Inheritance of seed quality and seed germination in two doubled haploid populations of oilseed rape segregating for acid detergent lignin (ADL) content

AbstractThe high lignin content of the seed hull of oilseed rape leads to its black seed color compared to yellow seeded soybean. Reducing lignin and increasing oil and protein content is an important breeding aim in oilseed rape. The objective of the present study was to analyze the inheritance of two rapeseed genetic resources with reduced lignin content in the seeds and to elucidate the effects on seed germination and composition. These resources were crossed to black seeded Express 617 and F1 plants were used to develop two doubled haploid (DH) populations. The two DH populations were tested in field experiments in three to five environments. Significant genetic variation for lignin content and bimodal frequency distributions were found in both populations. SNP marker segregation in contrasting bulks revealed for both populations overlapping narrow genomic regions on chromosome C03, responsible for reduced lignin content. The low lignin bulks had a significantly higher percentage of seeds showing bacterial and fungal growth, but germination and vigor was not affected. Non-targeted metabolome analysis of immature green seeds showed exclusively a depletion of metabolites of the proanthocyanidin pathway in DH lines with a reduced lignin content. In these DH lines, a cinnamate-4-hydroxylase gene copy was identified as candidate gene in the overlapping genomic region of both populations. The newly identified QTL for reduced lignin content on chromosome C03 is valuable for studying additive and epistatic effects in combination with other low lignin genotypes.

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Effects of a growth promoter on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) crops in Sancti Spíritus province, Cuba

Acta Agronómica ◽

10.15446/acag.v66n3.53820 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 360-366 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kolima Peña Calzada ◽

Juan Carlos Rodríguez Fernández ◽

Martín Santana Sotolongo ◽

Dilier Olivera Viciedo ◽

Cesar Danilo Valle Expósito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Latin Square ◽

Growth Promoter ◽

Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽

Controlled Conditions ◽

Randomized Design

In order to evaluate the effect of a growth promoter on the productivity performance and seed-quality in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) crops, two experiments were carried out, one in the field and under controlled conditions. In the field experiments, a Latin square design was used for four treatments as follows: control, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0 l.ha-1, respectively, where yield components were evaluated. The seeds used in the controlled conditions experiment were from prior trials, in a totally randomized design, at the dosages above mentioned. Seed germination and seedling growth were evaluated. In the field experiments, the product had a stimulating effect on the production. The highest yields were reached with the 0.8 and 1.0 l.ha-1 dosages in number 1, with values of 3.09 and 3.02 t.ha-1, and in number 2, the treatment with the best results was 1.0 l.ha-1, with a yield of 2.07 t.ha-1. In germination, there were significant differences among variables only in the first assessment at three days after planting. The best performance in seedling growth and in dry matter production was the treatment with seeds from the 0.5 l.ha-1 dosage in experiment 1. In addition, in number 2, performance among variables was similar. Therefore, VIUSID agro improved the bean yield performance and did not affect later seed germination nor initial seedling growth.

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Introgression of B-genome chromosomes in a doubled haploid population of Brassica napus × B. carinata

Genome ◽

10.1139/g10-039 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 53 (8) ◽

pp. 619-629 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Z. K. Navabi ◽

I. A.P. Parkin ◽

J. C. Pires ◽

Z. Xiong ◽

M. R. Thiagarajah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Doubled Haploid ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Interspecific Cross ◽

Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽

Erucic Acid Content ◽

Doubled Haploid Population ◽

Dh Population ◽

B Genome ◽

Dh Lines

The Brassica B-genome species possess many valuable agronomic and disease resistance traits. To transfer traits from the B genome of B. carinata into B. napus , an interspecific cross between B. napus and B. carinata was performed and a doubled haploid (DH) population was generated from the BC2S3 generation. Successful production of interspecific DH lines as identified using B-genome microsatellite markers is reported. Five percent of DH lines carry either intact B-genome chromosomes or chromosomes that have deletions. All of the DH lines have linkage group J13/B7 in common. This was further confirmed using B. nigra genomic DNA in a fluorescent in situ hybridization assay where the B-genome chromosomes were visualized and distinguished from the A- and C-genome chromosomes. The 60 DH lines were also evaluated for morphological traits in the field for two seasons and were tested for resistance to blackleg, caused by Leptosphaeria maculans , under greenhouse conditions. Variation in the DH population followed a normal distribution for several agronomic traits and response to blackleg. The lines with B-genome chromosomes were significantly different (p < 0.01) from the lines without B-genome chromosomes for both morphological and seed quality traits such as days to flowering, days to maturity, and erucic acid content.

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Micro-nutrients Seed Priming and rhizobium Coating on Seed Vigour, Crop Growth and Seed Yield in Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-4488 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

S. Kavitha ◽

P. Srimathi

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Crop Growth ◽

Seedling Vigour ◽

Seed Vigour ◽

Vigour Index

Background: Black gram is the important pulses crop, grown throughout the country; gives low seed yield mainly due to poor management and low soil fertility. Development of suitable technology is essential to enhance productivity. Seed priming is one such effective technology which enhance rapid and uniform emergence to achieve high vigour, leading to better stand establishment and yield. The current research aimed to study micronutrient seed priming and rhizobium coating on seed germination, seedling vigour, crop growth and seed yield in black gram.Methods: Blackgram seeds were primed with 10 different micronutrient solutions with different concentrations and evaluated for its quality parameters to find out suitable seed priming technique. Seeds from two best priming treatments were coated with rhizobium @ 30g/kg of seed and evaluated for its production potential and resultant seed quality under field condition.Result: Seed priming with 0.5% ZnSO4 at 1/3rd seed to solution ratio for 3 hours recorded higher germination (96%) and vigour index (3811) than control which recorded 84% seed germination and 2528 of vigour index under laboratory experiment. Field experiments revealed that, seeds primed with 0.5% ZnSO4 and coated with rhizobium @ 30g per kg of seeds improved seed yield by 13.2% over control.

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Agronomic Performance of Doubled Haploid Lines and Pedigree-Derived Lines of Winter Oilseed Rape

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ◽

10.17221/3710-cjgpb ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 40 (No. 4) ◽

pp. 127-133

Author(s):

V. Kučera ◽

E. Schwarzbach ◽

M. Klíma ◽

M. Vyvadilová

Keyword(s):

Oilseed Rape ◽

Doubled Haploid ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Winter Oilseed Rape ◽

Actual System ◽

Random Samples ◽

Breeding Programmes ◽

Dh Lines ◽

The Given ◽

Overlapping Sets

In four not overlapping sets of cultivars, including doubled haploid (DH) lines and pedigree derived (PD) lines of winter oilseed rape, both types of lines were compared in basic agronomic traits. The tested lines originated from breeding programmes of different breeders. Each set of cultivars was tested in a different year from 2001 to 2004 in multi-location trials with four replicates. There was no consistency in yield superiority of DH or PD lines and in all four sets the differences between the means of DH and PD groups were insignificant. On average, the differences between the groups of DH and PD lines were negligible in all evaluated agronomic traits. The statistical analyses of yield performance however revealed a very low predictive value of the multi-location trials. It can be concluded that with the given selection techniques and the actual system of cultivar trials nearly random samples of possible DH and PD lines were obtained in which no superiority of DH or PD lines in the evaluated agronomic traits could be detected.  

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Effects of Interspecific Chromosome Substitution in Upland Cotton on Cottonseed Macronutrients

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10061158 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1158

Author(s):

Nacer Bellaloui ◽

Sukumar Saha ◽

Jennifer L. Tonos ◽

Jodi A. Scheffler ◽

Johnie N. Jenkins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Carolina ◽

Upland Cotton ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

Chromosome Substitution ◽

Substitution Lines ◽

Chromosome Substitution Lines ◽

Macronutrient Content ◽

Chromosome Arm

Nutrients, including macronutrients such as Ca, P, K, and Mg, are essential for crop production and seed quality, and for human and animal nutrition and health. Macronutrient deficiencies in soil lead to poor crop nutritional qualities and a low level of macronutrients in cottonseed meal-based products, leading to malnutrition. Therefore, the discovery of novel germplasm with a high level of macronutrients or significant variability in the macronutrient content of crop seeds is critical. To our knowledge, there is no information available on the effects of chromosome or chromosome arm substitution on cottonseed macronutrient content. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of chromosome or chromosome arm substitution on the variability and content of the cottonseed macronutrients Ca, K, Mg, N, P, and S in chromosome substitution lines (CS). Nine chromosome substitution lines were grown in two-field experiments at two locations in 2013 in South Carolina, USA, and in 2014 in Mississippi, USA. The controls used were TM-1, the recurrent parent of the CS line, and the cultivar AM UA48. The results showed major variability in macronutrients among CS lines and between CS lines and controls. For example, in South Carolina, the mean values showed that five CS lines (CS-T02, CS-T04, CS-T08sh, CS-B02, and CS-B04) had higher Ca level in seed than controls. Ca levels in these CS lines varied from 1.88 to 2.63 g kg−1 compared with 1.81 and 1.72 g kg−1 for TM-1 and AMUA48, respectively, with CS-T04 having the highest Ca concentration. CS-M08sh exhibited the highest K concentration (14.50 g kg−1), an increase of 29% and 49% over TM-1 and AM UA48, respectively. Other CS lines had higher Mg, P, and S than the controls. A similar trend was found at the MS location. This research demonstrated that chromosome substitution resulted in higher seed macronutrients in some CS lines, and these CS lines with a higher content of macronutrients can be used as a genetic tool towards the identification of desired seed nutrition traits. Also, the CS lines with higher desired macronutrients can be used as parents to breed for improved nutritional quality in Upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., through improvement by the interspecific introgression of desired seed nutrient traits such as Ca, K, P, S, and N. The positive and significant (p ≤ 0.0001) correlation of P with Ca, P with Mg, S with P, and S with N will aid in understanding the relationships between nutrients to improve the fertilizer management program and maintain higher cottonseed nutrient content.

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Genetic variation of seed phosphorus concentration in winter oilseed rape and development of a NIRS calibration

Euphytica ◽

10.1007/s10681-021-02782-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 217 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Jakob Eifler ◽

Jürgen Enno Wick ◽

Bernd Steingrobe ◽

Christian Möllers

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Rapeseed Meal ◽

Quality Analysis ◽

Phosphorus Concentration ◽

Genotypic Differences ◽

Organic P ◽

P Concentration ◽

Total P

AbstractPhytic acid is the major organic phosphorus storage compound in rapeseed. Following oil extraction, the defatted meal is used in feed mixtures for livestock. However, monogastric pigs and chickens can only poorly metabolize phytate. Hence, their excrements are rich in phosphorus (P), which when applied as manure may lead to eutrophication of surface waters. The aim of the present study was to analyze the genetic variation for total and organic P concentration (i.e. mainly phytate) in rapeseed and to compare the results with soybean. Two sets of rapeseed material were tested in field experiments in different environments with varying soil P levels and harvested seeds were used for seed quality analysis. Results revealed significant genotypic differences in total seed P concentration, which ranged from 0.47 to 0.94%. Depending on the experiment, the heritability for total P concentration ranged from 52 to 93%. The organic P portion of total P concentration was above 90% for current rapeseed hybrids. In both sets, there was a significant positive correlation between seed protein and P concentration. A NIRS calibration for total P concentration in intact seeds showed in cross validation a standard error of 0.05% and a coefficient of determination of R2 = 0.83. Total P concentration of soybean seeds and meal was between 0.55 and 0.65%, and around 1.1% for rapeseed meal. Rapeseed meal had a twofold higher ratio of total P to nitrogen concentration as compared to soybean which could be considered adverse when the meal is used for feeding livestock.

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The Use of Electrostatic Field to Improve Soybean Seed Germination in Organic Production

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11081473 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1473

Author(s):

Zlatica Mamlic ◽

Ivana Maksimovic ◽

Petar Canak ◽

Goran Mamlic ◽

Vojin Djukic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Electrostatic Field ◽

Seed Quality ◽

18Th Century ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Organic Production ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Physical Treatment ◽

Soybean Seedlings ◽

Dark Green

Soybean production in the system of organic agriculture is not very demanding, and this has been well documented both through experimental results and commercial production. However, one of the biggest problems in organic production is the lack of adequate pre-sowing treatments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of the electrostatic field. This is a physical treatment that was first used for seed treatment in the 18th century but has mostly been neglected since then. Seeds of five soybean genotypes with differently colored seed coats (yellow, green, dark green, brown, and black) were included in this study. The seeds were exposed to different values of direct current (DC) with the following voltages: 0 V (control), 3 V, 6 V, and 9 V, to which the seeds were exposed for 0 min (control), 1 min, and 3 min. After exposing the seeds to the electric field, the physiological properties of seeds and seedlings at the first stage of growth were evaluated. The results show that the effect of the electrostatic field on seed quality depends on the genotype, voltage, and exposure time. The application of DC can be a suitable method for improving seed germination and the initial growth of soybean seedlings. In addition, the results indicate that it is necessary to adjust the DC treatment (voltage and duration of exposure of seeds) to particular genotypes since inadequate treatments may reduce the quality of seeds.

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QTL analysis of seed germination traits in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

Journal of Applied Genetics ◽

10.1007/s13353-021-00623-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Monika Agacka-Mołdoch ◽

Mian Abdur Rehman Arif ◽

Ulrike Lohwasser ◽

Teresa Doroszewska ◽

Ramsey S. Lewis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nicotiana Tabacum ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Doubled Haploid ◽

Mapping Population ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Linkage Groups ◽

Polygenic Control ◽

Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽

Controlled Deterioration ◽

Germination Traits

AbstractGenetic mapping of seed germination traits has been performed with many plant species. In tobacco, however, investigations are rare. In the present study, a bi-parental mapping population consisting of 118 doubled haploid lines and derived from a cross between ‘Beinhart-1000’ and ‘Hicks’ was investigated. Four germination-related traits, total germination (TG), normal germination (NG), time to reach 50% of total germination (T50), and the area under the curve after 200 h of germination (AUC) were considered by examining seeds either untreated or after a moderate controlled deterioration (CD). Quantitative trait loci were found for all traits distributed on 11 out of the 24 linkage groups. It was demonstrated that, as in many other species, germination-related traits are very complex and under polygenic control.

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Oilseed rape

Outlook on Agriculture ◽

10.1177/003072708401300301 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 118-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

D. H. Scarisbrick ◽

R. W. Daniels

Keyword(s):

Oilseed Rape ◽

Financial Incentives ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Full Potential ◽

World Production ◽

Wheat Field ◽

The Third ◽

Important Crop ◽

The Uk

Oilseed rape is currently the third most important crop in the UK after barley and wheat. Field experiments show that despite the already attractive yields the full potential of the crop has not yet been achieved. However, its future is uncertain in that the area devoted to it within the EEC—representing one-fifth of world production—is strongly influenced by the financial incentives offered. It is suggested that within the Community output should be limited to 3.3m tonnes p.a. for the next five years.

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