Assessment of Radionuclide Contents in Medicinal Plant Raw Material of the Central Black-Earth Belt and their Influence on Accumulation of Biologically Active Compounds

Abstract Lonicera caerulea L., also known as honeysuckle berries, are rich in biologically active compounds, which makes them a valuable raw material for the development of functional foods. The objects of the research were three honeysuckle cultivars (‘Zoluška’, ‘Siņaja Ptica’, ‘Goluboje Vereteno’), four genotypes (No 2A; No 3; No 5; No 8) and kefir, enriched with various amounts (3–10%) of fruit puree. Physical and chemical analyses to determine the qualitative indicators of raw materials and products were performed. The degree of liking of kefir was assessed using sensory analysis: hedonic and line scales. The results obtained showed that among the cultivars the highest content of anthocyanins (1103.5 mg·100 g−1), total phenols (693.3 mg·100 g−1), flavonoids (753.9 mg·100 g−1), and tannins (1.6 mg·100 g−1), were found in ‘Siņaja Ptica’ berries, while among the genotypes, berries of No 8 had the highest concentration of the aforesaid compounds. Both samples also showed the highest antiradical activity: ABTS+• on average by 71.7% and DPPH− by 43.7%. According to the sensory evaluation, kefir with 10% honeysuckle puree was rated the highest. Honeysuckle berries could be used as a promising source of natural anti-oxidants in future research aimed at developing different new products that could meet consumer expectations.

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State and prospects of modern research in biotechnology of licens as a medicinal raw material

Bulletin of the State Nikitsky Botanical Gardens ◽

10.36305/0513-1634-2021-140-120-129 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 120-129

Author(s):

E. F. Semyonova ◽

I. M. Teplitskaya ◽

M. A. Goncharov ◽

D. A. Goncharov

Keyword(s):

Usnic Acid ◽

Biologically Active Compounds ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Alternaria Sp ◽

Ancient Times ◽

Methodological Approaches ◽

Original Experimental Data

Based on the content analysis of the sources of patent and scientific literature on the biotechnology of lichens as a medicinal raw material, systematized modern information is provided, as well as original experimental data regarding the cultivation of botanical species of lichens of various ecological and geographical groups under controlled conditions. Since ancient times, lichens havebeen used as medicines and are included in the pharmacopoeias of various countries. At present, methodological approaches have been developed for the cultivation of lichens (genera Usnea, Rhinocarpon, Umbilicara ) and their components: phycobiont (genera Nostoc, Chlorella ), mycobiont ( Petrusaria pertiza, Leydea parasema, Alternaria sp.). The main biologically active compounds (usnic acid, lichenin, cetrarin, water-soluble vitamins, calcium oxalate) and the pharmacological effects caused by them (antimicrobial, stimulating appetite, enveloping, anti-inflammatory, anti-burn, regenerating). Biotechnological approaches can be implemented for species cloning, reproduction, creation of a bank of cell cultures of lichens and their components in order to preserve economically valuable producers in an active state and develop technologies for obtaining biomass and pharmacologically valuable biologically active compounds.

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The study of amino acid composition of roots of dandlion (Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg.) growing in the North Caucasus

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya ◽

10.17816/2072-2354.2020.20.3.184-190 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (5-6) ◽

pp. 184-190

Author(s):

Anastasia O. Suschenko ◽

Evgenia V. Kompantseva

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Human Body ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Quantitative Composition ◽

North Caucasus ◽

Isoleucine Leucine ◽

The North ◽

Plant Raw Material

Aim. Being an integral part of proteins, amino acids are involved in all physiological processes in the human body. Plants being an accessible source of biologically active substances, there is a need to study medicinal plant raw material containing amino acids that are interchangeable and essential for the human body. Materials and methods. Air-dry roots of dandelion (Тaraxacum officinale Wigg.) collected on the slopes of mount Mashuk (Pyatigorsk) in April and September 2018 were studied. They were cleared of traces of soil. To determine the bound forms of amino acids the raw material was prepared by hydrolysis during heating. Data about the composition and amount of amino acids in the analyzed samples of dandelion roots were obtained by means of the system of capillary electrophoresis Drops-105. Processing of the data was carried out with the use of the computer program Multichrom for Windows. Results and discussion. 13 free amino acids were found in the roots of dandelion, of which 7 were nonessential (-alanine, glycine, serine, tyrosine, glutamic acid, arginine, proline) and 6 were essential amino acids (valine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, threonine, -phenylalanine). Bound amino acids were found to include 8 nonessential amino acids (-alanine, glycine, serine, tyrosine, arginine, Proline, glutamic and aspartic acid) and 6 essential ones (valine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, threonine, -phenylalanine). The amount of free and bound amino acids in the roots of dandelion collected in April is about 1.4% by weight of the raw material and reaches 3.5% in the roots collected in September. Conclusion. The qualitative and quantitative composition of amino acids in dandelion roots growing in the North Caucasus has been studied. The detected amino acids make a certain contribution to the total pharmacological effect of this type of medicinal plant raw material.

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Comparative analysis of the total quantity of flavonoids in domestic and imported raw material of stevia

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya ◽

10.17816/2072-2354.2020.20.3.164-169 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (5-6) ◽

pp. 164-169

Author(s):

Evgeny E. Кurdyukov ◽

Elena F. Semenova ◽

Aleksandr V. Mitishev ◽

Yаkov P. Moiseev ◽

Anna V. Kuznetsova

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana ◽

Biologically Active Compounds ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Total Flavonoids ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Phytochemical Study ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽

Different Origin

Relevance. Standardization of plant raw material derived from stevia is a topical issue, since this plant (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) contains sweet diterpene glycosides and is used as a natural sugar substitute. In addition, stevia contains flavonoids which are biologically active compounds that exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and capillary-strengthening properties. Currently, spectrophotometric methods are used to identify and quantify flavonoids in medicinal plants. They are fast, convenient and do not require sophisticated equipment. The aim of our paper is comparative phytochemical study of the content of the total flavonoids in stevia raw material of different origin. Materials and methods. The study material was dried stevia leaves (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni), grown in the Penza Region, the Republic of Crimea, the Krasnodar territory, and raw materials imported from Paraguay and India. The content of the total flavonoids was estimated by differential spectrophotometry calculated with reference to cynaroside. Results. The study of the quantity of flavonoids in the raw material of stevia of different origin was carried out. In the presence of aluminum chloride stevia flavonoids form a complex compound at the absorption maximum of 408 2 nm. The content of flavonoids in different species of stevia are found to range from 1.13% to 1.74%. Conclusion. The obtained results allow to recommend stevia leaves as a source of flavonoids along with other available medicinal plants. It is advisable to classify the complex of flavonoids as the second group of biologically active compounds of stevia leaves.

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BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS CONTENE ASSESSMENT IN CINNAMON ROSE (ROSA MAJALIS HERRM.) FRUITS FROM THE KUZBASS FLORA

"Medical & pharmaceutical journal "Pulse" ◽

10.26787/nydha-2686-6838-2021-23-5-47-51 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 47-51

Author(s):

Egorova I.N. ◽

Maltseva E.M. ◽

Bolshakov V.V.

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Organic Acids ◽

Acid Content ◽

Ascorbic Acid Content ◽

Biologically Active Compounds ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Material Base ◽

Active Compounds ◽

The Rose

Cinnamon rose (Rosa majalis Herrm.) is the one of two species of rose hips growing in the Kemerovo region. The rose hips pharmacopoeial raw material are fruits which used as a vitamin agent. The rose hips pharmacological effect is due to the rich complex of biologically active substances contained in its fruits. Cinnamon rose belongs to the high-vitamin species. Ascorbic acid content can reach 4-14% in it. Due to the high content of organic acids and polyphenols, rose hips and preparations based on it have a fairly strong antioxidant effect. They are often used to prevent vitamin C deficiency, which is especially important for the region local population living in a territory with a harsh continental climate, characterized by long cold winters. Therefore, the rose hips from Kuzbass flora further study is an urgent goal to expand the medicinal plant raw material base and to provide the population of the region with a vitamin product. The study was aimed at assessing some biologically active compounds content (tannins, organic acids, ascorbic acid) in the cinnamon rose fruits growing in the region. Ascorbic acid quantitative determination was carried out by HPLC, organic acids and tannins - by titration. The analysis showed that the ascorbic acid content in the raw materials collected in the Topkinsky district of the region reaches 0,450±0,003 %, organic acids - 3,728±0,051 %, which corresponds to the PI requirements for this type of raw material. Tannins quantitative content reaches 5.76 %. Obtained experimental data comparative analysis with the literature confirmed the fact that one of the main factors affecting the rose hips vitamin content is the geographical factor.

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BIOLOGICAL ACTIVE COMPOUNDS SALSOLA TRAGUS L. (CHENOPODIACEAE) AS A PROMISING PHARMACOLOGICAL OBJECT OF UKRAINE

Odesa National University Herald Biology ◽

10.18524/2077-1746.2021.2(49).246873 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (2(49)) ◽

pp. 23-42

Author(s):

N. A. Kyrylenko ◽

F. P. Tkachenko ◽

О. О. Molodchenkova ◽

S. V. Baieva

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Essential Fatty Acids ◽

Total Content ◽

Biologically Active Compounds ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Active Compounds

Introduction. Evaluation of high-quality composition and content of biologically active compounds of Salsola tragus grass as promising raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry. Aim. To determine the chemical composition of the above-ground part of the Black Sea species of S. tragus for the purpose of its use in medicine. Materials and Methods. The study of biologically active compounds S. tragus were conducted in the summer of 2020. Grass samples were collected along the field road near the coast of the Tiligul estuary. The above-ground biomass of this species was analysed. The total content of lipids and their fatty acid composition, the content of carbohydrates, phenolic compounds and their derivatives were studied by generally accepted methods. The acidity titre was determined using a solution of oxalic acid. Main results. 11 compounds of phenolic nature, among which 5 phenoloxides (ferulic, cinnamic, caffeic, gallic and chicoric), 1 coumarin (esculetin) and 5 flavonoids (quercetin, rutin, luteolin-7-glucoside, hyperoside, hesperedin) were identified and quantitatively determined. Ferulic and gallic acid prevail among phenolic acids. Among the flavonoids luteoline-7-glucoside and hesperedin prevailed. Grass S. tragus was quite rich on lipid components. In their composition, 8 fatty acids were found. The content was dominated by unsaturated fatty acids with the domination of linoleic and oleic acids – 27.67 and 19.27 % respectively. The largest content among the investigated biologically active compounds of S. tragus belongs to the total carbohydrates (8.31%). The titre of raw material was 1.8%. Conclusions. On the basis of a comprehensive study of biologically active compounds of grass S. Tragus it is possible to conclude that it can be used as a source of phenolic compounds, in particular flavonoids having a significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antimony activity, and oleic acid, which positively affects the exchange of cholesterol and essential fatty acids (ω-3 and ω-6) for the production of new phytomedications.

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STUDY OF NEPETAE CATARIAE HERBA FRUITS AS PROMISING MEDICINAL PLANT RAW MATERIAL

Pharmacy & Pharmacology ◽

10.19163/2307-9266-2019-7-2-120-128 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 120-128

Author(s):

A. G. Devyatov ◽

G. S. Lapshin ◽

E. Yu. Babaeva ◽

E. A. Motina ◽

E. V. Zvezdina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Lipid Complex ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Plant Raw Material ◽

Active Substances

Nepetae catariae herba is used in the Russian Federation as spice. The chemical compounds of herb have been studied. This plant has been introduced into the culture. There are its domestic varieties. The fruits of the plant accumulate up to 25% of fatty oil and contain specific laballenic acid, which has a wide range of antimicrobial and fungicidal actions. The yield of fruit crops is 5–6 c/ha.The aim is to study some criteria for the standardization of the quality of Nepetae catariae herb as a new medicinal plant raw material.Materials and methods. The studied fruits are from the biological collection of Federal State Budgetary Institution of All – Russia Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Binocular magnifier brand MBS-10 and Axioplan 2 imaging microscope by Carl Zeiss were used. The sample preparation was carried out according to the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (XIV edition). Anatomical diagnostic features were studied in powder and cross section with staining reagents for the presence of some biologically active substances. Qualitative reactions were carried out with water and alcohol-water extracts from the fruits. The content of the lipid complex according to pharmacopoeia monograph 2.5.0035.15 has been determined.Results. A description of the external and diagnostic anatomical features is given. The main groups of biologically active substances and the content of the lipid complex in a possible new material – the fruits of Nepeta cataria – have been identified.Conclusion. The description of the external features of the fruit has been specified. For the first time, crushed fruits have been characterized. It has been established that the morphology of endocarp cells and seed embryo cells are best preserved in a mellow fruit. Physico-optical properties of cellular structures and the ability for basic microchemical reactions are preserved in all zones of pericarp and seeds. Qualitative reactions showed the presence of the following components in the fruits: saponins, flavonoids and a lipid complex. A dispersion composition has been studied. The yield of the lipid complex and its appearance have been determined. Fruits can be used as promising fat-oil raw materials. The results of the study can be used in drafting Pharmacovigilance Reference Document considering a promising type of medicinal plant raw material on the basis of Nepetae catariae herba fruits.

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