IR spectra of complexes of dichloroacetic acid with amines at high temperature

1977 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1544-1547 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Shraiber
1989 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Crawford ◽  
P. A. Morris ◽  
M. Roelofs ◽  
G. Gashurov

AbstractWe report infrared (IR) measurements of protons (H+), present as OH−, in KTiOPO4 grown by various techniques. The IR spectra are sensitive to the growth technique used. In high temperature hydrothermally grown crystals we observe IR bands which have strongly temperature dependent linewidths. The Arrhenius-type activation energies for these linewidths are small (6–15 meV). The IR bands are polarized and this information can aid in making OH− site assignments.


Author(s):  
D. V. Golubev ◽  
E. V. Savinkina ◽  
A. .. Al-Khazraji ◽  
M. N. Davydova

Complex compounds NiCl2·2HMTA·10H2O (1), CoCl2·2HMTA·10H2O (2), CoCl2·HMTA·4.5H2O (3) were prepared by the reaction of nickel(II) and cobalt(II) chlorides with urotropine (HMTA). Compounds 1 and 2 are isostructural, their structure corresponds to the earlier studied crystal structure [Ni(H2O)6]Cl2·4H2O·2HMTA. Thermal destruction of the complex compounds 1-3 was studied by TGA and high-temperature IR-spectroscopy. The TGA curve for compound 1 shows stepwise mass loss caused by two-stage loss of all water molecules (up to 170°C) and one urotropine molecule (up to 270°C) followed by decomposition of NiCl2·HMTA. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the resulting solid shows no reflections typical for the metal and its simplest nitrogen-, carbon- and chlorine-containing compounds. Thermal decomposition of сompounds 2 and 3 proceed similarly, but water is removed in one stage. IR spectra, which were recorded at high temperature (up to 220-230°C) show gradual decrease of intensity of the bands assigned to vibrations of water molecules. The bands of the methylene groups of urotropine do not change on heating. However, the bands of the C-N vibrations shift from ~1050 and ~1008 cm-1 in the spectra of urotropine and [M(H2O)6](HMTA)2Cl2·4H2O to 1015-1019 and 984-995 cm-1, respectively, indicating coordination of urotropine molecules instead of the removed water molecules. The long-wave IR spectra for NiCl2·6H2O and compound 1 at ambient temperature show bands of Ni-O stretching vibrations and O-Ni-O bending vibrations. After heating 1 at 115° C, bands of Ni-N and Ni-Cl appear, which indicates the coordination of urotropine molecules and chloride ions after the removal of outer-sphere and inner-sphere water molecules.


Polymer ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 124342
Author(s):  
Sadulla R. Allayarov ◽  
Matthew P. Confer ◽  
Sergei V. Demidov ◽  
Georgii V. Malkov ◽  
Svetlana A. Bogdanova ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
M.S. Grewal ◽  
S.A. Sastri ◽  
N.J. Grant

Currently there is a great interest in developing nickel base alloys with fine and uniform dispersion of stable oxide particles, for high temperature applications. It is well known that the high temperature strength and stability of an oxide dispersed alloy can be greatly improved by appropriate thermomechanical processing, but the mechanism of this strengthening effect is not well understood. This investigation was undertaken to study the dislocation substructures formed in beryllia dispersed nickel alloys as a function of cold work both with and without intermediate anneals. Two alloys, one Ni-lv/oBeo and other Ni-4.5Mo-30Co-2v/oBeo were investigated. The influence of the substructures produced by Thermo-Mechanical Processing (TMP) on the high temperature creep properties of these alloys was also evaluated.


Author(s):  
B. J. Hockey

Ceramics, such as Al2O3 and SiC have numerous current and potential uses in applications where high temperature strength, hardness, and wear resistance are required often in corrosive environments. These materials are, however, highly anisotropic and brittle, so that their mechanical behavior is often unpredictable. The further development of these materials will require a better understanding of the basic mechanisms controlling deformation, wear, and fracture.The purpose of this talk is to describe applications of TEM to the study of the deformation, wear, and fracture of Al2O3. Similar studies are currently being conducted on SiC and the techniques involved should be applicable to a wide range of hard, brittle materials.


Author(s):  
D. R. Clarke ◽  
G. Thomas

Grain boundaries have long held a special significance to ceramicists. In part, this has been because it has been impossible until now to actually observe the boundaries themselves. Just as important, however, is the fact that the grain boundaries and their environs have a determing influence on both the mechanisms by which powder compaction occurs during fabrication, and on the overall mechanical properties of the material. One area where the grain boundary plays a particularly important role is in the high temperature strength of hot-pressed ceramics. This is a subject of current interest as extensive efforts are being made to develop ceramics, such as silicon nitride alloys, for high temperature structural applications. In this presentation we describe how the techniques of lattice fringe imaging have made it possible to study the grain boundaries in a number of refractory ceramics, and illustrate some of the findings.


Author(s):  
E. R. Kimmel ◽  
H. L. Anthony ◽  
W. Scheithauer

The strengthening effect at high temperature produced by a dispersed oxide phase in a metal matrix is seemingly dependent on at least two major contributors: oxide particle size and spatial distribution, and stability of the worked microstructure. These two are strongly interrelated. The stability of the microstructure is produced by polygonization of the worked structure forming low angle cell boundaries which become anchored by the dispersed oxide particles. The effect of the particles on strength is therefore twofold, in that they stabilize the worked microstructure and also hinder dislocation motion during loading.


Author(s):  
Shiro Fujishiro ◽  
Harold L. Gegel

Ordered-alpha titanium alloys having a DO19 type structure have good potential for high temperature (600°C) applications, due to the thermal stability of the ordered phase and the inherent resistance to recrystallization of these alloys. Five different Ti-Al-Ga alloys consisting of equal atomic percents of aluminum and gallium solute additions up to the stoichiometric composition, Ti3(Al, Ga), were used to study the growth kinetics of the ordered phase and the nature of its interface.The alloys were homogenized in the beta region in a vacuum of about 5×10-7 torr, furnace cooled; reheated in air to 50°C below the alpha transus for hot working. The alloys were subsequently acid cleaned, annealed in vacuo, and cold rolled to about. 050 inch prior to additional homogenization


Author(s):  
J. L. Farrant ◽  
J. D. McLean

For electron microscope techniques such as ferritin-labeled antibody staining it would be advantageous to have available a simple means of thin sectioning biological material without subjecting it to lipid solvents, impregnation with plastic monomers and their subsequent polymerization. With this aim in view we have re-examined the use of protein as an embedding medium. Gelatin which has been used in the past is not very satisfactory both because of its fibrous nature and the high temperature necessary to keep its solutions fluid. We have found that globular proteins such as the serum and egg albumins can be cross-linked so as to yield blocks which are suitable for ultrathin sectioning.


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