scholarly journals Associations of dietary glycemic index and load during pregnancy with blood pressure, placental hemodynamic parameters and the risk of gestational hypertensive disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa J. Wiertsema ◽  
Rama J. Wahab ◽  
Annemarie G. M. G. J. Mulders ◽  
Romy Gaillard
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
High Risk Women ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Load ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Index

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to examine the associations of dietary glycemic index and load with gestational blood pressure, placental hemodynamic parameters and the risk of gestational hypertensive disorders. Methods In a population-based cohort among 3378 pregnant Dutch women, dietary glycemic index and load were assessed from food frequency questionnaires at median 13.4 (95% range 9.9–22.9) weeks gestation. Blood pressure was measured in early-, mid- and late-pregnancy. Placental hemodynamic parameters were measured in mid- and late-pregnancy by ultrasound. Data on gestational hypertensive disorders was acquired from medical records. Results Mean dietary glycemic index (SD) was 58 (3) and mean dietary glycemic load (SD) was 155 (47). Dietary glycemic index was not associated with blood pressure, placental hemodynamic parameters and the risk of gestational hypertensive disorders. Higher dietary glycemic load SDS was associated with a higher diastolic blood pressure in early-pregnancy, remaining after adjustment for socio-demographic and lifestyle factors ((0.98 (95% CI 0.35–1.61) mmHg per SDS increase in glycemic load). No other associations of glycemic load with blood pressure or placental hemodynamic parameters and the risk of gestational hypertensive disorders were present. No significant associations of dietary glycemic index and load quartiles with longitudinal blood pressure patterns from early to late-pregnancy were present. Conclusion Within this low-risk pregnant population, we did not find consistent associations of dietary glycemic index and load with blood pressure, placental hemodynamic parameters and the risk of gestational hypertensive disorders. Further studies need to assess whether the effects on gestational hemodynamic adaptations are more pronounced among high-risk women with an impaired glucose metabolism.

scholarly journals Dietary Glycemic Index, Dietary Glycemic Load, Blood Lipids, and Coronary Heart Disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez ◽  
Gerardo Huitrón-Bravo ◽  
Juan O. Talavera ◽  
Susana Castañón ◽  
Katia Gallegos-Carrillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Load ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Index

Objective. To examine the associations of dietary glycemic index (GI) and dietary glycemic load (GL) with blood lipid concentrations and coronary heart disease (CHD) in nondiabetic participants in the Health Worker Cohort Study (HWCS).Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional analysis was performed, using data from adults who participated in the HWCS baseline assessment. We collected information on participants' socio-demographic conditions, dietary patterns and physical activity via self-administered questionnaires. Dietary GI and dietary GL were measured using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric and clinical measurements were assessed with standardized procedures. CHD risk was estimated according to the sex-specific Framingham prediction algorithms.Results. IIn the 5,830 individuals aged 20 to 70 who were evaluated, dietary GI and GL were significantly associated with HDL-C, LDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, and triglycerides serum levels. Subjects with high dietary GI have a relative risk of 1.56 (CI 95%; 1.13–2.14), and those with high dietary GL have a relative risk of 2.64 (CI 95%; 1.15–6.58) of having an elevated CHD risk than those who had low dietary GI and GL.Conclusions. Our results suggest that high dietary GI and dietary GL could have an unfavorable effect on serum lipid levels, which are in turn associated with a higher CHD risk.

Dietary glycemic index and glycemic load in relation to risk of breast cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Somaye Rigi ◽  
Asma Salari-Moghaddam ◽  
Sanaz Benisi-Kohansal ◽  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
The Status ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Index ◽  
Stratified Analysis

Abstract Objective: Previous studies on the association between glycemic index (GI) and load (GL) in relation to breast cancer risk are contradictory. The aim of this study was to examine the association between dietary GI and GL and risk of breast cancer in Iranian women. Design: Population-based case-control. Dietary GI and GL were assessed using a validated Willett-format 106-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Setting: Isfahan, Iran. Participants: Cases were 350 patients with newly diagnosed stage I-IV breast cancer, for whom the status of breast cancer was confirmed by physical examination and mammography. Controls were 700 age-matched apparently healthy individuals who were randomly selected from general population. Results: After controlling for potential confounders, individuals in the highest tertile of dietary GI had 47% higher odds of breast cancer than women in the lowest tertile (OR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.02-2.12). Stratified analysis by menopausal status showed such association among postmenopausal women (OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.02-2.23). We found no significant association between dietary GL and odds of breast cancer either before (OR: 1.35; 95% CI: 0.99-1.84) or after adjustment for potential confounders (OR: 1.24; 95% CI: 0.86-1.79). In addition, stratified analysis by menopausal status revealed no significant association between dietary GL and odds of breast cancer. Conclusions: Our findings showed a significant positive association between dietary GI and odds of breast cancer. However, we observed no significant association between dietary GL and odds of breast cancer.

Relationship between dietary glycemic index, dietary glycemic load and major cardiovascular events in the PREDIMED study

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. S128-S129
Author(s):  
I. Castro-Quezada ◽  
A. Sánchez-Villegas ◽  
V. Díaz-González ◽  
M.D. Ruíz-López ◽  
R. Artacho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Major Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Load ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Index ◽  
Predimed Study

scholarly journals Associations of Maternal Early-Pregnancy Glucose Concentrations With Placental Hemodynamics, Blood Pressure, and Gestational Hypertensive Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 660-669
Author(s):  
Jan S Erkamp ◽  
Madelon L Geurtsen ◽  
Liesbeth Duijts ◽  
Irwin K M Reiss ◽  
Annemarie G M G J Mulders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Maternal Glucose

Abstract BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with increased risks of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. We hypothesized that high maternal glucose concentrations in early pregnancy are associated with adverse placental adaptations and subsequently altered uteroplacental hemodynamics during pregnancy, predisposing to an increased risk of gestational hypertensive disorders. METHODS In a population-based prospective cohort study from early pregnancy onwards, among 6,078 pregnant women, maternal early-pregnancy non-fasting glucose concentrations were measured. Mid and late pregnancy uterine and umbilical artery resistance indices were assessed by Doppler ultrasound. Maternal blood pressure was measured in early, mid, and late pregnancy and the occurrence of gestational hypertensive disorders was assessed using hospital registries. RESULTS Maternal early-pregnancy glucose concentrations were not associated with mid or late pregnancy placental hemodynamic markers. A 1 mmol/l increase in maternal early-pregnancy glucose concentrations was associated with 0.71 mm Hg (95% confidence interval 0.22–1.22) and 0.48 mm Hg (95% confidence interval 0.10–0.86) higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure in early pregnancy, respectively, but not with blood pressure in later pregnancy. Also, maternal glucose concentrations were not associated with the risks of gestational hypertension or preeclampsia. CONCLUSIONS Maternal early-pregnancy non-fasting glucose concentrations within the normal range are associated with blood pressure in early pregnancy, but do not seem to affect placental hemodynamics and the risks of gestational hypertensive disorders.

scholarly journals Associations of DASH Diet in Pregnancy With Blood Pressure Patterns, Placental Hemodynamics, and Gestational Hypertensive Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa J. Wiertsema ◽  
Sara M. Mensink‐Bout ◽  
Liesbeth Duijts ◽  
Annemarie G. M. G. J. Mulders ◽  
Vincent W. V. Jaddoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Dash Score ◽  
Dash Diet ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Diet Score

Background The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet improves blood pressure in nonpregnant populations. We hypothesized that adherence to the DASH diet during pregnancy improves hemodynamic adaptations, leading to a lower risk of gestational hypertensive disorders. Methods and Results We examined whether the DASH diet score was associated with blood pressure, placental hemodynamics, and gestational hypertensive disorders in a population‐based cohort study among 3414 Dutch women. We assessed DASH score using food‐frequency questionnaires. We measured blood pressure in early‐, mid‐, and late pregnancy (medians, 95% range: 12.9 [9.8–17.9], 20.4 [16.6–23.2], 30.2 [28.6–32.6] weeks gestation, respectively), and placental hemodynamics in mid‐ and late pregnancy (medians, 95% range: 20.5 [18.7–23.1], 30.4 [28.5–32.8] weeks gestation, respectively). Information on gestational hypertensive disorders was obtained from medical records. Lower DASH score quartiles were associated with a higher mid pregnancy diastolic blood pressure, compared with the highest quartile ( P <0.05). No associations were present for early‐ and late pregnancy diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure throughout pregnancy. Compared with the highest DASH score quartile, the lower DASH score quartiles were associated with a higher mid‐ and late pregnancy umbilical artery pulsatility index ( P ≤0.05) but not with uterine artery resistance index. No associations with gestational hypertensive disorders were present. Conclusions A higher DASH diet score is associated with lower mid pregnancy diastolic blood pressure and mid‐ and late pregnancy fetoplacental vascular function but not with uteroplacental vascular function or gestational hypertensive disorders within a low‐risk population. Further studies need to assess whether the effects of the DASH diet on gestational hemodynamic adaptations are more pronounced among higher‐risk populations.

scholarly journals Dietary glycemic index, dietary glycemic load, blood lipids, and C-reactive protein

Metabolism ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily B. Levitan ◽  
Nancy R. Cook ◽  
Meir J. Stampfer ◽  
Paul M. Ridker ◽  
Kathryn M. Rexrode ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Load ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Index
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