Nimodipine Treatment Improves Cognitive Functions in Vascular Dementia

1989 ◽  
pp. 360-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Tobares ◽  
A. Pedromingo ◽  
J. Bigorra
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Functions

scholarly journals Association of Serum FAM19A5 with Cognitive Impairment in Vascular Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Li ◽  
Shoulin Li ◽  
Yihong Song ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Xiaohao Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Baseline Data ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Normal Controls

Objective. Family with sequence similarity 19 member A5 (FAM19A5), a novel chemokine-like peptide, is a secreted protein mainly expressed in the brain. FAM19A5 was recently found to be involved in a variety of neurological diseases; however, its correlation with vascular dementia (VaD) remains unclear. The aim of the study is to explore the association between serum FAM19A5 and cognitive impairment in subjects with VaD. Method. 136 VaD subjects and 81 normal controls were recruited in the study. Their demographic and clinical baseline data were collected on admission. All subjects received Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) evaluation, which was used to test their cognitive functions. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to detect the serum levels of FAM19A5. Results. No significant differences were found between the two groups regarding the demographic and clinical baseline data (p>0.05). The serum FAM19A5 levels were significantly higher compared to normal controls (p<0.001). The Spearman correlation analysis indicated that serum FAM19A5 levels and MMSE scores have a significant negative correlation in VaD patients (r=−0.414, <0.001). Further multiple regression analysis indicated that serum FAM19A5 levels were independent risk predictors for cognitive functions in VaD (β=0.419, p=0.031). Conclusion. The serum FAM19A5 level of VaD patients is significantly increased, which may serve as a biomarker to predict cognitive function of VaD.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF UNSATURATED INDICATORS FATTY ACIDS IN ELDERLY PATIENTS IN INITIAL STAGES OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND VASCULAR DEMENTIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
Е. Е. Дубинина ◽  
Л. В. Щедрина ◽  
К. В. Ющин ◽  
Е. В. Светкина ◽  
Н. М. Залуцкая ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Omega 3

Снижение когнитивных функций вплоть до развития деменции у пожилых людей связывают с уменьшением в крови уровня полиненасыщенных жирных кислот, особенно Омега-3, которое происходит на фоне окислительного стресса. В работе представлен сравнительный анализ спектра полиненасыщенных жирных кислот и активности отдельных компонентов ферментативной антиоксидантной системы в крови у лиц пожилого возраста с нарушением показателей когнитивного функционирования до уровня «мягкое когнитивное снижение» первично-атрофической (MCI БА, продромальная болезнь Альцгеймера) или васкулярной этиологии (MCI СД, продромальная сосудистая деменция) по сравнению с пожилыми людьми без признаков нарушений когнитивных функций. Выявлено снижение концентрации Омега-3 полиненасыщенных жирных кислот в крови обеих групп обследованных больных по сравнению с контрольной группой. У пациентов с MCI БА обнаружено резкое снижение концентрации арахидоновой кислоты (Омега-6) по сравнению с больными MCI СД и контрольной группой. Выявленное нами снижение активности антиоксидантной ферментативной системы и снижение полиненасыщенных жирных кислот за счет их пероксидации свидетельствует об интенсификации процессов окислительного стресса у пациентов с нарушением когнитивных функций. Обсуждается вопрос о патогенетической роли арахидоновой кислоты у больных, предрасположенных в будущем к развитию болезни Альцгеймера. A decrease in cognitive functions up to the development of dementia in the elderly is associated with a decrease in the blood level of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially Omega-3, which occurs against the background of oxidative stress. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the spectrum of polyunsaturated fatty acids and the activity of individual components of the enzymatic antioxidant system in the blood of elderly people with impaired cognitive performance to the level of «mild cognitive decline» (MCI AD, prodromal Alzheimer’s disease) or vascular etiology (MCI VaD, prodromal vascular dementia) compared with older people without signs of cognitive impairment. A decrease in the concentration of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the blood of both groups of the examined patients was revealed compared with the control group. In patients with AD MCI, a sharp decrease in the concentration of arachidonic acid (Omega-6) was detected compared with patients with MCI VaD and the control group. The decrease in the activity of the antioxidant enzymatic system and the decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acids due to their peroxidation revealed in this study indicate an intensification of the OS processes in patients with impaired cognitive functions. The question of the pathogenetic role of arachidonic acid in patients predisposed in the future to the development of AD is discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of antihypertensive treatment Lisinopril on central arterial stiffness and cognitive functions in Dahl‐S rat model of vascular dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga V. Fedorova ◽  
Rachel C. Fenner ◽  
Yulia N. Grigorova ◽  
Ross McDevitt ◽  
Ondrej Juhasz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Antihypertensive Treatment

scholarly journals Features of cognitive functions in patients with vascular dementia with different localization of brain lesions

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Igor Linskiy ◽  
Oleksandr Zlobin
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Cognitive Domains

The aim of the study was to determine the features of cognitive functions in patients with vascular dementia with different localization of brain damage. 157 people with a diagnosis of vascular dementia were examined. Group 1 (G1) included 22 people with localization of the pathological process in the frontal lobe, group 2 (G2) — 18 patients with lesions of the temporal lobe, group 3 (G3) — 17 patients with lesions of the parietal lobe, group 4 (G4) — 15 patients with lesions of the occipital lobe, group 5 (G5) — 68 people with total defeat. Research methods: clinical-psychopathological, clinical-instrumental, experimental-psychological, anamnestic, clinical-statistical. In G1, the most affected cognitive domain is abstraction, in addition, a significant cognitive decline is observed in domains such as “delayed recollection”, “attention (numbers)” and “speech (repeating)”. For G2, the most pronounced decline in cognitive functioning occurred in such domains as “delayed recollection”, “fluency” and “counting”. There is also a decrease in the domains “speech (repeating)” and “attention (numbers)”. In G3, the most affected cognitive domains are fluency and speech (repetition), which is apparently due to the location of the Brock center, responsible for language, in the parietal lobes; in addition, a significant cognitive decline is observed in such a domain as “delayed recollection”. For G4, the most pronounced decrease in cognitive functioning occurred in such domains as “visual-constructive skills” and “naming objects”, which is a direct consequence of the defeat of visual centers. In G5, in general, there was the strongest cognitive decline, compared with individuals from the groups with localized pathology, which corresponded to moderate dementia. Most cognitive domains showed a statistically significant decrease compared to other groups.

scholarly journals Effects of agmatine on cognitive functions during vascular dementia in biological aging through eNOS and BDNF expression

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bülent Bağcı ◽  
Tijen Utkan ◽  
Yusufhan Yazir ◽  
Feyza Aricioglu ◽  
Gökçe Sevim Öztürk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Bdnf Expression

Risk factors for vascular dementia in elderly psychiatric outpatients with preserved cognitive functions

2007 ◽  
Vol 257 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 247-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florindo Stella ◽  
Claudio E.M. Banzato ◽  
Elisandra Villela Gasparetto Sé ◽  
Juliana Leme Scudeler ◽  
Jaime Lisandro Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Psychiatric Outpatients

scholarly journals Efficacy of statins in improving cognitive functions in vascular dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 191-193
Author(s):  
Tamar lazashvili ◽  
Revaz Tabukashvili ◽  
Vera Kapetivadze ◽  
Zviadi Maglapheridze ◽  
Marina Kuparadze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Neuropsychological Status

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of statins in improving cognitive function in patients with vascular dementia. As the most important etiological factors of the disease are atherosclerotic vascular lesions, one of the important areas of treatment is lipid metabolism analysis and drug treatment for dyslipidemia. Methods: 31 patients were selected for the study, ages 65-65 years, 18 males, 13 females. Twenty patients were included in the study group, treated with Simvastatin (80 mg daily dose). 11 patients were included in the control group. They received placebo therapy. Patients were examined every 4 weeks for 12 weeks using a neuropsychological test with mini-mental scaling, and both groups had low-density lipoprotein and cholesterol levels before and after treatment. Results: In the 12-week post-treatment group, low-density lipoprotein levels were reduced by 54% and cholesterol by 48%. Neuropsychological status examination revealed deterioration of cognitive functions and no difference was observed between study and control group data. Conclusion: Based on the data obtained from our study, it should be noted that correction of lipid metabolism by statins in patients with vascular dementia did not lead to a reduction in cognitive impairment and clinical improvement in patients with vascular dementia.

The Effect of Long-Term Environmental Enrichment in Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion-Induced Memory Impairment in Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Min Park ◽  
Ho-Hyun Seong ◽  
Han-Byeol Jin ◽  
Youn-Jung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion ◽  
Cerebral Hypoperfusion ◽  
Vegf Expression ◽  
Y Maze

Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common cause of dementia. It occurs when the cerebral blood supply is reduced by disarrangement of the circulatory system. Environmental enrichment (EE) has been associated with cognitive improvement, motor function recovery, and anxiety relief with respect to various neurodegenerative diseases and emotional stress models. The purpose of this study was to determine whether long-term EE influenced cognitive impairment in a rat model of chronic hypoperfusion induced by permanent occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries (BCCAo). The Y-maze and Morris water maze tests were performed to evaluate the rats’ cognitive functions. Also, the protein expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), phosphorylated cAMP-calcium response element binding protein (pCREB), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were confirmed by Western blot. The microvessels and angiogenesis-associated proteins in the hippocampal region were investigated using immunohistochemistry. The VaD + EE group showed significantly better cognitive functions than the VaD group in both the Y-maze and MWM tests. In addition, the VaD + EE group showed significantly increased expression of BDNF, pCREB, and VEGF in the hippocampus compared to the VaD group. Rats in the VaD + EE group also had increased length of microvessels and VEGF expression in the hippocampus. These results suggest that long-term EE exerts neuroprotective effects against cognitive impairment induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion through the enhancement of BDNF, pCREB, and VEGF expression and indicate that EE may be a good nursing intervention in vascular dementia patients.

Language processing is not a race against time

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giosuè Baggio ◽  
Carmelo M. Vicario
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Memory Systems ◽  
Language System ◽  
Moderating Factors

AbstractWe agree with Christiansen & Chater (C&C) that language processing and acquisition are tightly constrained by the limits of sensory and memory systems. However, the human brain supports a range of cognitive functions that mitigate the effects of information processing bottlenecks. The language system is partly organised around these moderating factors, not just around restrictions on storage and computation.

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