Seismic performance and fragility curves of historical residential buildings in Lisbon downtown affected by settlements

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5281-5307
Author(s):  
Rita Couto ◽  
Rita Bento ◽  
Rui Carrilho Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Fragility Curves

scholarly journals Seismic bracing performance of plasterboard timber walls

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Liu ◽  
David Carradine
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Wall Model ◽  
Seismic Engineering ◽  
Displacement Capacity ◽  
Insight Into

The goal of this study is to develop a racking model of plasterboard-sheathed timber walls as part of the efforts towards performance-based seismic engineering of low-rise light timber-framed (LTF) residential buildings in New Zealand. Residential buildings in New Zealand are primarily stand-alone low-rise LTF buildings, and their bracing elements are commonly plasterboard-sheathed LTF walls. It is an essential part of performance-based seismic designs of LTF buildings to be able to simulate the racking performance of plasterboard walls. In this study, racking test results of 12 plasterboard walls were collected and studied to gain insight into the seismic performance of plasterboard-sheathed LTF walls. The racking performance of these walls was examined in terms of stiffness/strength degradation, displacement capacity, superposition applicability and failure mechanisms. Subsequently, a mathematical analysis model for simulating racking performance of LTF plasterboard walls is developed and presented. The developed racking model is a closed-form wall model and could be easily used for conducting three-dimensional non-linear push-over studies of seismic performance of LTF buildings.

Seismic Performance Evaluation of Fire Stations in Shelby County, Tennessee

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard H. M. Hwang ◽  
Huijie Lin ◽  
Jun-Rong Huo
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Seismic Performance Evaluation ◽  
Scenario Earthquakes ◽  
Peak Ground Accelerations ◽  
Shelby County ◽  
Fire Stations ◽  
Heavy Damage

This paper presents an evaluation of the seismic performance of fire stations in Shelby County, Tennessee. Data relevant to 71 fire stations were collected and implemented as a database using Professional MapInfo. The peak ground accelerations resulting from two scenario earthquakes with moment magnitudes of 6.5 and 7.0 at Marked Tree, Arkansas, were estimated at these fire stations. Furthermore, the fragility curves for various types of buildings in the Memphis area were established based on the fragility data available in the literature. Using these fragility curves, the expected damage to all the fire stations caused by both scenario earthquakes was determined. The results indicate that most of the fire stations will suffer moderate to heavy damage and are expected to be out of operation after the earthquakes. Thus, the authorities need to take appropriate action to mitigate the risks posed by the loss of fire stations.

Seismic performance of new adobe bricks masonry: Design and experiment

2021 ◽  
pp. 136943322110463
Author(s):  
Tiegang Zhou ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Ben Ma ◽  
Zaiyu Zhang ◽  
Wei Tan
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Shear Capacity ◽  
Western China ◽  
Compressed Earth Blocks ◽  
Core Column ◽  
Earth Blocks ◽  
Energy Dissipation Capacity

At present, adobe houses with traditional characteristics are still widely used in rural areas in western China, but their seismic performance is relatively poor, and they often suffer serious damage under earthquake. To improve the seismic performance of traditional adobe buildings while retaining the characteristics of residential buildings, the mechanical properties of compressed earth blocks (CEB) were tested in this study, and the microstructure characteristics of CEB after failure were analyzed by electron microscope. On this basis, six adobe wall specimens were designed and tested by quasi-static loading to investigate the influence of core columns and different types of bricks on its seismic performance. The results show that the core column can improve the bearing capacity and shear capacity of hollow CEB, and it can also significantly increase the bearing capacity, energy dissipation capacity, and ductility of CEB wall. In general, the adobe wall with core columns shows excellent seismic performance, which can provide a new choice for improving the seismic performance of the adobe house.

Seismic fragility models of a bridge system based on copula method

2021 ◽  
pp. 875529302110525
Author(s):  
Libo Chen ◽  
Caigui Huang ◽  
Haiqiang Chen ◽  
Zhenfeng Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Marginal Distribution ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
System Level ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Seismic Fragility ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Copula Models ◽  
Bridge System

Seismic fragility assessment widely uses a probabilistic measure for assessing the seismic performance of structural components or systems. This article proposes a copula-based seismic fragility (CBSF) method to derive the system-level damage probabilities of reinforced concrete bridges and to consider the correlation among seismic demands of components. First, the marginal distribution functions of the random variables are calibrated, and three Archimedean copula models are considered. Subsequently, the relevant parameters of the copula models are estimated using the semi-parametric maximum likelihood method. Next, the damage probabilities of a bridge system are calculated based on the joint distribution model with the most suitable copula model and the calibrated marginal distribution functions. Finally, the CBSF method is used to estimate the damage probability of a simply supported box girder bridge. The performance of the CBSF method is validated by a comparison of fragility curves obtained using the CBSF method and the probabilistic seismic demand analysis (PSDA) method. The comparative results demonstrate that the fragility curves obtained by the CBSF method are better than those obtained using the PSDA method. The proposed CBSF model can serve as a tool for assessing the seismic performance of structures and estimating the economic loss of existing bridge systems.

The effect of vertical near-field ground motions on the collapse risk of high-rise reinforced concrete frame-core wall structures

2021 ◽  
pp. 136943322110561
Author(s):  
Arsam Taslimi ◽  
Mohsen Tehranizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Frame ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Intensity Measures ◽  
Vertical Excitation ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Wall Structures

According to the observations of past earthquakes, the vertical ground motions have had a striking influence on the engineering structures, especially reinforced concrete ones. Nevertheless, the number of studies on their aftermath is insufficient, and despite some endeavors done by researchers, there is still a shortage of knowledge about the inclusion of vertical excitation on the seismic performance and the collapse probability of RC buildings. Hence, the variation in the collapse risk of three high-rise RC frame-core wall structures when they undergo bi-directional ground motions is discussed. In this paper, incremental dynamic analyses are carried out under two circumstances, including the horizontal (H) and the combined horizontal and vertical (H+V) earthquakes, and the seismic fragility curves are derived. The inter-story drift ratio corresponding to the onset of collapse has also been defined. The buildings collapse risk under the two circumstances is obtained from the risk integral. Results indicate that in the H+V state, structures meet the collapse criteria for lower intensity measures. Thus, the collapse risk increases as the structures are subjected to bi-directional seismic loads, and the consideration of this effect leads to a more accurate evaluation of buildings seismic performance.

Improving Post-Earthquake Building Safety Evaluation using the 2015 Gorkha, Nepal, Earthquake Rapid Visual Damage Assessment Data

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 415-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Didier ◽  
Salome Baumberger ◽  
Roman Tobler ◽  
Simona Esposito ◽  
Siddhartha Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Visual Damage ◽  
2015 Gorkha Earthquake ◽  
Building Safety

A Rapid Visual Damage Assessment was initiated in the direct aftermath of the 2015 Gorkha earthquake to assess the safety and damage of residential buildings in the areas affected by the earthquake. Over 30,000 paper assessment forms have been subsequently digitized. The collected data set allows comparison of the observed damage to the residential building stock to the damage expected using existing fragility curves. Under certain conditions and respecting certain limitations, the post-earthquake building safety and damage data can be used to update the existing fragility functions for the Nepalese building stock. Recommendations are made for the improvement of post-earthquake building safety assessments in Nepal in order to: (1) make data collection more consistent, (2) increase the accuracy of the collected data, and (3) make more effective use of the collected data after future earthquakes.

scholarly journals Effect of the Bracing System on the Probability of Collapse of Steel Structures under Maximum Credible Earthquake

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Alireza Kianmehr
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
Braced Frame ◽  
Ductile Behavior ◽  
Bracing System ◽  
Eccentric Bracing ◽  
Different Characteristics

Simple bracing frames can be divided into two types in terms of concentric or eccentric. Concentric bracing frames are frames that intersect with other structural members at one point in the structure along the bracing members. Otherwise, the braced frame will be eccentric. It is said empirically that due to this type of shaping, eccentric bracing frames exhibit more ductile behavior and concentric bracing frames exhibit more stiff behavior. This behavioral difference caused this study to be numerically computing for five frames, including unique concentric and eccentric bracing frames of 5 and 10 stories and an ordinary 5-story concentric bracing frame. Their tensions and drift ratios should be acceptable for the use of residential buildings. Using the primary two steps of the new PEER probabilistic framework, namely, probabilistic seismic hazard analysis and structural analysis, which leads to the drawing of fragility curves, the probability of collapse is obtained to compare the safety capability of these frames according to their different characteristics against earthquakes. The results show that increasing the ductility or increasing the number of floors or the height of these systems can reduce collapse. Also, according to the results of the probability of collapse obtained in frames with 5-story concentric bracing frames, it can be said that some of the current regulations, which work based on previous approaches of analysis, can lead to unsafe structures with a high probability of collapse.

scholarly journals Relationships between empirical damage and direct/indirect costs for the assessment of seismic loss scenarios

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Di Ludovico ◽  
Giuseppina De Martino ◽  
Andrea Prota ◽  
Gaetano Manfredi ◽  
Mauro Dolce
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Damage State ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
2009 L’Aquila Earthquake ◽  
Damage States

AbstractThe definition of relationships between damage and losses is a crucial aspect for the prediction of seismic effects and the development of reliable models to define risk maps, loss scenarios and mitigation strategies. The paper focuses on the analysis of post-earthquake empirical data to define relationships between buildings’ damage expressed as usability rating or as global damage state and the associated costs for repair (i.e. direct costs) or for population assistance (i.e. a part of total indirect costs). The analysis refers to the data collected on residential buildings damaged by 2009 L'Aquila earthquake. For different usability rating or damage states, the paper presents the costs expressed in terms of percentage with respect to the reference unit cost of a new building (%Cr and %Ca for repair and population assistance costs, respectively). In particular, the costs analysis refers to undamaged, lightly or severely damaged buildings classified according to usability rating (i.e. A, B-C or E according to Italian classification) or to five different global Damage States (DSs). DSs comply with European Macroseismic Scale (EMS-98) and derive from literature available matrices properly defined to convert empirical damage to structural and non-structural components into building global damage. The %Cr probability density functions and relevant statistics derive from the analysis of actual data of post-earthquake reconstruction process, while, to determine those related to %Ca, a deep analysis of population assistance types, person/month assistance cost for each assistance form, and a methodology to associate such costs to each building are herein presented and discussed. Finally, the paper presents a relationship calibrated on empirical data to directly correlate repair costs on a building with assistance costs to their occupants. The relationships between empirical damage and direct and indirect costs herein presented are of paramount importance because they allow reliable loss scenarios to be defined by simply using literature fragility curves (defined according to empirical or mechanical approaches) aimed at evaluating the probability of exceeding different usability rating or damage states of existing buildings.

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