Prediction of long-term strength of high-tensile cast iron with globular graphite structure on the basis of ultimate tensile strength

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
M. Chekh ◽  
A. Yakovlyuk ◽  
V. Osipyuk
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Term Strength ◽  
Globular Graphite ◽  
Graphite Structure

scholarly journals The Effect of Water Concentration in Ethyl Alcohol on the Environmentally Assisted Embrittlement of Austempered Ductile Irons

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Petar Janjatovic ◽  
Olivera Eric Cekic ◽  
Leposava Sidjanin ◽  
Sebastian Balos ◽  
Miroslav Dramicanin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Iron Material ◽  
Proof Strength

Austempered ductile iron (ADI) is an advanced cast iron material that has a broad field of application and, among others, it is used in contact and for conveyance of fluids. However, it is noticed that in contact with some fluids, especially water, ADI material becomes brittle. The most significant decrease is established for the elongation. However, the influence of water and the cause of this phenomenon is still not fully understood. For that reason, in this paper, the influence of different water concentrations in ethyl alcohol on the mechanical properties of ADI materials was studied. The test was performed on two different types of ADI materials in 0.2, 4, 10, and 100 vol.% water concentration environments, and in dry condition. It was found that even the smallest concentration of water (0.2 vol.%) causes formation of the embrittled zone at fracture surface. However, not all mechanical properties were affected equally and not all water concentrations have been critical. The highest deterioration was established in the elongation, followed by the ultimate tensile strength, while the proof strength was affected least.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE SUITABILITY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF CASTING MATERIALS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A SHIP ENGINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan José Galán ◽  
Nuria Varela-Fernández ◽  
Manuel Ángel Graña-López ◽  
Almudena Filgueira-Vizoso ◽  
Ana García-Diez
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Cylinder Head ◽  
Brinell Hardness ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Engine Block ◽  
Graphite Particles

The objective of this work was to study the suitability of three types of cast iron for the manufacture of a ship engine: EN-GJS-500-7U for the manufacture of the engine block, EN-GJS-400-15U for the cylinder head and EN-GJL-200 for the liner. Tensile tests were carried out to obtain the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of each material. The results for the UTS were: 460 MPa for EN-GJS-500-7U, 390 MPa for EN-GJS-400-15U and 170 MPa for EN-GJL-200. Likewise, Brinell-hardness measurements were carried out and the elements present in the materials were determined with spectrometry. Finally, the size of graphite particles in each sample was determined.

Microstructure and Tensile Properties of a 1.25Cr-0.5Mo Main Steam Pipe After Long-Term Service

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Yang ◽  
Wen-Chun Jiang ◽  
Wen-Qi Sun ◽  
Yan-Ling Zhao ◽  
Wei-Ya Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Tensile Deformation ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Steam Pipe ◽  
Main Steam

Metallographic tests, micro-hardness tests and tensile tests were conducted for a 1.25Cr-0.5Mo main steam pipe weldment served for more than 26 years. The results were compared with those for virgin material. Microstructural evolution of 1.25Cr-0.5Mo base metal was investigated. Degradation in micro-hardness and tensile properties were also studied. In addition, the tensile properties of subzones in the ex-service weldment were characterized by using miniature specimens. The results show that obvious microstructural changes including carbide coarsening, increasing inter lamella spacing and grain boundary precipitates take place after long-term service. Degradation in micro-hardness is not obvious. However, the effects of long term service on tensile deformation behavior, ultimate tensile strength and yield stress are remarkable. Based on the yield stress of micro-specimens, the order of different subzones is: WM > HAZ > BM, which is consistent with the order of different subzones based on micro-hardness. However, the ultimate tensile strength and fracture strain of HAZ are lower than BM. Brittle failures can happen more easily for HAZ due to its high yield ratio.

Relationship Between Mechanical Properties and Collagen Structure of Closed and Open Wounds

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles J. Doillon ◽  
Michael G. Dunn ◽  
Frederick H. Silver
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Collagen Structure ◽  
Collagen Network

Mechanical properties and collagen structure of excisional wounds left open are compared with wounds closed by clips. In both wound models, collagen fiber diameter increases with time post-wounding and is related to tensile strength. Clipped wounds show a higher ultimate tensile strength and tangent modulus compared with open wounds. In clipped wounds, newly deposited collagen appears as a biaxially oriented network as observed in normal skin. In open wounds a delay in the organization of the collagen network is observed and parallel wavy-shaped ribbons of collagen fibers are deposited. At long term, the high extensibility observed in open wounds may be due to the sliding of ribbons of collagen fibers past each other.

Numerical analysis and investigation of short- and long-term behavior of unidirectional composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-678
Author(s):  
Elias Dib ◽  
Jean François Caron ◽  
Wassim Raphael ◽  
Ioannis Stefanou ◽  
Fouad Kaddah
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Shear Lag ◽  
Unidirectional Composites ◽  
Long Term Behavior ◽  
Shear Lag Theory

This study gives a detailed analysis on estimating the ultimate tensile strength of unidirectional fiber reinforced composites and its creep behavior under sustained tension load. We develop two different micromechanical models that allow us to estimate the longitudinal tensile strength and the evolution with time of fiber and matrix stresses around arbitrary array of fiber breaks. The first model is based on the shear-lag theory while the second one is developed using the software Abaqus. The comparison of the above models allowed to validate the fundamental assumptions of the shear-lag theory (first model) as well as several numerical issues related to time integration and spatial discretization. The Monte–Carlo method was used in order to account for the stochastic fiber strength and its impact on the ultimate tensile strength (short-term) and creep (long-term behavior) of unidirectional composites. Finally, a parametric investigation on the fiber type and the load level on the long-term behavior of unidirectional composites was performed showing an accelerating creep effect for fibers of inferior quality such as glass fibers compared to carbon fibers.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Flux Elektroda AWS 5.1 E 6013 Dicelup Oli pada Pengelasan Besi Cor Kelabu FC-25 Terhadap Kekuatan Tarik

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Aris Hermanto ◽  
Iswanto Iswanto
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Test Specimen ◽  
Gray Cast Iron ◽  
Gray Cast ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Specimen Material ◽  
Welding Electrode

In this study using specimens of gray cast iron Fc-25 (grade 2500). The test specimen is needed there 12 specimens include three test specimen material (base metal), 3 specimen variety of welding electrodes cast CI-A1, 3 specimen variety of welding using welding electrodes AWS 5.1 E6013 without immersion oil, three specimens variation welding using welding electrodes 5.1 AWS E6013 with immersion oil. The results of testing specimens welding electrodes cast CI-A1 in the amount of 16.63 MPa with 0.84% strain and a variety of welding electrode AWS E6013 5.1 with immersion oil also has the highest ultimate tensile strength of welding another variation in the amount of 17.98 MPa with a strain of 0.48% , While the lowest was tensile strength using a variety of welding electrode AWS E6013 5.1 without immersion oil that is 16.28 MPa with a strain of 0.49%.

scholarly journals ON THE POSSIBILITY OF APPLYING A NEW PARAMETER OF THE PRIMARY STRUCTURE OF GRAY CAST IRON TO EVALUATE THE STRENGTH OF CASTINGS

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
A. A. Baron ◽  
L. V. Palatkina
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Primary Structure ◽  
Gray Cast Iron ◽  
Eutectic Phase ◽  
Gray Cast ◽  
Primary Austenite ◽  
Lamellar Graphite

The possibility of evaluating the strength of pearlite gray cast iron with lamellar graphite using the ratio of the area of the interdendritic eutectic phase to the perimeter of the primary austenite dendritic crystals was investigated. It is found that this parameter increases from 15,1 to 39,3 as the ultimate tensile strength of cast iron decreases from 300 to 180 MPa. The correlation coefficient for this relationship was 0.9.

Application of the Hydraulic Diameter of Interdendritic Space for Calculating the Ultimate Tensile Strength of Gray Cast Iron

2021 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Aleksandr A. Baron ◽  
Lyubov' V. Palatkina ◽  
Stanislav V. Palatkin
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Gray Cast Iron ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Hydraulic Diameter ◽  
Gray Cast ◽  
Iron Castings ◽  
Interdendritic Space

A comparative analysis of methods for estimating the gray cast iron ultimate tensile strength σu by the hydraulic diameter of interdendritic space DHydIP and the volume fraction of primary austenite dendrites fdc is performed. Almost the same accuracy of cast iron castings σu estimation according to both these parameters DHydIP and fdc of the primary microstructure is shown.

scholarly journals Correlation between the Compressive, Tensile Strength of Old Concrete under Marine Environment and Prediction of Long-Term Strength

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weilai Yao ◽  
Shiyong Jiang ◽  
Wei Fei ◽  
Tao Cai
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Term Strength ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
The Relationship

Compressive strength and tensile strength are important mechanical properties of concrete. The long-term strength of concrete under real service environment is an important parameter when evaluating existing buildings, which should also be properly considered in structural design. In this study, the relationship between compressive and splitting tensile strength of old concrete existing for long period under marine environment was investigated. At a deserted harbour, concrete cores samples were drilled by pairs in site. For each pair of samples, the two cores were drilled from the adjacent location and conducted to compressive, splitting tensile test, respectively. 48 compressive and splitting tensile strengths were finally obtained. From the test results, tensile strength presents general uptrend with compressive strength, and the two parameters are well positively correlated. Exponential model generally recommended by building codes or literatures is still capable of describing the relationship between compressive and tensile strength of old deteriorated concrete, when function parameters are properly determined. Based on statistical theory and the experimental result of this study, a method for predicting long-term tensile strength of concrete is developed and an example is given, which may provide a potential way to estimate long-term concrete strength under real marine environment.

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