scholarly journals Rules and regulations for a pregnant endourologist: the European perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Juliebø-Jones ◽  
Amelia Pietropaolo ◽  
Anne-Francoise Spinoit ◽  
Anne K. Bergesen ◽  
Gigja Guðbrandsdottir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Maternity Leave ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
European Perspective ◽  
Specific Policy ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Unpaid Leave ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Introduction Working in surgery while pregnant is challenging. Navigating this period safely is of paramount importance. Anecdotal observation suggests that there exists great variation among European nations in regard to maternity leave and radiation safety. The aim of this article was to gain insight into policy patterns and variations across Europe regarding these issues. Methods A series of core question items was distributed to representatives across 12 nations Austria, Belgium, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Republic of Ireland, Spain and the United Kingdom). Results The total number of weeks with full pay ranged from as little as 4 weeks in Belgium to 32 and Iceland. All countries included in this study give the option of additional weeks beyond the initial period, however at reduced pay. Some offer unpaid leave beyond this. Only 5/12 countries had a specific policy on when the pregnant surgeon should come off the on-call rota. Only Austria, Italy and Poland stipulate a requirement for the pregnant clinician to be replaced or be completely exempt in cases involving radiation. Only Germany, Iceland, Norway and Poland highlight the need to limit radiation dose in the first trimester. Beyond this, Germany alone provides written guidance for reduction in gown weight and along with Poland, display arguably the most forward-thinking approach to resting. Conclusion There is a marked range in maternal leave policies across Europe. There also exists a lack of universal guidance on radiation safety for the pregnant urologist. There is urgent need for this void to be addressed.

scholarly journals Strategies for the assessment of competences during rheumatology training across Europe: results of a qualitative study

RMD Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e001183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Najm ◽  
Alessia Alunno ◽  
Francisca Sivera ◽  
Sofia Ramiro ◽  
Catherine Haines
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Online Discussion ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Formative Feedback ◽  
Competence Assessment ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Online Focus Groups ◽  
Assessment Systems ◽  
Insight Into

ObjectivesTo gain insight into current methods and practices for the assessment of competences during rheumatology training, and to explore the underlying priorities and rationales for competence assessment.MethodsWe used a qualitative approach through online focus groups (FGs) of rheumatology trainers and trainees, separately. The study included five countries—Denmark, the Netherlands, Slovenia, Spain and the United Kingdom. A summary of current practices of assessment of competences was developed, modified and validated by the FGs based on an independent response to a questionnaire. A prioritising method (9 Diamond technique) was then used to identify and justify key assessment priorities.ResultsOverall, 26 participants (12 trainers, 14 trainees) participated in nine online FGs (2 per country, Slovenia 1 joint), totalling 12 hours of online discussion. Strong nationally (the Netherlands, UK) or institutionally (Spain, Slovenia, Denmark) standardised approaches were described. Most groups identified providing frequent formative feedback to trainees for developmental purposes as the highest priority. Most discussions identified a need for improvement, particularly in developing streamlined approaches to portfolios that remain close to clinical practice, protecting time for quality observation and feedback, and adopting systematic approaches to incorporating teamwork and professionalism into assessment systems.ConclusionThis paper presents a clearer picture of the current practice on the assessment of competences in rheumatology in five European countries and the underlying rationale of trainers’ and trainees’ priorities. This work will inform EULAR Points-to-Consider for the assessment of competences in rheumatology training across Europe.

Study on Radiation Dose Calculation of PWR Spent Fuel Storage and Transportation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Yang ◽  
Xing Li ◽  
Jinrong Qiu ◽  
Lun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Normal Condition ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Storage Pool ◽  
Transport Container ◽  
Photon Dose ◽  
Spent Fuel Storage ◽  
Fuel Storage

Abstract With the rapid development of nuclear energy, spent fuel will accumulate in large quantities. Spent fuel is generally cooled and placed in a storage pool, and then transported to a reprocessing plant at an appropriate time. Because spent fuel is content with a high level of radiation, spent fuel storage and transportation safety play important roles in the nuclear safety. Radiation dose safety are checked and validated using source analysis and Monte Carlo method to establish a radiation dose rate calculation model for PWR spent fuel storage pool and transport container. The calculation results show that the neutron and photon dose rates decrease exponentially with increase of water level under normal condition of storage pool. The attenuation multiples of neutron and photon dose rates are 4.64 and 1.59, respectively. According to radiation dose levels in different water height situations, spent fuel pool under loss of coolant accident can be divides into five workplaces. They are supervision zone, regular zone, intermittent zone, restricted zone and radiation zone. Under normal condition of transport container, the dose rates at the surface of the container and at a distance of 1 m from the surface are 0.1759 mSv/h and 0.0732 mSv/h, respectively. The dose rates decrease with the increasing radius of break accident, and dose rate at the surface of the transport container is 0.278 mSv/h when the break radius is 20 cm. Transport container conforms to the radiation safety standards of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). This study can provide some reference for radiation safety analysis of spent fuel storage and transportation.

scholarly journals Constructing the Ideology of the Right-Wing Radical Party in Modern United Kingdom: The Case of the United Kingdom Independence Party

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-462
Author(s):  
Mikhail S. Golovin
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
British Society ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
Frequent Change ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Right

This article examines the update of ideological foundations of the largest right-wing radical party in Britain (and in the whole of Europe) - the United Kingdom Independence Party (UKIP). The subject of the research is the partys programmatic text, Manifesto for Brexit and Beyond, a document that is not limited to the discussion of Brexit alone. This document appeared at the end of 2019 and, despite the frequent change of leadership in the party during 2020, remained the ideological foundation of the organization after Brexit. The aim of the article is to analyze how the ideological base of the right-wing British radical party was formed in the socio-political realities of the initial period after the states exit from the European Union. The paper presents a discursive analysis of the main ideological document of one of UKIP, as well as identifies the ideological positions of British right-wing radicals at the present stage. Since the research is mainly practice-oriented, the main results are presented the data obtained through discourse analysis using to the method of R. Wodak. The data testify the changes that have been taking place in the discourse of the extreme right in Britain in recent years, as well as the prospects for its evolution in the coming years after Brexit. Studying UKIPs discourse, the author concludes that it forms depending on the political, social and cultural conditions that prevail in modern British society, as well as on the general European context. The article also shows how a modern right-wing radical party constructs its discourse using the most painful issues for the society within the framework of political struggle.

scholarly journals Optimasi Faktor Eksposi pada Pemeriksaan Radiografi Thorax menggunakan Computed Radiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Sri Sugiarti ◽  
Surip Surip ◽  
Merrytiana Fadila
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Computed Radiography ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Exposure Factor ◽  
Chest Examination ◽  
Correlational Method

Concerning radiation safety must meet several radiation protection requirements which include justification or utilization of nuclear power, dose limitation, optimization of protection, and radiation safety. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimization of the exposure factor selection and determine the radiation dose received by the patient based on the selection of exposure factors on the thorax examination. The author observed the use of exposure factors on chest radiographic examination with a sample of 60 people. The design of this study uses the correlational method. The independent variables in this study are age, body weight, object thickness, kV, and mAs. Dependent variable exposure to radiation dose on chest examination. The conclusion of this study is the dose exposure level is influenced by age, object thickness, weight, and use of exposure factors which will then be obtained by the DRL (Diagnostic Reference Level) value.

Radiation Safety in Vascular Surgery

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy B. Reed ◽  
Melissa L Kirkwood
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Endovascular Procedures ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
National Council ◽  
Skin Injury ◽  
Air Kerma ◽  
Dose Limits ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Harmful Effects

Modern vascular surgeons perform an ever-increasing number of complex endovascular procedures, largely based on patient preference, decreased length of stay, and improved outcome. With the upsurge of endovascular cases, concern has grown regarding the harmful effects of radiation exposure delivered to the patient and the operator. Surgeon education on the appropriate use of fluoroscopic operating factors coupled with appropriate training in radiation safety has been shown to decrease radiation dose. This review elucidates dose terminology and metrics, possible radiation-induced injuries, risk factors for deterministic injury, and radiation safety principles and techniques. Tables provide practical tips to lower patient and operator radiation dose during fluoroscopically guided intervention, and National Council on Radiation Protection & Measurements recommended dose limits for occupational exposure. Figures illustrate reference air kerma, radiation-induced skin injury, effects of image receptor and table position, and operator exposure. This review contains 4 figures, 3 tables, and 53 references.

ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING OF SOCIAL HOLIDAYS: NEW RULES FOR BUSINESS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostiantyn Bezverkhyi ◽  
◽  
Oleksandr Yurchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Maternity Leave ◽  
Paid Leave ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Labor Legislation ◽  
Unpaid Leave ◽  
Theoretical Generalization ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right

Introduction. Modern Ukrainian legislation regulates the provision of various types of leave, which are not only a time of rest, but may have a special purpose for the employee. The Law of Ukraine «On Holidays» of 15.11.1996 № 504-96 (hereinafter - the Law № 504) indicates the annual basic paid leave, unpaid leave, social, educational and creative leave. At present, considerable attention is not paid to accounting for accrual, taxation and payment of social leave, in particular: maternity leave, childcare leave for children under 3 years of age, as well as social leave for employees with children under 15 years of age. One of the main tasks set before the accountant for payroll calculations - timely and accurate calculation of vacation pay, and the need - to make their recalculation in a timely manner, because it is the accountant's responsibility for the correctness of the calculations. Given this fact, the employer will not have to pay compensation to employees for incorrectly accrued and paid vacation pay. Instead, the employee has the right to know from which indicators he was calculated and paid leave, and in case of disagreement will be able to appeal their amount. The accountant is required to pay special attention when calculating social and other types of leave, because these payments, in addition to the employees of the enterprise, are interested in regulatory bodies for compliance with labor legislation (including the State Labor Service of Ukraine), tax authorities (in terms of income tax perosnals (hereinafter - PIT), military duty (hereinafter - MD) and a single contribution and compulsory state social insurance (hereinafter - CCS); recognition of vacation pay as part of income taxpayer expenses). Therefore, the issues of accounting for accrual, taxation and payment of social leave and related accruals are extremely relevant today. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to consider the accounting and reporting of social leave at the enterprise. Methods. The following methods were used during the study: theoretical generalization and grouping (to classify the types of social leave and set deadlines for their provision); formalization, analysis and synthesis (to substantiate the areas of disclosure of information on social leave in the accounts and in the reporting of enterprises); logical generalization of results (formulation of conclusions). Results. In the course of the research the author's approach to the reflection in the accounting and reporting of social leave to which employees of the enterprise are entitled was formed. Discussion. In further research, it is proposed to focus on the order of documentation and reflection in the accounts and in the reporting of such types of social leave as leave in connection with pregnancy and childbirth; childcare leave; additional social leave for children, etc. This will improve the methodology and organization of accounting for other payments at the enterprise.

United Kingdom/Norway

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Richard Barnes
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Framework Agreement ◽  
The North ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract On 30 September 2020, the United Kingdom and Norway signed the Framework Agreement on Fisheries that will provide the basis for future cooperation in the sustainable management of their fisheries. The Agreement is the first such agreement adopted by the UK following its decision to the leave the European Union. This note provides some background to the Agreement and examines its key features. Whilst the content of the Agreement appears to be rather basic, this is broadly consistent with other framework agreements, and it does provide some insight into the direction and focus of fisheries management in the North Sea, and how cooperation may develop between coastal States and the European Union.

Evolution of public sentiments during the COVID-19 pandemic: Case comparisons of India, Singapore, South Korea, the United Kingdom and the United States (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
May Oo Lwin ◽  
Anita Sheldenkar ◽  
Jiahui Lu ◽  
Peter Johannes Schulz ◽  
Wonsun Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
The United States ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Communication Space

BACKGROUND Public sentiments are an important indicator of crisis response, with the need to balance exigency without adding to panic or projecting overconfidence. Given the rapid spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, governments have enacted various nationwide measures against the disease with social media platforms providing the previously unparalleled communication space for the global populations. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine and provide a macro-level narrative of the evolution of public sentiments on social media at national levels, by comparing Twitter data from India, Singapore, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States during the current pandemic. METHODS Over 67,363,091 million Twitter posts on COVID-19 from 28 January 2020 to 28 April 2021 were analyzed from the five countries with "wuhan", "corona", "nCov", and "covid" as search keywords. Change in sentiments ("very negative", " negative", "neutral or mixed", "positive”, “very positive”) were compared between countries in connection with disease milestones and public health directives. RESULTS Country-specific assessments show that negative sentiments were predominant across all five countries during the initial period of the global pandemic. However, positive sentiments encompassing hope, resilience, and support arose at differing intensities across the five countries, particularly in Asian countries. In the next stage of the pandemic, India, Singapore, and South Korea faced escalating waves of COVID-19 cases, resulting in negative sentiments, but positive sentiments appeared simultaneously. In contrast, while UK and US negative sentiments increased sharply and dramatically after the declaration of a national public emergency, strong parallel positive sentiments were slow to surface. CONCLUSIONS Our findings on sentiments across countries facing similar outbreak concerns suggest potential associations between government response actions both in terms of policy and communications, and public sentiment trends. Overall, a more concerted approach of government crisis communication appears to be associated with more stable public sentiments balanced between positives and negatives over the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Pigmentary keratitis in pugs in the United Kingdom: prevalence and associated features

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Maini ◽  
R. Everson ◽  
C. Dawson ◽  
Y. M. Chang ◽  
C. Hartley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Disease Prevalence ◽  
Breeding Strategies ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Underlying Pathophysiology ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background Pigmentary keratitis (PK) is commonly recognised in Pugs, but its aetiology is not completely understood. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated features of PK in Pugs in the United Kingdom (UK). Results A total of 210 Pugs (420 eyes) were recruited from 12 UK dog shows and social events. The median age of Pugs recruited was 2.50 years (range 0.25–16.25 years). Pigmentary keratitis was detected in 369/420 (87.8%) eyes and in at least one eye 193/210 (91.9%) Pugs, of which 17/193 (8.8%) were affected unilaterally and 176/193 (91.2%) bilaterally. Pigmentary keratitis was typically mild to moderate (46.3 and 49.9% of eyes, respectively). Detection of PK was significantly associated with increased age (P = 0.002) and the presence of medial entropion of the lower eyelid (MELE) (P = 0.001). Severity of PK was significantly associated with the grade of MELE (P < 0.001). There was also a correlation between the presence of limbal pigment and PK (P = 0.036) that warrants further study. Conclusions This study estimated a high disease prevalence of PK in UK Pugs, and demonstrated significant associations with age and the presence of MELE. These associations, which have not been previously reported, offer an insight into the underlying pathophysiology of this condition in Pugs. The results encourage further population research, such as prospective longitudinal studies. These findings also support the development of clinical and breeding strategies based on the reduction of MELE and, possibly, limbal pigment.

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