Inclusiveness of Agricultural Markets and Food Security

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Vesna Mrdalj ◽  
Hamid El Bilali
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Markets

scholarly journals Climate and weather impacts on agriculture: the case of Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Carvalho Pereda ◽  
Denisard Alves
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Agricultural Markets ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Rainfall Anomalies ◽  
Weather Impacts

The world’s population will rise exponentially in the coming decades, increasing the demand for food and challenging the agricultural sector to ensure food security. Due to the importance of climate conditions for agriculture, this article analyzed two different hypotheses regarding climate impacts on agricultural markets in Brazil. First, farmers only observe the average climate conditions of their region when deciding the type and amount of crop or animal to grow or raise. Second, weather diversions from normal climate conditions cause farmers to deviate from optimal profits. Neither hypothesis was rejected by the data. The 2006 estimated loss from rainfall anomalies was 12.8 billion dollars (in 2014 values).

Ecosystemic Multifunctionality of Developing Country Agriculture

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
A. Damodaran
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Agricultural Markets ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Agrarian Economies

In the wake of the failure of the Cancun Summit, the paper argues for a new approach to negotiations in the agricultural sector by developing countries. The paper emphasises that piecemeal efforts to address agricultural issues facing developing countries need to be given up in favour of concepts that are more structural and give a greater profile to the special and distinctive characteristic of the agrarian economies in the developing world. The paper advances the notion of ecosystemic multifunctionality to argue for special and differential position for the agriculture sector in developing countries like India. It is argued that this concept would be beneficial to developing countries in their quest for world agricultural markets that are sensitive to livelihood and food security issues. The post-Cancun phase of negotiations could go a long way, in case a negotiation stance based on the concept of ecosystemic multifunctionality takes root.

The International Trade Regime and SDG 2: Reforming Agricultural Markets for Food Security

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-158
Author(s):  
Clair Gammage
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Food Security ◽  
World Trade Organisation ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Agricultural Markets ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Social Environmental

The 2030 Agenda, and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), present a timely opportunity to revisit the debate on how agricultural trade governance should operate at the multilateral level. This chapter explores the relationship between food security, the international legal rules governing agricultural markets, and sustainable development. With a focus on food security as a trade concern, this chapter will argue that the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has a fundamental role to play in (re)shaping sustainable agricultural governance for food security. Rules governing international agricultural trade will be interrogated using SDG 2 and the concept of sustainable development as a prism to highlight the ideational divide between food security and international trade rules on agriculture. This chapter proposes that these conflicting ideational systems can be reconciled, in part, through the implementation of SDG 17. To conclude, this chapter asserts that a level playing field in international trade must be created through the elimination of distorting trade measures in a manner that recognises the social, environmental and cultural dimensions of food security.

The Impact of Dietary Changes on Agriculture, Trade, Environment and Health: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-164
Author(s):  
Inna Geibel ◽  
Florian Freund ◽  
Martin Banse
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Rebound Effect ◽  
Agricultural Markets ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Dietary Changes ◽  
Animal Source Foods ◽  
Animal Source ◽  
The Impact

Animal-source foods are a major component of global diets and are increasingly criticised because of their adverse impacts on environment, climate and health. A shift in diets towards plant-based foods is a discussed option to overcome these problems. Much of the scientific emphasis so far has been on estimating the potential of such a dietary change to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve health outcomes while less attention has been attracted on studies analysing the impacts on agricultural markets. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview and, therefore, summarizes existing studies on the effects of a reduced consumption of animal-source foods on agricultural markets, greenhouse gas emissions, food security and health. In addition, available studies on the so‑called rebound effect are presented. The identified studies suggest that a reduction in the consumption of meat in the EU or OECD would lead to a 1‑10% decrease in meat world market prices, depending on the magnitude and particularities of the assumed dietary changes. This would translate to a 3‑10% reduction in production. The lower domestic demand for meat could also negatively affect welfare outcomes and GDP. However, it has to be mentioned that these studies do not take into account the consequences of improved environmental and health conditions. In fact, our review indicates that reductions in greenhouse gas emissions could generally be proportional to the magnitude of plant-based diets. The maximum reduction potentials of 60-70% could be found for global vegetarian or vegan diets. However, some studies indicate that a shift in food expenditure towards other resource-intensive goods could lead to a rebound effect. Further, this overview suggests that environmental and public health objectives might be in alignment as all identified studies indicate that a reduction in meat consumption in high‑income countries could be associated with lower rates of mortality and non-communicable diseases. This overview reveals the complex relationships between food demand, agricultural supply, international trade, environment, health and food security.

THE ROLE OF COOPERATIVE ORGANIZATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL AGRICULTURAL MARKETS IN THE FOOD SECURITY SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-153
Author(s):  
Alsu Nabieva
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Security System ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Agricultural Markets ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Special Degree ◽  
Agricultural Organizations

The relevance of the role of cooperative organizations in the development of regional agricultural markets in the food security system of the Russian Federation is determined by a special degree of state priority in the system of providing the population with food products guaranteed at any time. The main place in ensuring food security is occupied by functioning organizational and economic forms of producers of agro-food products. Agricultural organizations and enterprises, peasants and farmers, individual entrepreneurs and rural farmsteads are directly involved in the creation of food funds in Russia. The author analyzes the level of participation of different organizational and legal groups in the cultivation of agricultural products, argues for the need to activate the innovative activities of agricultural organizations and enterprises, more qualified inclusion of cooperative principles in the production activities of cooperative societies in the development of agriculture, increasing the production of agricultural products by agricultural organizations, rural farmsteads and farmers, their share in the growth of economic efficiency, improving the competitiveness of agricultural producers, improving living conditions in rural areas

Food Security Surveillance in the Palestinian Territories

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (S2) ◽  
pp. S20-S21
Author(s):  
Gregg Greenough ◽  
Ziad Abdeen ◽  
Bdour Dandies ◽  
Radwan Qasrawi
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Palestinian Territories ◽  
Security Surveillance

Averting robo-bees: why free-flying robotic bees are a bad idea

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-729
Author(s):  
Roslyn Gleadow ◽  
Jim Hanan ◽  
Alan Dorin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Food Security ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Plant Insect Interactions ◽  
Native Habitat ◽  
Insect Pollinators ◽  
Insect Interactions

Food security and the sustainability of native ecosystems depends on plant-insect interactions in countless ways. Recently reported rapid and immense declines in insect numbers due to climate change, the use of pesticides and herbicides, the introduction of agricultural monocultures, and the destruction of insect native habitat, are all potential contributors to this grave situation. Some researchers are working towards a future where natural insect pollinators might be replaced with free-flying robotic bees, an ecologically problematic proposal. We argue instead that creating environments that are friendly to bees and exploring the use of other species for pollination and bio-control, particularly in non-European countries, are more ecologically sound approaches. The computer simulation of insect-plant interactions is a far more measured application of technology that may assist in managing, or averting, ‘Insect Armageddon' from both practical and ethical viewpoints.

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