Introduction | ScienceGate

This study aims to analyze economic growth of production centers of leading agricultural commodities food crops in West Sumatera Province. The data used in this study are secondary data with descriptive analysis tool by comparing the economic growth: GDP, agricultural sector and food crop subsector in West Sumatera Province before and after the establishment of production centers for food commodities. The productivity level of leading agricultural commodities in each region that has been determined tends to fluctuate and have not always increased. The rate of economic growth reflected in GDP of the food crops actually decreased significantly from 2014 to 2016. This illustrates that the establishment of production center areas has not fully been able to increase the productivity of production centers nor increase the economic growth of food crops subsector, agricultural sector and the overall economic growth rate in West Sumatera Province.

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Export-Import Performance of Major Agricultural Commodities in India

Economic Affairs ◽

10.46852/0424-2513.1.2021.15 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jitender Kumar Bhatia

Keyword(s):

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Agricultural Products ◽

Foreign Trade Policy ◽

Agricultural Commodities ◽

Agricultural Export ◽

Agricultural Exports ◽

Recent Trends ◽

Indian Product

Recent trends in the international trade scenario and related shifts in India’s foreign trade policy have had far-reaching consequences for India’s general agricultural sector and, in particular, for agricultural exports. The Indian product of agriculture has played an important part in the global product of agriculture. For many agricultural commodities, India used to be the key export spot. The present study established the growth and output of agricultural exports from India during the time (2000-2019). India is the top tenth exporter of agricultural products in the world. Top exports comprise sugar, beef, rice, and shrimp. Export of principal agricultural products including rice, wheat, sugar, cotton, fruits, and vegetables are ‘free’ whereas export of pulses (excluding chickpea) and edible vegetable oil in bulk (excluding coconut and rice bran oils) are ‘restricted’ to meet domestic demand. Indian agricultural exports have increased, but the proportion of agricultural exports to the country’s overall exports has decreased. The research also explores the evolving behavior of the allocation of each category of commodities to the overall agricultural export basket. It covers the major agricultural products/crops which, over different periods, contribute to the maximum share of total agricultural exports (2000-2019). Higher agricultural exports would mean better price realization for farmers, increased awareness regarding good agricultural practices, and consequently thrust for quality also.

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‘Green revolution’ dwarf gene sd1 of rice has gigantic impact

Briefings in Functional Genomics ◽

10.1093/bfgp/elaa019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (5-6) ◽

pp. 390-409

Author(s):

Vikram Singh Gaur ◽

Giresh Channappa ◽

Mridul Chakraborti ◽

Tilak Raj Sharma ◽

Tapan Kumar Mondal

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Green Revolution ◽

Evolutionary Relationship ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Cultivated Rice ◽

Dwarf Gene ◽

The World ◽

Food Grain ◽

High Yielding Varieties ◽

The 1960S

Abstract Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal that has fed the world over a longer period. Before green revolution, cultivated rice is believed to have consisted of thousands of landraces each adapted to its specific climatic conditions by surviving against different abiotic and biotic selection pressure. However, owing to the low yield, photo-period sensitivity, late maturity and sensitivity to lodging of these landraces grown world-wide, serious concerns of impending global food crisis was felt during the 1960s because of (i) unprecedented increase of the population and (ii) concomitant decline in the cultivable land. Fortunately, high-yielding varieties developed through the introgression of the semi-dwarf1 gene (popularly known as sd1) during the 1960s led to significant increments in the food grain production that averted the apprehensions of nearing famine. This historical achievement having deep impact in the global agriculture is popularly referred as ‘Green Revolution.’ In this paper, we reviewed, its genetics as well as molecular regulations, evolutionary relationship with orthologous genes from other cereals as well as pseudo-cereals and attempted to provide an up-to-date information about its introgression to different rice cultivars of the world.

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Export Performance and Competitiveness of Indonesian Food Commodities

JEJAK ◽

10.15294/jejak.v10i2.11294 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 289-301

Author(s):

Firmansyah Firmansyah ◽

Wahyu Widodo ◽

Karsinah Karsinah ◽

Shanty Oktavilia

Keyword(s):

Comparative Advantage ◽

World Trade ◽

Free Market ◽

Market Competition ◽

Food Crops ◽

Market Penetration ◽

Agricultural Commodities ◽

Commodity Trade ◽

Trade Specialization ◽

The World

The developments of the world trade requires the improvement of the competitiveness of products, including agricultural commodities. At the regional level, Indonesias agricultural commodities face the ASEAN free market competition. This study aims to identify and examine the competitiveness of Indonesian exports of several agricultural commodities in the international market by employing the index of competitiveness of trade specialization by trade specialization index (TSI), and the index of market penetration, by revealed comparative advantage (RCA). This study observed the HS 4 digit agricultural commodities, along 2011-2015. The study finds that the index of commodity trade specialization of estate crops sub-sector is in a stage of maturation of the world trade, or it has a very strong competitiveness. The food crops sub-sector stand on the introduction stage of the world trade or it has low competitiveness, or in other words, Indonesia is a net importer of the sector commodities. Although some of commodities have the strong competitiveness, but on the other hand, they do not have a strong comparative advantage. This is shown by the RCA value that less than 1. It means that a part of agricultural commodities, namely food crops, horticulture and estate, are still import oriented.The developments of the world trade requires the improvement of the competitiveness of products, including agricultural commodities. At the regional level, Indonesias agricultural commodities face the ASEAN free market competition. This study aims to identify and examine the competitiveness of Indonesian exports of several agricultural commodities in the international market by employing the index of competitiveness of trade specialization by trade specialization index (TSI), and the index of market penetration, by revealed comparative advantage (RCA). This study observed the HS 4 digit agricultural commodities, along 2011-2015. The study finds that the index of commodity trade specialization of estate crops sub-sector is in a stage of maturation of the world trade, or it has a very strong competitiveness. The food crops sub-sector stand on the introduction stage of the world trade or it has low competitiveness, or in other words, Indonesia is a net importer of the sector commodities. Although some of commodities have the strong competitiveness, but on the other hand, they do not have a strong comparative advantage. This is shown by the RCA value that less than 1. It means that a part of agricultural commodities, namely food crops, horticulture and estate, are still import oriented.

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Opportunities for Agricultural Trade in the Context of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor

Business and Economic Research ◽

10.5296/ber.v9i1.14263 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 263

Author(s):

Muhammad Aamir Shahzad ◽

Amar Razzaq ◽

Muhammad Aslam ◽

Muhammad Faisal Gulzar ◽

Muhammad Asad ur Rehman Naseer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Meat Products ◽

Agricultural Trade ◽

Agricultural Commodities ◽

Export Share ◽

Agricultural Exports ◽

Equal Share ◽

Acre Yield ◽

Central Asian ◽

The World

The CPEC provides new avenues for agricultural trade between Pakistan and China. In this context, this study aims to explore the opportunities for trade between Pakistan, China, and the Central Asian States. To this end, the study analyzed the structure of agricultural exports and imports of Pakistan with China and the Central Asian States. China’s share in the production of agricultural commodities is dominant in the world. China’s per acre yield of pulses has the highest position in the world. The structure of Pakistan imports revealed that Pakistan spends billions of rupees on the imports of agricultural commodities. China’s import structure revealed that it spends billions of dollars on the imports of maize, wheat, rice, horticultural fruits, and vegetables. The Central Asian states also import wheat, meat products, agricultural inputs, and horticultural commodities from neighboring countries. The export/import volume of China with the Central Asian states has an almost equal share. However, the results indicate that there is a large gap between China and Pakistan’s export and import shares. China has a higher share of imports while Pakistan has low export share with China. The study recommends to the policymakers that the volume of export should be increased with China as well as the Central Asian states.

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ANALISIS SUB SEKTOR UNGGULAN YANG BERDAYA SAING PADA SEKTOR PERTANIAN DI KABUPATEN LANGKAT

TABULARASA ◽

10.24114/jt.v11i2.3263 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Rif’an Harahap

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Human Resources ◽

Local Governments ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Regional Economic Growth ◽

Food Crops ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Welfare Society ◽

Decentralized Governance

System changes from centralized to decentralized governance has provided an opportunity for local governments to regulate and manage Natural Resources (NR) and Human Resources (HR) in the region to create a welfare society can be characterized by the growth of regional economic growth. The research was conducted to determine the contribution and sub-sectors growth in the agricultural sector and a base and competitive sub-sectors so that it can be seen the leading subsectors of agriculture. The analysis method used is descriptive analysis will illustrate how the rate of growth and the contribution of sub-sectors in the agricultural sector. Location Quetiont (LQ) Analysis was used to determine the base and non-base sub-sector. While the analysis of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) is used to see the sub-sector competitiveness. The combination of LQ and RCA analysis can then be used to determine the leading sub-sector. From the analysis it is known that sub-sector of the agricultural sector is a base sub-sector which has the potential to become the leading sub-sector. Meanwhile, from the RCA analysis is known that the base of the agricultural sector has a highly competitive sub-sectors are food crops, tree crops, livestock and forestry.

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ANALISIS SUB SEKTOR UNGGULAN YANG BERDAYA SAING PADA SEKTOR PERTANIAN DI KABUPATEN LANGKAT

TABULARASA ◽

10.24114/jt.v11i2.3262 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Rif’an Harahap

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Human Resources ◽

Local Governments ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Regional Economic Growth ◽

Food Crops ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Welfare Society ◽

Decentralized Governance

System changes from centralized to decentralized governance has provided an opportunity for local governments to regulate and manage Natural Resources (NR) and Human Resources (HR) in the region to create a welfare society can be characterized by the growth of regional economic growth. The research was conducted to determine the contribution and sub-sectors growth in the agricultural sector and a base and competitive sub-sectors so that it can be seen the leading subsectors of agriculture. The analysis method used is descriptive analysis will illustrate how the rate of growth and the contribution of sub-sectors in the agricultural sector. Location Quetiont (LQ) Analysis was used to determine the base and non-base sub-sector. While the analysis of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) is used to see the sub-sector competitiveness. The combination of LQ and RCA analysis can then be used to determine the leading sub-sector. From the analysis it is known that sub-sector of the agricultural sector is a base sub-sector which has the potential to become the leading sub-sector. Meanwhile, from the RCA analysis is known that the base of the agricultural sector has a highly competitive sub-sectors are food crops, tree crops, livestock and forestry.

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Peranan Sektor Pertanian dalam Perekonomian Kabupaten Manokwari

Agrotek ◽

10.30862/agt.v3i1.550 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kunto Wibowo

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Sector ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Least Square ◽

Food Crops ◽

Literature Study ◽

Location Quotient ◽

Ordinary Least Square ◽

Plantation Crops ◽

Vegetables And Fruits

The agricultural sector is a strategic sector in Manokwari regency. The agricultural sector provides a major contribution in the regional economy, an economic base of rural people, dominate the life of most residents in this region and provider of food and raw materials for other sectors. The purpose of this study was to determine how big the contribution of different sub-sectors that exist in the agricultural sector, which analyzes sectors influential in changing the economic structure of agriculture in the area and know the potential commodities that can be developed in an effort to enhance the role of the agricultural sector. The research method used through literature study and analysis of secondary data sourced from the relevant authorities. To find out how big the factors that influence changes in economic structures of domination of the agricultural sector into non-agricultural sector estimates used Ordinary Least Square (OLS). For the determination of the potential commodities that can be seeded used method approach Location Quotient (LQ). The results showed the greatest contribution of the different sub-sectors within the agricultural sector contained in the food crops sub-sector. Based on the rate of growth per year, plantation crops sub-sector occupied the highest positions. The sectors that provide real impact on the agricultural sector's contribution to the regional gross domestic product �of the building sector and services sector. Potential commodities that can be developed in different areas in Manokwari regency include food crops and pulses, vegetables and fruits and livestock including cows, goats, pigs and chicken.

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Current State and Trends of Export and Import of Fruits and Vegetables in the World

Economy of agricultural and processing enterprises ◽

10.31442/0235-2494-2019-0-6-56-63 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 56-63

Author(s):

Yu.I. Agirbov ◽

◽

R.R. Mukhametzyanov ◽

D.V. Storozhev ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Current State ◽

The World

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Russia in the World Production and Market of Potatoes and Fruit and Vegetable Products

Economy of agricultural and processing enterprises ◽

10.31442/0235-2494-2020-0-9-74-83 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 74-83

Author(s):

Yu.I. Agirbov ◽

◽

R.R. Mukhametzyanov ◽

E.V. Britik ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

World Market ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Global Rating ◽

Vegetable Production ◽

World Production ◽

Fruit And Vegetable ◽

Vegetable Products ◽

The World ◽

Qualitative Changes

In 1961-2018 in the world as a whole, the gross harvest of potatoes increased from 290.6 million tons to 368.2 million tons, that is, 1.36 times. Over the same period, the production of vegetables and food melons increased from 197.7 million tons to 1,088.8 million tons (5.51 times), and fruits and berries from 199.9 million tons to 867.8 million tons (4.34 times). In a number of states in 1992-2018 the corresponding increase significantly exceeded the average values for the world as a whole, as a result of which their place in the global ranking increased, and the positions of some traditional producers of potatoes and fruits and vegetables decreased. For example, in terms of gross harvest of potatoes in 1992, Russia was in first place, and Poland was in third, while in 2018 they were in 4th and 9th positions, respectively. In terms of vegetable production, Italy and Japan were displaced from 4th and 5th places, which were taken by Turkey and Nigeria. In terms of gross harvests of fruits and berries, Turkey occupied the fifth position in total world production by 2018, although in 1992 it belonged to Italy. Quantitative and qualitative changes inevitably have a significant impact on both the volume of the world market and the parameters of international trade in potatoes, vegetables and melons, fruits and berries. Processes in foreign economic liberalization and economic integration contributed to an increase in the specialization and concentration of production of relevant plants in countries with more favorable natural and climatic conditions, as well as a gradual increase in demand for potatoes, vegetables and melons, fruits and berries from a number of states, including those that used to meet the needs of their population in large volumes at the expense of their own producers. The Russian Federation is one of the significant players in the world potato and fruit and vegetable market. Despite the increase in gross fruit and vegetable production in recent years, Russia’s positions in the global rating dropped from 7th to 10th place in vegetables and melons, from 20th to 31st place in fruits and berries. As for potatoes, there was a decrease in the volume of its production, as a result, Russia dropped from 1st place in 1992 to 4th place in 2018.

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