scholarly journals Marine and Coastal Ecosystems: Delivery of Goods and Services, Through Sustainable Use and Conservation

2015 ◽  
pp. 83-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Borja ◽  
Arantza Murillas-Maza ◽  
Marta Pascual ◽  
María C. Uyarra
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Goods And Services

scholarly journals Video Image Enhancement and Machine Learning Pipeline for Underwater Animal Detection and Classification at Cabled Observatories

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanesa Lopez-Vazquez ◽  
Jose Manuel Lopez-Guede ◽  
Simone Marini ◽  
Emanuela Fanelli ◽  
Espen Johnsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Enhancement ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Image Annotation ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Video Image ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Monitoring Networks ◽  
Goods And Services

An understanding of marine ecosystems and their biodiversity is relevant to sustainable use of the goods and services they offer. Since marine areas host complex ecosystems, it is important to develop spatially widespread monitoring networks capable of providing large amounts of multiparametric information, encompassing both biotic and abiotic variables, and describing the ecological dynamics of the observed species. In this context, imaging devices are valuable tools that complement other biological and oceanographic monitoring devices. Nevertheless, large amounts of images or movies cannot all be manually processed, and autonomous routines for recognizing the relevant content, classification, and tagging are urgently needed. In this work, we propose a pipeline for the analysis of visual data that integrates video/image annotation tools for defining, training, and validation of datasets with video/image enhancement and machine and deep learning approaches. Such a pipeline is required to achieve good performance in the recognition and classification tasks of mobile and sessile megafauna, in order to obtain integrated information on spatial distribution and temporal dynamics. A prototype implementation of the analysis pipeline is provided in the context of deep-sea videos taken by one of the fixed cameras at the LoVe Ocean Observatory network of Lofoten Islands (Norway) at 260 m depth, in the Barents Sea, which has shown good classification results on an independent test dataset with an accuracy value of 76.18% and an area under the curve (AUC) value of 87.59%.

scholarly journals An Approach to Conservation and Sustainable Use in Coastal Ecosystems: Confronting the Real Issues and the Solutions

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 98-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satomi KAMIMURA ◽  
Masakazu HORI ◽  
Masahiro NAKAOKA
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
The Real

GENERATIONAL DEMATERIALISATION OF ENERGY IN THE WORLD ECONOMY: EVALUATION APPROACH FOR SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT POLICY

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 291-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
JADWIGA ZIOLKOWSKA ◽  
BOZYDAR ZIOLKOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Economics ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
World Energy ◽  
The World ◽  
Management Policies

Several methods and ecological indicators are used in environmental economics to analyse the process of sustainable use of natural resources. These approaches are helpful in measuring and assessing the intensity (efficiency) of products' use and their impact on the environment. However, they do not sufficiently reflect the dynamics and improvements in the achieved outcomes as compared to the population (generation) growth. Moreover, they do not allow always analysing product changes on the world level. Referring to this existing gap, we conceptualise a new approach — product generational dematerialisation (PGD) indicator, measuring product efficiency and population changes in relative values, and use it for investigating the dematerialisation for the world energy sector in the last 35 years. The indicator can be used as a new methodical tool to support and evaluate sustainable management policies on the enterprise, regional, national, and international level as well as for different resources, goods, and services.

scholarly journals Coastal Resources Conservation in Indonesia: Issues, Policies, and Future Directions

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Victor PH Nikijuluw
Keyword(s):  
Seagrass Meadow ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Status ◽  
Resources Conservation ◽  
Future Economic Development

Blessed with vast coastal region, Indonesia has developed its economy by better utilizing the available resources therein. The coastal region, consisting of about 81,000 km shoreline and more than 17,000 small islands, has provided huge contribution to the national economy and served as the solid basis for various human activities. The region and its resources should be sustainably available and existed to support the country’s future economic development. Nevertheless there is a serious concern for its future, particularly regarding the status of the resources which essentially are the important life supporting system. The main coastal ecosystems that constitute Indonesian coastal region are mangrove forest, seagrass meadow, and coral reefs. Variety of goods and services are produced by these coastal ecosystems. Some of the goods and services are exploitable, usable, marketable, tradable, and highly priced. Some other goods and services, however, are remained unidentified, non-quantified, non-tradable, and unable to be monetized by using the existing technologies and market mechanisms. Consequently, the resources tend be underestimated and undervalued and eventually misused and mismanaged.

scholarly journals THE BRAZILIAN ‘ECOLOGICAL-ICMS’: A PES SCHEME BASED ON DISTRIBUTION OF TAX REVENUE

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 421-439
Author(s):  
Matheus Linck Bassani
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Payment For Ecosystem Services ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Brazilian Legislation ◽  
Deductive Method

The scope of this legal brief is to analyze the Brazilian legislation concerning the ‘Ecological-ICMS’, the ‘ecological’ State value-added tax imposed on the circulation of goods and services – ICMS. Using a deductive method, it was identified this tax mechanism operates as a type of ‘payment for ecosystem services’ (PES) scheme in practice, offering the possibility to stimulate environmental protection by distributing revenue from ICMS collected by States to Municipalities that promote conservation of ecosystems and biodiversity. This type of measure was motivated by the need to address challenges in providing economic compensation for Municipalities that undertook environmental protection measures in Brazil, and can serve as a form of positive incentive for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. 

scholarly journals THE BRAZILIAN ‘ECOLOGICAL-ICMS’: A PES SCHEME BASED ON DISTRIBUTION OF TAX REVENUE

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 421-439
Author(s):  
Matheus Linck Bassani
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Payment For Ecosystem Services ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Brazilian Legislation ◽  
Deductive Method

The scope of this legal brief is to analyze the Brazilian legislation concerning the ‘Ecological-ICMS’, the ‘ecological’ State value-added tax imposed on the circulation of goods and services – ICMS. Using a deductive method, it was identified this tax mechanism operates as a type of ‘payment for ecosystem services’ (PES) scheme in practice, offering the possibility to stimulate environmental protection by distributing revenue from ICMS collected by States to Municipalities that promote conservation of ecosystems and biodiversity. This type of measure was motivated by the need to address challenges in providing economic compensation for Municipalities that undertook environmental protection measures in Brazil, and can serve as a form of positive incentive for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. 

COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS AND CHANGING ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES: CHALLENGES FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyashree Roy ◽  
Joyashree Roy ◽  
Satabdi Datta ◽  
Satabdi Datta ◽  
Preeti Kapuria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Stakeholder Groups ◽  
Sustainability Transition ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats

The wide variety of economic activities, which prevail along the coasts, has either direct or indirect connectivity with the coastal ecosystems through its provisioning of a diverse range of goods and services. However, these systems are permanently under pressure due to natural and anthropogenic threats. This field based study documents the changing pattern of economic activities along selected coastal stretches in South Asia at Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka. Economic activities vary with coastal ecosystem types and service flows there from. Field study sites were identified based on multiple meetings and discussions with the policy makers in each of the countries and they continued to be the part of scientific discussions within ecology-economy framework through the project lifetime. In depth enquiry and analysis were carried out to understand perception of various economic stakeholder groups to natural and anthropogenic threats in the coastal regions and resultant vulnerability and risks. Often threats get intensified by rapid urbanization triggered by changing pattern of coastal economy due to tourism expansion and modernization of traditional activities.

The power of green public procurement

elni Review ◽  
2006 ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Jill Michielssen
Keyword(s):  
Public Procurement ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Greenhouse Emissions ◽  
Desktop Computers ◽  
Green Public Procurement ◽  
The Eu

Europe's public authorities spend the equivalent of approximately 16% of the EU's GDP on purchasing goods and services. It is therefore crucial that public procurement takes into account environmental protection if the EU is to achieve its Kyoto Protocol target of reducing greenhouse emissions by 8% from 1990 levels, by 2012. “Green” procurement can also contribute significantly to the EU's Strategy for Growth and Jobs. The EU has been legislating on public procurement since 1971 but in 2004, it adopted a new series of public procurement directives which make it absolutely clear that public authorities can take into account the environment when procuring goods, services and works. In 2003, a European Commission study showed that if all public bodies in the EU switched to green electricity, they would avoid more than 60 million tonnes of CO2 emissions per year, thus contributing towards 18% of the EU’s Kyoto target. Each year, the public sector buys more than 2.8 million PCs. If it started purchasing energy-efficient desktop computers, another 830 000 tonnes of CO2 would be prevented, which would bring us an additional 0.25% closer to the Kyoto goal. Other environmental benefits include more sustainable use of natural resources, waste prevention and recycling, and more sustainable cities.

Canopy Research in Nepal Himalayas: Opportunities and Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mohan P. Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
Canopy Research

 Despite a rapidly expanding interdisciplinary field worldwide, forest canopies of Nepal Himalayas are yet to be explored and the national conservation strategy still has to recognize the importance to identify it as an essential domain of canopy dwelling animals and plants. In the last few decades canopy science has emerged as a new discipline with more interdisciplinary and large-scale research possibilities are coming including canopy-atmosphere interactions, structural and functional aspects of canopy on biodiversity are a few among them. Canopies are important in supporting high terrestrial diversity and providing goods and services. Diverse rural mountain societies not only depend on goods and services provided by canopy but it also provides opportunities to explore sustainable use of resources for local livelihood generation. New frontiers of forest canopy research can also provide inputs to understand the potential impacts of climate change on the changing availability of goods and services affecting rural communities of Nepal. Yet, it still remains one of the unexplored and overlooked areas in the biodiversity sector of Nepal. Here, the opportunities of canopy research in Nepal Himalayas and various challenges associated with this are reviewed.

An Analysis of ‘Operation Phakisa’ to Unlock the Potential of Ocean Resources in South Africa

2020 ◽  
pp. 002190962092188
Author(s):  
Kola Sola Odeku
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The People ◽  
Economic Goods ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

South Africa is endowed with vast ocean resources and wealth which have the potential to provide enormous socio-economic goods and services to the people and create massive economic growth and wealth if vigorously explored and tapped. This assertion is made against the backdrop of the recent government strategical initiative, under the auspices of ‘Operation Phakisa’, to unlock and explore the full potential of the ocean’s wealth to drive economic growth, create jobs and alleviate poverty. This paper seeks to accentuate that the Operation Phakisa initiative has the potential to strategically unlock underexplored ocean resources for purposes of creating sustainable economic growth, development, and alleviation of hunger and poverty. It concludes that effective and sustainable use of the ocean’s wealth depends on good, efficient governance policies, practices and management. Methodically, a qualitative non-empirical research approach was adopted and utilized in this study by sourcing, drawing upon and using information and insights from contemporary literature to address identified problems.

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