Population – Structural and Functional Basic Element of Bioceonosis and Species. The Role of Population in the Knowledge of Species Autecology

2017 ◽  
pp. 507-517
Author(s):  
Nicolae Doniţă ◽  
Stoica Godeanu
Keyword(s):  
Basic Element

A scale-independent model for land-locked seas with application to the Messinian salinity crisis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Meijer
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Independent Solution ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Messinian Salinity Crisis ◽  
Elevated Salinity ◽  
Levantine Basin ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Atmospheric Heat

<p>While the Mediterranean Sea is, since the Middle Miocene, a nearly completely land-locked basin indeed, it is itself comprised of several smaller semi-enclosed seas. What the Mediterranean Sea as a whole is to the Atlantic Ocean, are the Adriatic Sea or Aegean Sea to the Ionian-Levantine basin, for example. In the discussions regarding the Messinian salinity crisis the marginal basins of the Mediterranean play a prominent role because it is from these parts that the sedimentary record has been uplifted and become exposed.</p><p>In view of this and with an aim to contribute insight from the field of modelling, we focus on the basic element: a single marginal basin, subject to atmospheric forcing and exchanging water through a seaway with an adjacent larger basin. The equations are derived in dimensionless form and a universal, scale-independent, solution for basin salinity obtained. The analysis yields two dimensionless ratios which control basin behaviour in terms of salinity and response time. </p><p>Application of the theoretical model to the Messinian salinity crisis sheds new light on the formation of gypsum in marginal basins that were separated from the main Mediterranean by a sill, gives insight about the role of atmospheric heat exchange, and underlines the previous finding that, at elevated salinity, marginal basins respond to periodic climate variation (e.g. due to precession) with a significant lag.</p>

scholarly journals Threats posed by serious and organised crime for the safety and security of tourism in Poland.

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Kamil Martyniak
Keyword(s):  
Organised Crime ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Unique Specificity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Desk Research ◽  
Critical Literature

The growing impact and relevance of safety and security in tourism can be discerned in the increasingly more substantial foreign and Polish academic literature on the subject. Based on the available publications and enhanced by the author’s individual reflections and tourist experiences, the paper attempts to outline a number of issues selected arbitrarily by the author. The goal of this paper is to attempt to define the various threats posed for the safety and security of tourism in Poland, and to look at the salient problems and dilemmas that may, in the nearest future, become the object of further research and enquiries. Being absorbed by the trip implies that tourists frequently fail to pay enough attention to the dangers that await them. Situations of this sort are, indeed, numerous: some are caused by the people themselves, and the origins of others need to be traced in nature. The role of tourism organisers and travel agencies, as well as tourists themselves, is to strive to make sure that trips made to get some sunshine, bathe in warm water sofexotic seas, and expeditions to the mountains do not turn into a nightmare (Mansfeld 2006). Each type of tourism has its unique specificity that goes with smaller or bigger chances of fortuitous events. It is not just the specific nature of the above types of tourism that can trigger a variety of fortuitous events, but also at the individual stages of consumption of a tourism product (Sanetra&Sanetra-Półgrabi 2018) situations can occur that are caused by factors related to tourist transport, and staying at a given rest spot. Admittedly, the essence of tourism rests on people’s travelling to destinations that pride themselves on outstanding tourist qualities, and that are located beyond the place where tourists reside on a permanent basis. This form of travelling constitutes the basic element of the consumption of tourism. This paper is the fruit of critical literature-based research, and desk research conducted on the subject matter at hand.

scholarly journals AXIOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF RUSSIAN PROVERBS: ON THE ISSUE OF FORMATION OF LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL COMPETENCE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 164-170
Author(s):  
Марина Ивановна Журина
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Foreign Student ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Mental Picture ◽  
Folk Traditions ◽  
High Degree

Настоящая статья посвящена вопросу использования пословицы, уточнению ее роли в обучении русскому языку как иностранному. В работе применяется аксиологический подход к изучению афористического жанра. Знакомство с пословицей как средоточием ценностных, эстетических ориентиров способствует развитию коммуникативных навыков, формирует представление о русской культуре, ее своеобразии, народных традициях и обычаях, особенностях русского характера. Поэтически закрепляя ментальную картину народной культуры, обнаруживая аналоги в языках разных народов, пословица неизменно привлекает внимание ученых-филологов. Актуальность исследования определяется ценностно ориентированным аспектом изучения народных афоризмов в структуре уроков русского языка как иностранного, соответствующим гуманизирующей роли современного образовательного процесса. В статье рассматриваются пословицы о языке как одной из основополагающих составляющих ценностного мира и особенно интересные всем любителям словесности. Народные изречения расширяют словарный запас обучающихся, сочетают лексические единицы различной стилевой принадлежности, закрепляют необходимость бережного отношения к слову, укрепляют мотивацию к освоению языка. Включение пословиц в уроки русского языка как иностранного является базовым элементом формирования лингвокультурологической компетенции обучающихся. Знание пословичных выражений, умение уместно употреблять их в различных контекстах свидетельствует о высокой степени коммуникативной активности студента-иностранца, делает его речь более естественной и образной. This article is devoted to the issue of using the proverb, clarifying its role in teaching Russian as a foreign language. The work employs an axiological approach to the study of the aphoristic genre. The proverb as a focus of value and aesthetic orientations contributes to the development of communication skills, forms an idea of Russian culture, its originality, folk traditions and customs, and the peculiarities of the Russian character. Poetically fixing the mental picture of folk culture, revealing the analogs in the languages of different peoples, the proverb invariably attracts the attention of philologists. The relevance of the research is determined by the value-oriented aspects of the study of folk aphorisms in the structure of RFL lessons, which correspond to the humanizing role of the modern educational process. The article deals with proverbs about language as one of the fundamental components of the value world and is especially interesting for all lovers of literature. Folk sayings expand the vocabulary of students, combine lexical units of various styles, reinforce the need for careful attitude to the word, strengthen the motivation of learning the language. The inclusion of proverbs in the lessons of the RFL is a basic element of the formation of linguistic and cultural competence of students. Knowledge of proverbial expressions, the ability to use them appropriately in various contexts indicates a high degree of communicative activity of a foreign student, makes his speech more natural and imaginative.

scholarly journals Gold - the Basic Element of the Financial System

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-426
Author(s):  
Lyubov Parshina
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Financial Assets ◽  
Current Economic Climate ◽  
Economic Climate ◽  
Sustained Inflation

Savings is now becoming more and more important, primarily because of inflationary pressures. The article attempts to answer the question of which financial assets can be placed in order to preserve, at least, purchasing power. In the current economic climate, the role of gold as a universal financial instrument is beginning to grow, not only for central banks but also for individuals. Certain characteristics of gold give it advantages over other types of investments and assets. Gold has been used as money for over five thousand years. Even after the abolition of gold and foreign exchange standard, gold retains important qualities, such as immunity to sustained inflation, initial intrinsic value and high money intensity. The article examines the role of gold as one of the main ways to preserve the purchasing power of savings. The article explores gold mining both in the world and in Russia. The study concluded that gold has advantages as an asset base on its physical properties and reputation it has developed over millennia.

scholarly journals ПРОБЛЕМЫ РАЗВИТИЯ КРИТИЧЕСКОГО МЫШЛЕНИЯ СТУДЕНТОВ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПОДГОТОВКИ

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
К. Khalikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Educational Technologies ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Republic

The problems of developing critical thinking in the process of training students are considered in the article. The relevance of this study in the regulatory documents adopted in the Republic of Kazakhstan is analyzed. The educational technologies that’s used in the educational system of the Republic of Kazakhstan and seven modules of the Cambridge system are listed. The basic structural elements of critical thinking, which are the basic element in the formation of critical thinking in students are given. The main characteristics of the critical thinking of the teacher and the important features of critical thinking, as well as the role of reflection and evaluation in the formation of critical thinking are considered. The role of the student and teacher in using the technology for the development of critical thinking of students is determined. The pedagogical possibilities of applying the technology for the development of critical thinking are given on the example of the discipline "Information and communication technologies".

scholarly journals Free & Open Source Software (FOSS) in Website Designing

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Secure Environment ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Social Networking Website ◽  
Free Open Source ◽  
The Way

People want website to be fast, user-friendly, secure & free to use. Web sites have become a critical part of business, and the tools to create and deploy Web sites are becoming more flexible and easier to use. This paper talks about the role of FOSS in Website Designing. FOSS proves to be a boon for website developers in the way that they are secure, robust and free to use & modify. The open source tools available in the market facilitate the tool -box of a website developer. The use of FOSS increases the productivity, provide a secure Environment & also save a website developer of getting screwed under the copyright act. This paper talks about the technologies which FOSS world currently offers to the website developers and also the revolution which is awaiting to flourish the market. It also incorporates a study of the recent developments & the way market is becoming more dependent on FOSS. For example, PHP is the basic element of the most famous social networking website today, the Facebook. Also, GMAIL is entirely based on the open source language, Python.

scholarly journals Globalization and regionalisation: Determinants of the transformation and the process of the integration of the geo-space

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Todorovic ◽  
Branislav Stojanovic
Keyword(s):  
Basic Element ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Crucial Effect ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Almost All

The two processes that, basically since the emergence of the classic civilizations, determine major changes in the basic spatial structures in the world are, de facto, of antipode basic characteristics (globalization and regionalisation), but it is often the case that there are elements with traits of complementarily. They have crucial effect on development and integration of geo-spaces and many research results indicate that, depending of the stage of the development, both processes were present in the geo-space in various forms in almost all the phases of its development and that they have contributed to establishment of all the new spatial-structural relations. The subject of this analyses is, among other issues, a brief genesis of these two processes, including identification of their main starters and effects. Besides from that, there is a special attention paid to the role of the traffic as their basic element and one of the important initiators and its role in those parts of the European continent that are not yet included by these processes of crucial changes of the geo-space as the whole.

scholarly journals Gender and Sports Publications in School Newspaper Columns: The Greek Example

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Lina P. Valsamidou ◽  
Argyris Kyridis
Keyword(s):  
Basic Element ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Sports Journalism ◽  
Gender And Sports ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Quantitative Manner ◽  
Male Dominated ◽  
Sports News ◽  
Social Components

<p><em>Sport is a basic element of social culture and a way of social expression, while it also constitutes a form of social education. Sport, however, also exhibits the most evident gendered characteristics of sports journalism since it constitutes a </em><em>“</em><em>male/male-dominated</em><em>”</em><em> field. What is the presence of boys and girls in the role of the sports editor/journalist? What sports issues are chosen by boys and girls and published in school newspaper columns? To what extent is the presence of the </em><em>“</em><em>male-dominated</em><em>” </em><em>sports domain and the sports news perpetuated/continued in schools</em><em>’</em><em> newspapers? We analyze the publication content by gender in school newspapers, so as to determine in a qualitative and quantitative manner the basic parameters that define gendered sports discourse and its social components.</em></p>

'Tenebo hunc ordinem', Methods and structure of medieval law lectures (12th–14th centuries). –

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 353-389
Author(s):  
Andrea Padovani
Keyword(s):  
Basic Element ◽  
Complete Sequence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
The Core ◽  
Legal Texts ◽  
Medieval Law ◽  
The Times ◽  
The University

AbstractThe well known ordo legendi diffused by Cinus among later commentators was a framework structured as a sequence of various steps and moments: divisio textus, positio casus, collectio notabilium, oppositiones and quaestiones. Some of them appear early in the didactic experience of Ioannes Bassianus and, more extensively, in the lecturae held, during the 13th century, by jurists, theologians and artistae as well: to be sure, with relevant differences mainly concerning the meaning of the employed terms. The decay of the glossa as a tool to explain the Corpus Iuris of Justinian in the schools and the diffusion of new styles in approaching the legal texts, made the expositio ordinis a frequent, somehow basic element of the lectura and of the commentum. From the times of Odofredus it occurs mainly when the lex meets heavy problems of interpretation: but not always in the complete sequence of the above mentioned moments. Contraria and quaestiones mark in any case the core of the exposition, according to the scholastic role of medieval dialectics. Different in their respective purposes, they nevertheless share the same logical procedure. From this point of view, an interesting and still inexplicable convergence of methods (and related terminology) can be observed in the age of Cinus between lawyers and artistae, both teaching at the University of Bologna.

scholarly journals Theory of Inhomogeneous Short Range Order and Calphad Modeling. Part 1. Basic Formalism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Kremer
Keyword(s):  
Small Groups ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Short Range Order ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Range Order ◽  
Conceptual Role ◽  
Calphad Modeling ◽  
Combinatorial Factor

Conceptual role of Short Range Order in Statistical Thermodynamics of liquidalloys is discussed. It is shown why the popular model theories used by Calphadfall short in bringing this phenomenon to full usage. In contrast to this, presentedhere in details Theory of Inhomogeneous Short Range Order takes Short RangeOrder as basic element of formalism. Combinatorial factor provided by theoryexpresses the Statistical Sum of entire system as weighted average over StatisticalSums of small groups of atoms conventionally selected in the alloy. Equations ofthe theory are explicitly resolved in a parametric form.The theory in its tetrahedron approximation is applied, as introductory example,for the presentation the thermodynamic data of multiple two-component systemsdescribed previously by other authors using Redlich-Kister’ polynomials.

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