Contest experience and body size affect different types of contest decisions

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1183-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Ju Chen ◽  
Yuying Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4732 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-340
Author(s):  
ASHUTOSH SINGH ◽  
BHUPINDER SINGH RANA ◽  
MUKESH THAKUR ◽  
BASUDEV TRIPATHY ◽  
LALIT KUMAR SHARMA ◽  
...  

The Bengal monitor lizard or Common Indian monitor lizard (Varanus bengalensis Daudin, 1802) is classified as Least Concern under the IUCN and listed under the Schedule-I of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act 1972. Further, the trade of the species is prohibited as the species is listed in Appendix I of CITES. It is widely distributed over Western Asia, the Indian Subcontinent, and Southeast Asia (Koch et al. 2013). It is reported to occupy both terrestrial as well as freshwater habitats from desert areas to floodplains, scrubland to forests, in different types of terrains at elevations below 1500m (Auffenberg 1994; Papenfuss et al. 2010). Body size of individuals varies from 61 to 175 cm from the tip of the snout to the end of the tail (Auffenberg 1994; Losos and Greene, 1998). Adults are generally grey or greenish-grey in color, with a ventral pattern of grey to black crossbars from the chin to the tail. Adult individuals are less contrasting and have a less distinct pattern than younger individuals. The species shows a sexual dimorphism, with males being heavier (around 7.18 to 10 kg) than females which are about 40% smaller in size (Papenfuss et al. 2010). 


animal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 2065-2070 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Corner ◽  
P.R. Kenyon ◽  
K.J. Stafford ◽  
D.M. West ◽  
M.H. Oliver

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 468-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Schneider ◽  
Katja Frieler ◽  
Ernst Pfeiffer ◽  
Ulrike Lehmkuhl ◽  
Harriet Salbach-Andrae

ZOOTEC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Falicia A Katayane ◽  
B Bagau ◽  
F R Wolayan ◽  
M R Imbar

ABSTRACT PRODUCTION AND PROTEIN CONTENT OF MAGGOT (HERMETIA ILLUCENS)USING DIFFERENT GROWTH MEDIA. Mandar bird (Gallirallus) called “weris” bird in North Sulawesi, had been generally known in Minahasa and Kotamobagu areas. Bird in the family of the Rallidae have a small to medium body size. The purpose of this study was to obtain the morphometric characteristics of weris birds in the areas of Kotamobagu. The expected benefit of this study was to provide information about morphometric charaeteristics of weris birds, which is useful in the breeding process. Observation was focused on general habitat of this bird closed to river swamp or lake. Weris birds usually breed in thrive densely vegetation areas. Identification of the characteristics was following the morphometric characteristics of some species of weris bird found around areas Kotamobagu. Based on the results of study conducted in the areas of Kotamobagu North Sulawesi, it was found that there were two different types of weris birds consisted of the species of Gallirallus philippensis and species of Gallirallus torquatus . These two types of birds have different characteristics that can be seen from the outside or exterior appearance, and also can be seen from the size. The species of Gallirallus philippensis has smaller body size compared to species of Gallirallus torquatus. Keywords : Weris bird, Morfomertric characteristics. Kotamobagu Areas.


ZOOTEC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Stewart S Koyong ◽  
H R Wungouw ◽  
L Lambey ◽  
S Laatung

ABSTRACT Mandar bird ( Gallirallus ) or in Minahasa called with less weris bird has long been known by the people of North Sulawesi , Minahasa and especially the City of Kotamobagu. Is a bird in the family Rallidae family of birds that have a small to medium body size. General habitat of this bird is close river swamp or lake . Weris birds usually breed in thrive densely vegetated areas by Rusila (1994 ) . Identify the problem at least some information about morphometric characteristics some species of weris bird. In North Sulawesi city of Kotamobagu the purpose of this study was to obtain data morphometric characteristics of weris birds in the city of Kotamobagu. The expected benefits of the research , provide information about morphometric charaeteristics of weris birds , which is useful in the breeding process . Based on the results of research conducted in the City of Kotamobagu Bolaang Mongondo North Sulawesi , found 2 different types of weris birds that Gallirallus philippensis and Gallirallus torquatus . Of the two types of birds have different characters that can be seen from the outside or exterior appearance , and also can be seen from the size where Gallirallus philippensis have a smaller size compared to Gallirallus torquatus. . Keywords : bird weris , Morfomertri .  


Author(s):  
Prerana Prakhar ◽  
Dr. Manoj Singh ◽  
Dr. R. K. Agrawal

Insects are most diverse, successful and dominant taxon of the animal kingdom. They are found in almost every habitat across the globe. It is due to their diverse body size, habit, fecundity, different modes of respiration, food diversity etc. Because of these diverse characteristics, they became an important component of our ecosystem. They have significant influence on agriculture, human health and natural resources. This was the main reason for analysing the status of insects’ diversity across Raipur city. During this study various species of insects were collected and identified for estimating the insect species diversity and abundance in the different types of habitats found in Raipur. Insects were collected from various habitats like public park, gardens, fruit & vegetable market, agricultural fields etc. Total 603 species from 38 families, from 10 orders of insects were obtained during the sampling from January2019 to February 2020. The contributions of different orders were as follows: Lepidoptera (6), Coleoptera (6), Hemiptera (6), Hymenoptera (5), Orthoptera (3), Dermaptera (1), Diptera (6), Odonata (3) and Isoptera (1) and Mantodea(1) were collected. Diptera were having highest species diversity which was followed by Hymenoptera. Biodiversity of insects were highest in gardens and agricultural fields. The diverse habitats present in and around Raipur provide a favorable climate for insects.


Limnetica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-181
Author(s):  
Anna Basińska ◽  
Natalia Kuczyńska-Kippen ◽  
Kasper Świdnicki

ZOOTEC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Bayu A. Sinyo ◽  
L. Lambey ◽  
F. Kairupan ◽  
J. Keintjem

ABSTRACT STUDY ON FEATHER PATTERN AND COLORS OF “WERIS” BIRDS IN CITY OF KOTAMOBAGU. Mandar bird (Gallirallus) which in local language known as Weris (Minahasa), and Boruit (Kotamobagu) is a bird in the family Rallidae, are a family of birds that have small to medium body size. General habitat of this bird species is swamp, near a river or lake. Weris birds generally breed in densely vegetated areas According Rusila (1994). Identify an issue in the study is the identification of colors and feather patterns, two species weris birds that exist in Kotamobagus (North Sulawesi). The purpose of this study was to obtain date on the diversity of colors and patterns that exist in weris birds of Kotamobagu,Bolaang Mongondow, North Sulawesi. The expected benefits of this research is to provide information on the identification of plumage color and pattern weris birds, useful breeding process.Weris birds in Indonesia consists of several types, based on the results of research conducted in Kotamobagu Bolaang Mongondow North Sulawesi weris got 2 different types of birds that Gallirallus Philipensis and Gallirallus torquatus. Both types of weris birds have different key characters can be seen from theoutside or exterior appearance, that is the difference of colors and patterns. Key words : Weris Birds, Color, and Patterns


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Glaberman ◽  
Stephanie E. Bulls ◽  
Juan Manuel Vazquez ◽  
Ylenia Chiari ◽  
Vincent J Lynch

There are many costs associated with increased body size and longevity in animals, including the accumulation of genotoxic and cytotoxic damage that comes with having more cells and living longer. Yet, some species have overcome these barriers and have evolved remarkably large body sizes and long lifespans, sometimes within a narrow window of evolutionary time. Here, we demonstrate through phylogenetic comparative analysis that multiple turtle lineages, including Galapagos giant tortoises, concurrently evolved large bodies, long lifespans, and reduced cancer risk. We also show through comparative genomic analysis that Galapagos giant tortoises have gene duplications related to longevity and tumor suppression. To examine the molecular basis underlying increased body size and lifespan in turtles, we treated cell lines from multiple species, including Galapagos giant tortoises, with drugs that induce different types of cytotoxic stress. Our results indicate that turtle cells, in general, are resistant to oxidative stress related to aging, while Galapagos giant tortoise cells, specifically, are sensitive to endoplasmic reticulum stress, which may give this species an ability to mitigate the effects of cellular stress associated with increased body size and longevity.


Author(s):  
R.F. Contente ◽  
M.F. Stefanoni ◽  
H.L. Spach

The feeding ecology of the Brazilian silverside, Atherinella brasiliensis, in a sub-tropical estuary of Brazil was investigated through the gut analysis of 1431 individuals. We described dietary composition and analysed seasonal, estuarine habitat, and body size variations in the diet; trophic level; feeding diversity; and gut fullness indices. Results reveal that A. brasiliensis is a typical, generalistic and opportunistic predator that makes use of a wide array of prey types (at least 89 different types), with zooplankton (mainly calanoids), diatoms, terrestrial insects, and plant detritus making up the bulk of the overall diet. The exotic calanoid Temora turbinata ranked as the primary prey. A wide feeding diversity (mean H′ = 2.26), low trophic level (mean TROPH = 2.57), and high gut replenishment were persistent across seasons and habitats. Diet composition varied largely and significantly with respect to habitat, season, and body size. A closer assessment showed that habitat and season had a stronger effect on diet than fish size.


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