scholarly journals Multiple sclerosis and the risk of infection: considerations in the threat of the novel coronavirus, COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2

2020 ◽  
Vol 267 (5) ◽  
pp. 1567-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Willis ◽  
N. P. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The Novel Coronavirus: A Major Global Health Concern

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Nucleoprotein N ◽  
The City

Today, Coronavirus (Cov) is one of the most dangerous diseases worldwide, and many people suffer from it. Coronavirus as a deadly virus was first recognized and spread in the City of Wuhan, Province of Hubei, China. This virion contains nucleocapsid, which is consists of phosphorylated nucleoprotein (N) and genomic RNA. The RNA of coronaviruses is enveloped, not fragmented, and is a positively sensitive single-stranded RNA that is known to be the largest viral genome in various sizes from 26 to 32 kV. Cov usually tends to provoke mild to severe respiratory disease. The symptoms of Cov may comprise headache, cough, fever, sore throat, runny nose, and a discomfort sensation. People with chronic diseases and health care staff are at greater risk of infection. Some compounds, such as mycophenolic acid and cyclosporine A, RNAi, and monoclonal antibodies have shown inhibitory effects against Cov. This article briefly discusses the nature, symptoms, transmission, treatment, prevention, and protection of this deadly virus.

scholarly journals Multiple Sclerosis and SARS-CoV-2: Has the Interplay Started?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianmarco Bellucci ◽  
Virginia Rinaldi ◽  
Maria Chiara Buscarinu ◽  
Roberta Reniè ◽  
Rachele Bigi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Endogenous Retroviruses ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Current knowledge on Multiple Sclerosis (MS) etiopathogenesis encompasses complex interactions between the host’s genetic background and several environmental factors that result in dysimmunity against the central nervous system. An old-aged association exists between MS and viral infections, capable of triggering and sustaining neuroinflammation through direct and indirect mechanisms. The novel Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has a remarkable, and still not fully understood, impact on the immune system: the occurrence and severity of both acute COVID-19 and post-infectious chronic illness (long COVID-19) largely depends on the host’s response to the infection, that echoes several aspects of MS pathobiology. Furthermore, other MS-associated viruses, such as the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs), may enhance a mechanistic interplay with the novel Coronavirus, with the potential to interfere in MS natural history. Studies on COVID-19 in people with MS have helped clinicians in adjusting therapeutic strategies during the pandemic; similar efforts are being made for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination campaigns. In this Review, we look over 18 months of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic from the perspective of MS: we dissect neuroinflammatory and demyelinating mechanisms associated with COVID-19, summarize pathophysiological crossroads between MS and SARS-CoV-2 infection, and discuss present evidence on COVID-19 and its vaccination in people with MS.

Driven to teletherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-153
Author(s):  
Jill Savege Scharff
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Telemental Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Practical Advice ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Emotional Effects

The author reviews the emotional effects of the novel coronavirus pandemic on adults and children as they cooperate to combat the risk of infection by agreeing to social isolation. Confined to their homes, patients and therapists alike must deal with reactions to stress and pressure to adapt to changes in their domestic routines and school or work settings. The author then reviews the accommodations and innovations psychoanalytic mental health professionals in particular are developing when suddenly required to move their work completely online to provide continuity of care. She reviews the fears and anxieties expressed by therapists and analysts, makes suggestions for their self-care, and offers practical advice for making the necessary adjustments to provide competent, ethical teleanalysis and teletherapy under emergency conditions. She concludes by asking what impact the current learning about telemental health will have on the future of psychotherapy and psychoanalysis.

scholarly journals MS, pregnancy and COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1137-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charmaine Yam ◽  
Vilija Jokubaitis ◽  
Kerstin Hellwig ◽  
Ruth Dobson
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Relative Paucity ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Current Advice

Concerns regarding infection with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 leading to COVID-19 are particularly marked for pregnant women with autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). There is currently a relative paucity of information to guide advice given to and the clinical management of these individuals. Much of the limited available data around COVID-19 and pregnancy derives from the obstetric literature, and as such, neurologists may not be familiar with the general principles underlying current advice. In this article, we discuss the impact of potential infection on the pregnant woman, the impact on her baby, the impact of the current pandemic on antenatal care, and the interaction between COVID-19, MS and pregnancy. This review provides a framework for neurologists to use to guide the individualised advice given to both pregnant women with MS, and those women with MS who are considering pregnancy. This includes evidence derived from previous novel coronavirus infections, and emerging evidence from the current pandemic.

scholarly journals Are healthcare professionals in Jordan willing to work and provide care for COVID-19 patients?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Alwidyan ◽  
Alaa Oteir ◽  
Anas Mohammad ◽  
Brett Williams
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
To Come ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Willingness To Report

Introduction The outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has overwhelmed healthcare systems and exposed healthcare providers (and their families) to a high risk of infection and death. This study aimed to assess the willingness of healthcare providers in Jordan to report for duty and provide care to COVID-19 patients. Methods An online questionnaire was developed including questions about demographics, willingness to report to work and provide care to COVID-19 patients, and potential associated factors. Results A total of 253 participants completed the survey (mean age 33.8 years, 58.6% male). The sample included physicians (14.9%), nurses (61.1%) and paramedics (23%). Most participants (96.4%) were willing to come to work during the pandemic, although only 64.7% showed a willingness to provide care to COVID-19 patients. Being male (OR 3.21; 95% CI: 1.75-5.90) or having adequate training on COVID-19 (OR 5.16; 95% CI: 2.32-11.46) were the major predictors for willingness to care for COVID-19 patients, whereas concerns for family safety (OR 0.25; 95% CI: 0.14-0.47) or lack of information about COVID-19 (OR 0.43; 95% CI: 0.23-0.80) were the major predicting barriers for willingness to care for COVID-19 patients. Conclusion Although most participants were willing to report for duty, less than two-thirds were willing to care for COVID-19 patients. Being male and receiving training are associated with willingness; whereas concern for family is associated with less willingness to care for COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals COVID-19: A Review for the Pediatric Neurologist

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (13) ◽  
pp. 934-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Christy
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Infantile Spasms ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Pediatric Neurologist ◽  
Maternal Fetal Transmission ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Children are susceptible to infection with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. In this time of uncertainty, this review attempts to compile information that may be helpful to pediatric neurologists. This review consolidates current data on the disease associated with SARS-CoV-2, called COVID-19, and information from past coronavirus epidemics, to discuss diseases of pediatric neurology including Guillain-Barre syndrome (acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy); central demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis; infantile spasms; febrile seizures; and maternal-fetal transmission of virus.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Risk Management in Multiple Sclerosis

Diseases ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Amado Diaz de la Fe ◽  
Alejandro Armando Peláez Suárez ◽  
Marinet Fuentes Campos ◽  
Maivis Noemí Cabrera Hernández ◽  
Carlos-Alberto Goncalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Maximum Tolerated Dose ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Medical Health ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus can cause a severe respiratory disease with impact on the central nervous system, as has been reported by several medical health services. In the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 neurotrophic virus, neurologists have focused their attention on the early identification of suggestive manifestations of the neurological impact of the disease. In this context, they are exploring related chronic disease and the possibility of achieving a more effective understanding of symptoms derived from COVID-19 infection and those derived from the course of preexisting neurological disease. The present review summarizes evidence from the infection with SARS-CoV-2 and the management of the risks of multiple sclerosis and how it is related to the risks of general comorbidities associated with COVID-19. In addition, we reviewed other factors characteristic of MS, such as relapses, and the maximum tolerated dose of treatment medications from clinical and experimental evidence.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 144 (9) ◽  
pp. 1048-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Aquila ◽  
Matteo Antonio Sacco ◽  
Ludovico Abenavoli ◽  
Natalia Malara ◽  
Vincenzo Arena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Risk ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Scientific Societies ◽  
Postmortem Diagnosis ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Context.— The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is significantly changing methodologic approaches in all branches of the health system. From a forensic point of view, this event is partly changing the manner in which forensic pathologists and all those who work in autopsy services operate, but above all, it is changing the patterns established for years by which cadavers are analyzed postmortem. Objective.— To present a review of the literature and a proposal for COVID-19 autopsy protocols. To contain the infection risk, a revision of all the protocols that until now have been applied to the examination of bodies that require autopsy services is required. Data Sources.— Currently, the diagnosis and postmortem analysis of positive or suspected COVID-19 cases plays a crucial role in scientific research. A review of the main recommendations proposed by international scientific societies regarding the risk of infection during autopsy was carried out. Scientific papers currently available via the PubMed NCBI search engine on COVID-19 postmortem diagnosis were also examined. Conclusions.— Throughout the history of medicine, autopsy has been fundamental to the understanding of multiple pathogenic processes that are investigated postmortem. The purpose of the study is to propose an operating protocol that can be useful for all clinical and forensic autopsies, with particular reference to the correct methods to be applied to the examination of positive or suspected COVID-19 cases, regarding both the autopsy procedure and the collection and analysis of biological samples.

scholarly journals Management Strategies for Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (04) ◽  
pp. 275-278
Author(s):  
Humayun Kaleem Siddiqui ◽  
◽  
Jawad Safdar ◽  
Kanza Ghauri
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Surgical Experience ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel-coronavirus (2019-nCOV) emerged in Wuhan City in December 2019, this resulted in a quick and catastrophic health problem all over the world but our country is slightly less affected by the pandemic. There could be a number of reasons for less numbers of Covid positive cases and lack of awareness and reduced Covid testing capacity and hence less mortality in Pakistan. In order to provide assistance to an ever increasing number of infected patients and, at the same time taking care of urgent maxillofacial conditions. This manuscript gives the reader in a nutshell the overall surgical experience of oral and maxillofacial practice at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan in the COVID-19 pandemic and would like to provide a number of recommendations that would assist the scheduling process of surgical management during the COVID-19 pandemic and reduce the risk of infection among healthcare workers and others involved with the service. KEYWORDS: Maxillofacial surgery; Coronavirus; COVID-19; Pandemic

scholarly journals Disease-Modifying Therapies During the COVID-19 Outbreak

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smathorn Thakolwiboon ◽  
Hannah Zhao-Fleming ◽  
Jie Pan ◽  
Jordan Knecht Scott ◽  
Eri Shoji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapies ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Google Search

Abstract Background: Managing multiple sclerosis (MS) during the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a challenge due to the lack of evidence from clinical studies. Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) may affect the immune response and subsequently alter the risk of COVID-19 infections. Methods: A literature search was conducted on the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases. A focused Google search was also performed. Recommendations regarding the use of DMTs during the COVID-19 outbreak from national and international MS/neurology societies were identified and reviewed. Results: The review included 16 recommendations from international and national MS organizations. All recommendations are based on expert opinions. The recommendations regarding DMT initiation and management during this outbreak are summarized. Moreover, the experts’ views about the risk of COVID-19 infection with each DMT are discussed. Conclusions: There is significant agreement among most experts’ recommendations from a variety of sources based on collective clinical experience. However, the recommendations will likely evolve because sufficient clinical data are limited. Several ongoing registries will help provide information for future recommendations.

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