scholarly journals Spatial concentration of creative industries and location of creative clusters in Poland

GeoJournal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Namyślak ◽  
Waldemar Spallek
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Local Potential ◽  
Spatial Concentration ◽  
Location Quotient

AbstractThe authors compared the geographical distribution of creative clusters in Poland with the spatial distribution of LQ (Location Quotient) measuring the concentration of creative entities in a given area. The study aimed to answer the following questions: what is the spatial distribution of clustering potential for creative industries?, which municipalities are home to entities forming creative clusters?, and, above all, are creative clusters actually formed in areas offering the greatest potential in this respect? In order to find answers to the above questions, the authors carried out two sub-analyses. The first led to the conclusion that only 1.9% of municipalities in Poland offer conditions for creative specialisations, including the formation of creative clusters (LQ > 1.25). The next step involved a comparison of geographical distribution of areas with clustering potential with areas being home to actual creative clusters. The authors did not observe any relationship between the value of LQ reflecting clustering potential for creative industries and the distribution and size of active creative clusters. The correlation coefficient between LQ and the number of cluster members was positive but weak. It shows that creative clusters in Poland are not formed in locations offering best conditions in terms of the number of potential members. Therefore, there are other factors behind the formation of cluster structures. Nevertheless, local potential should be the main driving force because it is one of the crucial components of favourable conditions for building economic specialisation and a foundation on which proper cluster structures should be built on.

scholarly journals Koncentracja przestrzenna działalności twórczych a lokalizacja klastrów kreatywnych w Polsce = The spatial concentration of creative activity and location of creative clusters in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-531
Author(s):  
Beata Namyślak ◽  
Waldemar Spallek
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
External Funding ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
New Members ◽  
Endogenous Potential ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Potential Member

This paper deals with the relationship between the clustering potential and the actually created cluster structures in Poland. The authors compared the level of concentration of entities representing creative industries, expressed as the Location Quotient (LQ), with the locations of the creative clusters actually existing in Poland. The questions to which answers were sought were: (1) what is the geographical distribution of clustering potential where creative industries are concerned? (2) which gminas (units of local-government administration) are home to the entities forming the creative clusters?, and (3) are cluster structures really emerging in the areas offering the greatest clustering potential? To answer these questions, the authors conducted two analyses, of which the first led to a conclusion that – where the accepted interpretation of the LQ value is applied – only 1.9% of Poland’s gminas have conditions allowing for the building of creative specialisations, including via the development of creative clusters (where more stringent requirements are adopted, that share actually reduces further to 0.6%). Furthermore, the group in question shows a clearly-dominant role for gminas of Mazowieckie voivodship (province-region). In general, the distribution of creative entities across Poland is seen to be uneven, though it does correspond with the distribution of population through the country. Visible concentrations of the entities analysed were thus to be observed around the Metropolitan Areas of Warsaw, Kraków, Wrocław, Poznań, Łódź, the Tri-City (Gdańsk-Gdynia-Sopot) and Upper Silesia, as well as around Rybnik and Bielsko. A second result relates to the distribution of creative clusters, of which some 17 are to be noted. As of 2019, these each had between 4 and 66 members. Detailed analysis further confirms the very uneven geographical distribution, with Śląskie and in part also Małopolskie voivodships clearly dominant. Each of the remaining voivodeships have a maximum of two creative clusters. The two results obtained were then combined (Figs. 2 and 3), in line with an assumption that comparison of the clustering potential and the distribution of existing clusters would supply a positive and moderate correlation. In the event, no such result was obtained, with the coefficient for the correlation between the number of all surveyed entities in municipalities and the number of entities included in a cluster being: R=0.16. A similar result (of R=0.26) was obtained by examining the correlation between LQ and the numbers of entities forming clusters. This result shows that creative clusters are not established in Poland in the areas of the country offering the best conditions in terms of numbers of potential member entities. It follows that the creation of cluster structures is determined by other factors. These may include activity on the part of cluster facilitators, as well as the latter’s talent for acquiring new members for a cluster initiative, as well as the prospect of external funding being obtained. It is nevertheless endogenous potential that should be the driving force, given the favourable conditions it provides for economic specialisation to be pursued – as the basis upon which to build proper cluster structures.

scholarly journals The Issues of Healthcare-Associated Infections — The Economic and Social Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaudia Twardowska ◽  
Maciej Jewczak
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Spatial Concentration ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Social Perspectives ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The aim of the paper was to diagnose and analyse the rates of infections in Polish voivodships, and possible consequences from both economic and social perspectives of the changes in the levels of cases reported. For the analyses, data banks of Central Statistical Office in Warsaw were used, in particular, information on the incidence of infectious diseases and poisonings. The rates of changes and spatial concentration of the phenomena were investigated in the period between 2005 and 2015. For estimates of regional trends, the Shift-Share Analysis was adopted, and the pattern of spatial distribution was defined on the basis of location quotients. Extreme values of location quotients were observed in Warmińsko-Mazurskie for shigellosis, in Lubuskie for trichinellosis, and for AIDS in Dolnośląskie. Location quotient values allowed identifying regions with a higher spatial concentration of infectious diseases incidences, which in turn could indicate areas and cases where preventive actions should be improved or modified. The Shift-Share Analysis resulted in pointing out regions that recorded a positive change in infection rates. The obtained results also demonstrated that in some cases, the impact of structural changes influences the net rates of infections more than the local components. The obtained results directly indicated objects (regions) where attention should be paid to prevention. Especially, the results of spatial distribution and concentration allowed a reliable analysis of the state of population incidence rates, as well as answered questions concerning the origin of rates whether the change derived from structural, local or overall tendencies. Results could be adopted, for instance, in preventive strategies of local governments. The estimates might be beneficial from the perspective of the healthcare system, due to easier predictive scenarios of future infection and possible centres with the increase in incidence.

Spatial distribution of public health care facilities in rural areas of Nalanda district, Bihar

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-399
Author(s):  
Anand Kumar ◽  
◽  
Dhiraj Kumar Sharma ◽  
Satya Prakash ◽  
Ram Sakal Yadava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Care Facilities

At this critical juncture of time when the whole world is facing a health care emergency due to the occurrence of (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. It becomes necessary to critically evaluate public health care facilities and their availability to common people to tackle the ongoing crisis rationally. In this regard, this paper tries to study the spatial distribution of public health care facilities and their availability in rural areas of Nalanda district. Location quotient, Lorenz curve and Gini's coefficient have been worked out to find unequal concentration, availability and distribution of public health care facilities across the study area. To show the concentration and distribution of health care facilities over space maps have been drawn on ArcGIS. MS Excel and Word have been used for showing the availability of health care facilities through graphical representation and for tabulation purposes. This paper concludes that community development blocks surrounding district headquarter have a higher concentration and larger availability of rural public health care facilities in comparison to peripheral community development blocks of the study area.

Skills and Training Investment Vital to the Success of Public Service Broadcasting

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Collaborative Approach ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Production Sector ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Service Broadcasting ◽  
Total Investment ◽  
And Training

This chapter discusses the skill challenges in the creative industries. The public service broadcasting (PSB) system is the driving force behind the UK's vibrant TV production sector. The PSBs are responsible for some 80 per cent of total investment in UK original non-news content. Independent producers are responsible for around 60 per cent of total commissioned hours on the five main PSB channels. As new platforms and formats emerge and old divides are blurred, there is a need for a holistic and collaborative approach across not just PSBs but all screen-based industries to ensure that the creative industries' talent base can compete globally. This requires upskilling and re-skilling with an integrated view and a systematic approach to tackling barriers to entry and enabling progression within an ever more casualized workforce.

Concentration and Dynamics of the Brazilian Agriculture

2011 ◽  
pp. 6-29
Author(s):  
Fernando Garagorry ◽  
Homero Filho
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Distance Measures ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Substantial Portion ◽  
Spatial Concentration ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
The Third ◽  
Latin American Countries

This chapter examines the measurement of motion in agriculture. Not only in Brazil, but in several Latin-American countries, important changes have been observed in the geographical distribution of the agricultural activity. They may take different forms, such as occupation of new areas or reallocation of particular products to areas that were already under some form of agriculture. Besides, in any year, for a given level of geographical subdivision, the distribution of a product shows spatial concentration; but the places which concentrate a substantial portion of the total production may change from year to year, and different subsets of the total territory occupied by a product may move at different speeds. Three distance measures will be introduced in order to assess the motion of individual products; two of them correspond to mathematical concepts, while the third one gives the terrestrial distance between national centers of gravity of the products.

Using betweenness metrics to investigate the geographical distribution of retailers

2020 ◽  
pp. 239980832097130
Author(s):  
Luigi Buzzacchi ◽  
Philippe Leveque ◽  
Roberta Taramino ◽  
Giulio Zotteri
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Differentiated Goods ◽  
Shopping Trips ◽  
The Impact

In retailing, a location’s accessibility and attractiveness depends on the spatial distribution of other stores and consumers. In particular, the literature shows that a place is more attractive for retailers if the generic routes taken by consumers often cross it. However, previous studies failed to consider that there are at least two possible consumer routes: job commutes from residential to workplaces and shopping trips among stores. In this paper, we analyze the impact of both consumer routes on the commercial patterns in Turin. The paper demonstrates that daily commutes to workplaces do not benefit a retailer along the trip, as much as journeys for shopping purposes do. In particular, we show that the benefits that a store can have when localized on the routes depend on the kind of goods it sells. Finally, the paper shows that stores selling homogeneous products and stores selling differentiated goods subject to comparison can differently benefit from being located in population hotspots and in commercial areas.

The Quest for Creative Industries: A Multilevel National Study of the Impacts of Urban Form on the Geography of Creative Industries

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (8) ◽  
pp. 157-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahereh Granpayehvaghei ◽  
Ahmad Bonakdar ◽  
Ahoura Zandiatashbar ◽  
Shima Hamidi
Keyword(s):  
Census Tract ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
National Study ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Economic Development Policy ◽  
Transit Accessibility ◽  
Employment Location

Creative industries have gained increasing attention in light of the cultural economy as viable magnets for local and regional economic development. Policy makers thus would benefit from attracting creative industries as potential economic boosters. However, it is hard to target such catalyst industries without better knowledge of the urban form conditions that may influence the location preference of these industries; do creative industries favor compact, pedestrian-friendly neighborhoods with transit accessibility to employment? This paper, as one of the first national studies, answers this question using a multilevel modeling approach to control for the socioeconomic and built environment characteristics at both local and regional levels. Factor analysis is used to define a Creative Score, which captures the geography of creative industries using the number of creative firms, employment, the percentage of creative firms, and a creative employment location quotient. The compactness/sprawl index is used at both census tract and metropolitan levels as a proxy for urban form. Accounting for the socioeconomic factors, the findings suggest that, at the neighborhood level, the compactness index is significantly and positively associated with the Creative Score. Every 10% increase in compactness score results in a 0.3% increase in Creative Score at the census tract level. This is partly because compact neighborhoods provide creative industries with a stronger consumer base as a reliable source of development. Compact urban form also serves agglomeration economies by facilitating knowledge exchange, reducing travel time and costs, and giving greater accessibility to destinations by transit.

The geographical distribution of passenger railway hubs in Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
K. V. Samburov
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Economic Regions

The geographical distribution of 550 passenger railway nodes that are serving longer distance trains were studied. It’s containing 622 stations, which encompass more than 97% of passenger departures total number on the railway in 2016 were selected and grouped according to its size and the main nodes’characteristics were analyzed. Studying dependence of node’s rank and size from number of people, which live in its area, revealed that the less population size center is, the more other factors influence. The factual and ideal Zipf’s curve for the hierarchy of railway nodes were analyzed and its discrepancy was identified. An excessive role of Moscow as a main node and of Saint Petersburg as the second center is a feature in the hierarchy of nodes. This research also represents the analysis of nodes’ upper groups (more than 250 000 passenger departures per year). Spatial distribution of passenger railway nodes on the territory of Russia is descripted and the similarity of it with area of main resettlement was found. However, the density of relatively large nodes increases in Central and Central Black Earth economic regions and in Circum-Pontic region

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