Nucleic acids are a major pool of hydrolyzable organic phosphorus in arable organic soils of Southern Ontario, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aidan De Sena ◽  
Chandra A. Madramootoo ◽  
Joann K. Whalen ◽  
Christian von Sperber
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Southern Ontario

RELEASE OF ULTRAVIOLET-ABSORBING MATERIAL FROM ESCHERICHIA COLI AT SUBZERO TEMPERATURES

1963 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gösta Lindeberg ◽  
Aaslaug Lode
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Rapid Cooling ◽  
Pronounced Decrease ◽  
Subzero Temperatures ◽  
Absorbing Material ◽  
Freezing Seawater

When cells of Escherichia coli were suspended in dilute artificial seawater and cooled to various subzero temperatures, a maximum lethal effect occurred around −40 °C. In addition, rapid cooling to −26 °C of bacteria, suspended in concentrated, non-freezing seawater caused a pronounced decrease in viability ("cold shock"). The loss in viability was accompanied by a proportional release from the cells of ultraviolet-absorbing material and by an increase in the ribose and organic phosphorus contents of the suspending liquid. It seems possible that the released material, at least partly, consisted of nucleotides or nucleic acids.

scholarly journals Effect of Host Resistance and Fungicide Application on Clubroot Pathotype 6 in Green Cabbage and Napa Cabbage

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Saude ◽  
Alan McKeown ◽  
Bruce D. Gossen ◽  
Mary Ruth McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Clubroot Resistance ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
Standard Cultivar

Field trials were conducted to evaluate resistance to clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae, pathotype 6) in green cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) and napa cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) at sites in southern Ontario in 2009 and 2010. The reaction of green cabbage cultivars Kilaton, Tekila, Kilaxy, and Kilaherb and the commercial standard cultivars, Bronco or Atlantis, were evaluated on organic (two site-years) and mineral soils (two site-years) that were naturally infested with the clubroot pathogen. In addition, fluazinam fungicide was drench applied to one treatment of the commercial standard cultivar immediately after transplanting. The napa cabbage cultivars Yuki, Deneko, Bilko, and Mirako (in 2009) and Emiko, Mirako, Yuki, and China Gold (in 2010) were evaluated only on organic soils (two site-years). At harvest, the roots of each plant were assessed for clubroot incidence and severity. Also, plant and head characteristics of the resistant green cabbage cultivars were evaluated at one site in 2010. The green cabbage cultivars Kilaton, Tekila, Kilaxy, and Kilaherb were resistant to pathotype 6 (0% to 3.8% incidence), but ‘Bronco’ was susceptible (64% to 100% incidence). Application of fluazinam reduced clubroot severity on ‘Bronco’ by 6% at one of three sites. Resistance was more effective in reducing clubroot than application of fluazinam. Plant and head characteristics of the resistant cultivars were similar to those of ‘Bronco’ treated with fluazinam. Napa cabbage cultivars Yuki, Deneko, Bilko, Emiko, and China Gold were resistant to clubroot (0% to 13% incidence), and ‘Mirako’ was highly susceptible (87% to 92% incidence). We conclude that the clubroot resistance available in several cultivars of green and napa cabbage was effective against P. brassicae pathotype 6.

LOSSES INHERENT IN IGNITION PROCEDURES FOR DETERMINING TOTAL ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Dormaar ◽  
G. R. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Phosphate Esters ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Incomplete Combustion ◽  
Resistance To Oxidation

One mineral soil with known amounts of organically bound phosphorus added to it, two organic soils, and five known phosphate esters were ignited at various temperatures to study losses of phosphorus as a result of ignition.Incomplete recoveries of phosphorus were obtained from the mineral soil. For the organic soils incomplete combustion occurred at temperatures below 650 °C and volatilization at temperatures higher than 400 °C. Either complex formation or resistance to oxidation occurred in the case of RNA, phytin, and lecithin.

Root growth studies on Mugho pine

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Mason ◽  
D. S. Bhar ◽  
R. J. Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Root Exudates ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
The University

Root growth of Mugho pine seedlings was studied in Southern Ontario using a recently constructed rhizotron at the University of Guelph. The investigations have indicated that root growth of this pine in the season following transplanting extends from April to late November. During the summer, average daily root elongation was found to be 6.5 mm in sandy loam and 5.4 mm in organic soils, while during the autumn it was 2.9 and 3.7 mm respectively. Correlations were found to exist between root diameter and rates of root elongation, and suberization. The latter phenomenon began 5 to 7 days after new root growth. In late autumn metacutization occurred. A resinous type of exudate has been observed from the fully suberized roots. Qualitative thin-layer chromatographic studies have shown that the root exudates differed from exudates obtained by wounding pine shoots.

Electron Microscopy of Nucleic Acids

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 302-303
Author(s):  
Norman Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Molecular Biologist ◽  
Topological Properties ◽  
Protein Film ◽  
Polynucleotide Chain

The basic protein film technique for mounting nucleic acids for electron microscopy has proven to be a general and powerful tool for the working molecular biologist in characterizing different nucleic acids. It i s possible to measure molecular lengths of duplex and single-stranded DNAs and RNAs. In particular, it is thus possible to as certain whether or not the nucleic acids extracted from a particular source are or are not homogeneous in length. The topological properties of the polynucleotide chain (linear or circular, relaxed or supercoiled circles, interlocked circles, etc. ) can also be as certained.

mRNA localization by Electron microscopic in situ hybridization

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 430-431
Author(s):  
J. A. Pollock ◽  
M. Martone ◽  
T. Deerinck ◽  
M. H. Ellisman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Functional Sites ◽  
Voltage Electron

Localization of specific proteins in cells by both light and electron microscopy has been facilitate by the availability of antibodies that recognize unique features of these proteins. High resolution localization studies conducted over the last 25 years have allowed biologists to study the synthesis, translocation and ultimate functional sites for many important classes of proteins. Recently, recombinant DNA techniques in molecular biology have allowed the production of specific probes for localization of nucleic acids by “in situ” hybridization. The availability of these probes potentially opens a new set of questions to experimental investigation regarding the subcellular distribution of specific DNA's and RNA's. Nucleic acids have a much lower “copy number” per cell than a typical protein, ranging from one copy to perhaps several thousand. Therefore, sensitive, high resolution techniques are required. There are several reasons why Intermediate Voltage Electron Microscopy (IVEM) and High Voltage Electron Microscopy (HVEM) are most useful for localization of nucleic acids in situ.

Nucleic Acid Molecules Prepared by Monolayer Techniques

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 178-179
Author(s):  
Dimitrij Lang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Contour Length ◽  
Sample Standard Deviation ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Length Measurements ◽  
Protein Monolayer

The success of the protein monolayer technique for electron microscopy of individual DNA molecules is based on the prevention of aggregation and orientation of the molecules during drying on specimen grids. DNA adsorbs first to a surface-denatured, insoluble cytochrome c monolayer which is then transferred to grids, without major distortion, by touching. Fig. 1 shows three basic procedures which, modified or not, permit the study of various important properties of nucleic acids, either in concert with other methods or exclusively:1) Molecular weights relative to DNA standards as well as number distributions of molecular weights can be obtained from contour length measurements with a sample standard deviation between 1 and 4%.

Ultrastructure of the soil fungus, Geomyces pannorus

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 738-739
Author(s):  
J. A. Traquair ◽  
E. G. Kokko
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Soil Fungus ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electron Microscopical ◽  
Scanning Electron

With the advent of improved dehydration techniques, scanning electron microscopy has become routine in anatomical studies of fungi. Fine structure of hyphae and spore surfaces has been illustrated for many hyphomycetes, and yet, the ultrastructure of the ubiquitous soil fungus, Geomyces pannorus (Link) Sigler & Carmichael has been neglected. This presentation shows that scanning and transmission electron microscopical data must be correlated in resolving septal structure and conidial release in G. pannorus.Although it is reported to be cellulolytic but not keratinolytic, G. pannorus is found on human skin, animals, birds, mushrooms, dung, roots, and frozen meat in addition to various organic soils. In fact, it readily adapts to growth at low temperatures.

Snapshot blotting: The transfer of nucleic acids and nucleoprotein complexes from electrophoresis gels to EM grids

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 762-763
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Jett
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Nucleic Acid Binding ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Nucleoprotein Complexes ◽  
Mobility Shift Assay ◽  
Protein Nucleic Acid ◽  
Gel Mobility Shift ◽  
Nucleic Acid Interactions

The electrophoresis gel mobility shift assay is a popular method for the study of protein-nucleic acid interactions. The binding of proteins to DNA is characterized by a reduction in the electrophoretic mobility of the nucleic acid. Binding affinity, stoichiometry, and kinetics can be obtained from such assays; however, it is often desirable to image the various species in the gel bands using TEM. Present methods for isolation of nucleoproteins from gel bands are inefficient and often destroy the native structure of the complexes. We have developed a technique, called “snapshot blotting,” by which nucleic acids and nucleoprotein complexes in electrophoresis gels can be electrophoretically transferred directly onto carbon-coated grids for TEM imaging.

Ultrastructural analysis of the spatial distribution of MRNA

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 552-553
Author(s):  
Gary Bassell ◽  
Robert H. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Dna Probe ◽  
Nucleotide Analogs ◽  
Gold Particles

We have been investigating the spatial distribution of nucleic acids intracellularly using in situ hybridization. The use of non-isotopic nucleotide analogs incorporated into the DNA probe allows the detection of the probe at its site of hybridization within the cell. This approach therefore is compatible with the high resolution available by electron microscopy. Biotinated or digoxigenated probe can be detected by antibodies conjugated to colloidal gold. Because mRNA serves as a template for the probe fragments, the colloidal gold particles are detected as arrays which allow it to be unequivocally distinguished from background.

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