scholarly journals Remembering events and representing time

Synthese ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandria Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Temporal Cognition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Episodic memory—memory for personally experienced past events—seems to afford a distinctive kind of cognitive contact with the past. This makes it natural to think that episodic memory is centrally involved in our understanding of what it is for something to be in the past, or to be located in time—that it is either necessary or sufficient for such understanding. If this were the case, it would suggest certain straightforward evidential connections between temporal cognition and episodic memory in nonhuman animals. In this paper, I argue that matters are more complicated than this. Episodic memory is memory for events and not for the times they occupy. As such, it is dissociable from temporal understanding. This is not to say that episodic memory and temporal cognition are unrelated, but that the relationship between them cannot be straightforwardly captured by claims about necessity and sufficiency. This should inform our theoretical predictions about the manifestations of episodic memory in nonhuman behaviour.

Some problems in interpreting Anglo-Saxon coinage

1976 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 173-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dividing Line

This discussion of Anglo-Saxon coinage attempts to look beyond the detail of numismatic classification in order to consider the relationship between the underlying variations and the economic life of the times. Those parts of it which deal with the classification of the coinage and analyse the observed metrology are intended to be a critical summary of the numismatic research carried out in the past thirty years. Other parts, in which I seek to relate the metrology to such documentary evidence as is known to me – and thus trespass across the vague dividing line between numismatics, of which I have some knowledge, and economic history, of which I have little – are aimed at stimulating awareness and discussion of the problems involved. Finally, a section is devoted to numismatic methods because it is important that their use and limitations be generally understood.

Temporal Governance: The Times of Transitional Justice

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Zinaida Miller
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
The Past ◽  
Predominant Form ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This article describes the ways in which transitional justice work has helped constitute a predominant narrative about time in relation to violence, memory, and judgment. It suggests that transitional justice practices, institutions and discourses have coalesced into a form of ‘temporal governance’, which privileges a limited conception of the relationship between time and justice. Temporal governance posits linear progress narratives premised on ruptures between past and present and distinguishes traumatic, proximate pasts available for justice from more distant, irretrievable ones. These features potentially lead not only to less robust versions of the past but to more anaemic visions for the present and future. In the process, transitional justice practices may also marginalise accounts of multiple and plural temporalities. The article also discusses contemporary movements that attempt to defy the predominant form of temporal governance, particularly those focused on both the historic harms and continuing violence of colonialism, settler-colonialism, and slavery. These movements also reveal the difficulties of challenging temporal assumptions about intergenerational and structural harm, benefit, and responsibility. Precisely because the past is so central to contemporary struggles for justice, it is all the more important to scrutinise which past is centred, who defines it, and how it is remembered, judged, recognised, and mourned.

Can Attitudes about Animal Neglect be Differentiated from Attitudes about Animal Abuse?

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bill Henry
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Animal Abuse ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Past ◽  
Factor Analytic ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Animal Neglect ◽  
Practical Implications

AbstractThe past decade has seen an increase in interest relating to the correlates and determinants of attitudes about nonhuman animals, especially attitudes about the use or abuse of animals. However, little research has explicitly addressed individual differences in attitudes about the neglect of animals. The current study employs a factor-analytic approach to explore (a) whether attitudes about animal neglect can be reliably differentiated from attitudes about animal abuse and (b) whether the relationship between attitudes about animal neglect and animal abuse differs as a function of gender. Results indicated that attitudes about abuse and neglect can be reliably differentiated among both men and women. However, the structure of these attitudes appears to differ substantially by sex. This paper discusses theoretical and practical implications of these results.

NONLINEARITIES IN THE DYNAMICS OF THE EURO AREA DEMAND FOR M1

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Calza ◽  
Andrea Zaghini
Keyword(s):  
Error Correction ◽  
Euro Area ◽  
Money Demand ◽  
The United States ◽  
Error Correction Model ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
The Relationship

This paper finds evidence of nonlinearities in the dynamics of the euro area demand for the narrow aggregate M1. A long-run money demand relationship is first estimated over a sample period covering the past three decades. Although the parameters of the relationship are jointly stable, there are indications of nonlinearity in the residuals of the error-correction model. This nonlinearity is explicitly modeled using a fairly general Markov switching error-correction model with satisfactory results. The empirical findings of the paper are consistent with theoretical predictions of nonlinearities in the dynamics of adjustment to equilibrium stemming from “buffer stock” and “target-threshold” models and with analogous empirical evidence for European countries and the United States.

scholarly journals Alexithymia Is Linked with a Negative Bias for Past and Current Events in Healthy Humans

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6696
Author(s):  
Silvia Barchetta ◽  
Gabriella Martino ◽  
Giuseppe Craparo ◽  
Mohammad A. Salehinejad ◽  
Michael A. Nitsche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Negative Bias ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Temporal Cognition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Current Events ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Healthy Participants ◽  
Tas 20

Although research provides a rich literature about the influence of emotional states on temporal cognition, evidence about the influence of the style of emotion processing, as a personality trait, on temporal cognition is extremely limited. We provide a novel contribution to the field by exploring the relationship between difficulties of identifying and describing feelings and emotions (alexithymia) and time perspective. One hundred and forty-two healthy participants completed an online version of the TAS-20 scale, which measures alexithymia, and the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, which monitors individual differences in time-orientation regarding the past, present, and future. The results show greater attention to past negative aspects in participants whose TAS-20 score was indicating borderline or manifest alexithymia, as compared to non-alexithymic individuals. Moreover, the higher the TAS-20 score, the higher the tendency was to focus on negative aspects of the past and interpret the present fatalistically. These results suggest that difficulties in identifying and describing feelings and emotions are associated with a negative bias for past and present events. Theoretical and clinical implications of this finding are discussed.

scholarly journals Genius Loci Balkani: Reception of the Past and the Construction of the Academic Narrative on the Balkan Heritage

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 779
Author(s):  
Vladimir D. Mihajlović
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Social Trends ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Times ◽  
Kingdom Of Yugoslavia ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ideological Context

Postcolonial and postmodern perspectives, entering the humanities over the last decades of the 20th century, have contributed to the awareness that the present European interpretations of the past have been strongly influenced by the social and ideological context of the 19th and 20th centuries. Consciously or otherwise, the pioneers of research into the Classical antiquities have perceived the object of their research through their own perception of the relations in the world that surrounded them, thus inscribing their contemporaneous values onto the past and using thus conceived past in understanding, explaining and justifying the modern social/cultural phenomena. This contribution poses the question to which extent the social trends in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia have inspired and enabled the creation of an academic narrative about the uniqueness of the Balkan lands, based upon the continuity with the "ancient humanism", and social/cultural values, (allegedly) defined at the times of Ancient Greece and Hellenism. The relationship is considered between the modern trends and the formation of academic issues in the case of social and political circumstances that coincided with the creation of the discourse of the "Balkan spirit". The narrative is considered from the times of its formation up to the present, as well as the reasons for its wide popularity both in the academic community and the general public.

Poor Acceptance of the Past is Related to Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults

GeroPsych ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-251
Author(s):  
Gozde Cetinkol ◽  
Gulbahar Bastug ◽  
E. Tugba Ozel Kizil
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Ego Integrity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Depressed Group ◽  
Total Death ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Depression in older adults can be explained by Erikson’s theory on the conflict of ego integrity versus hopelessness. The study investigated the relationship between past acceptance, hopelessness, death anxiety, and depressive symptoms in 100 older (≥50 years) adults. The total Beck Hopelessness (BHS), Geriatric Depression (GDS), and Accepting the Past (ACPAST) subscale scores of the depressed group were higher, while the total Death Anxiety (DAS) and Reminiscing the Past (REM) subscale scores of both groups were similar. A regression analysis revealed that the BHS, DAS, and ACPAST predicted the GDS. Past acceptance seems to be important for ego integrity in older adults.

RELASI ISLAM DAN NASIONALISME DALAM SEJARAH BANGSA INDONESIA

ALQALAM ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Suhaimi Suhaimi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Nationalism ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
New Order ◽  
Japanese Colonial ◽  
Muslim Intellectuals ◽  
Colonization Period ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Governance Reforms

In line with the times demand, nationlism changes as a dynamic of dialectics proceeds with changes in social, political, and ekonomic in the country and global levels. Based on a review of historical chronology, this paper analyzed descriptively the relationship between Islam and nationalism in Indonesia. Since the early growth of nationalism and the Dutch colonization period in Indonesia, Islam became the spirit of sacrifice of lives and property of the Indonesian people's fighting to get independence and on the Japanese colonial period and the early days of independence, Islam through the muslim leaders founction as base of departure and developer awareness of nasionalism, patriotism and unity to defend the independence. Despite the authoritarian New Order ruler cope with Islam through the establishment of the Association of Indonesian Muslim Intellectuals (ICMI), but awareness of national Muslim leaders to build Indonesia managed to push governance reforms. And in this era of reform, the spirit of nationalism and the spirit of sacrifice of the Indonesian leaders increasingly eroded by corruption. Key words: proto-nationalism, political nationalism, cultural nationalism.

A literature review on firms' internationalisation through e-commerce

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-143
Author(s):  
Riccardo Resciniti ◽  
Federica De Vanna
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
International Business ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
New Markets ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship

The rise of e-commerce has brought considerable changes to the relationship between firms and consumers, especially within international business. Hence, understanding the use of such means for entering foreign markets has become critical for companies. However, the research on this issue is new and so it is important to evaluate what has been studied in the past. In this study, we conduct a systematic review of e-commerce and internationalisation studies to explicate how firms use e-commerce to enter new markets and to export. The studies are classified by theories and methods used in the literature. Moreover, we draw upon the internationalisation decision process (antecedents-modalities-consequences) to propose an integrative framework for understanding the role of e-commerce in internationalisation

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