. In contrast, pre-Hispanic indigenous cultures were instrumental in facilitating recent forest expansion in the Llanos de Moxos by building a vast network of earthworks. Insights from Mid-Holocene palaeodata, together with ecological observations and modelling studies, suggest that there will be progressive replacement of rainforest by dry forest and savannah in NKMNP over the twenty-first century in response to the increased drought predicted by general circulation models. Protection of the latitudinal landscape corridors may be needed to facilitate these future species reassortments. However, devising appropriate conservation strategies for the Llanos de Moxos will be more difficult due to its complex legacy of Palaeo-Indian impact. Without fully understanding the degree to which its current biota has been influenced by past native cultures, the type and intensity of human land use appropriate for this landscape in the future will be difficult to ascertain.

scholarly journals Distributional dynamics of a vulnerable species in response to past and future climate change: a window for conservation prospects

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunjun Bai ◽  
Xueping Wei ◽  
Xiaoqiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Vulnerable Species ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
The Future ◽  
Distributional Dynamics

BackgroundThe ongoing change in climate is predicted to exert unprecedented effects on Earth’s biodiversity at all levels of organization. Biological conservation is important to prevent biodiversity loss, especially for species facing a high risk of extinction. Understanding the past responses of species to climate change is helpful for revealing response mechanisms, which will contribute to the development of effective conservation strategies in the future.MethodsIn this study, we modelled the distributional dynamics of a ‘Vulnerable’ species,Pseudolarix amabilis, in response to late Quaternary glacial-interglacial cycles and future 2080 climate change using an ecological niche model (MaxEnt). We also performed migration vector analysis to reveal the potential migration of the population over time.ResultsHistorical modelling indicates that the range dynamics ofP. amabilisis highly sensitive to climate change and that its long-distance dispersal ability and potential for evolutionary adaption are limited. Compared to the current climatically suitable areas for this species, future modelling showed significant migration northward towards future potential climatically suitable areas.DiscussionIn combination with the predicted future distribution, the mechanism revealed by the historical response suggests that this species will not be able to fully occupy the future expanded areas of suitable climate or adapt to the unsuitable climate across the future contraction regions. As a result, we suggest assisted migration as an effective supplementary means of conserving this vulnerable species in the face of the unprecedentedly rapid climate change of the 21st century. As a study case, this work highlights the significance of introducing historical perspectives while researching species conservation, especially for currently vulnerable or endangered taxa that once had a wider distribution in geological time.

On Conservation Strategies for Ecological Green Planning of Gongqing DigiEcoCity

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 1287-1290
Author(s):  
Xiao Qiong Li ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Chun Yuan Tao ◽  
Ying Xiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Ecological Concept ◽  
The Future ◽  
City Model ◽  
Low Carbon City ◽  
Active Exploration ◽  
Planning Concept

DigiEcoCity is an ideal city model which combines the concept of sustainable development, new technologies of digital revolution and functions that needed for creating a better life, and is the direction of the future development of low carbon city. This paper described planning concept and planning overview of Gongqing digital Eco-city, emphasized the application of Digital & ecological concept. Gongqing city has made active exploration on construction and planning model of DigiEcoCity, and aims to be a good example of the digital Eco-city in the future.

International determination of the total motion of the pole

1961 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Wm. Markowitz
Keyword(s):  
Secular Motion ◽  
The Future

A symposium on the future of the International Latitude Service (I. L. S.) is to be held in Helsinki in July 1960. My report for the symposium consists of two parts. Part I, denoded (Mk I) was published [1] earlier in 1960 under the title “Latitude and Longitude, and the Secular Motion of the Pole”. Part II is the present paper, denoded (Mk II).

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