scholarly journals Complement system component dysregulation is a distinctive feature of COVID-19 disease: a prospective and comparative analysis of patients admitted to the emergency department for suspected COVID-19 disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Gauchel ◽  
Marina Rieder ◽  
Krystin Krauel ◽  
Isabella Goller ◽  
Maren Jeserich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Complement System ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
System Component ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Classical Pathway ◽  
Prospective Data ◽  
Total Complement ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

AbstractThe complement system (CS) plays a pivotal role in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathophysiology. The objective of this study was to provide a comparative, prospective data analysis of CS components in an all-comers cohort and COVID-19 patients. Patients with suspected COVID-19 infection admitted to the Emergency department were grouped for definite diagnosis of COVID-19 and no COVID-19 accordingly. Clinical presentation, routine laboratory and von Willebrand factor (vWF) antigen as well as CS components 3, 4 and activated 5 (C5a) were assessed. Also, total complement activity via the classical pathway (CH50) was determined. Levels of calprotectin in serum were measured using an automated quantitative lateral flow assay. We included 80 patients in this prospective trial. Of those 19 (23.7%) were tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Patients with COVID-19 had higher levels of CS components 5a and 4 (54.79 [24.14–88.79] ng/ml vs. 35 [23.15–46.1] ng/ml; p = 0.0433 and 0.3772 [± 0.1056] g/L vs. 0.286 [0.2375–0.3748] g/L; p = 0.0168). COVID-19 patients had significantly higher levels of vWF antigen when compared to the control group (288.3 [± 80.26] % vs. 212 [151–320] %; p = 0.0469). There was a significant correlation between CS C3 and 5a with vWF antigen (rs = 0.5957 [p = 0.0131] and rs = 0.5015 [p = 0.042]) in COVID-19 patients. There was no difference in calprotectin plasma levels (4.786 [± 2.397] µg/ml vs. 4.233 [± 2.142] µg/ml; p = 0.4175) between both groups. This prospective data from a single centre all-comers cohort accentuates altered levels of CS components as a distinct feature of COVID-19 disease. Deregulation of CS component 3 and C5a are associated with increased vWF antigen possibly linking vascular damage to alternative CS activation in COVID-19.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of prothrombotic activity in patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive and obstructive atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
VV Ryabov ◽  
D Vorobyeva ◽  
YUG Lugacheva ◽  
IV Kulagina
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Blood Tests ◽  
Group A ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number №19-315-90106 Aim To compare indicators of blood prothrombotic activity in patients with myocardial infarction with and without coronary arteries obstruction Material and methods. The study included 40 patients with AMI (19 patients in the main group and 21 patients in the control group). Three patients (15.7%) with acute myocarditis were excluded from the analysis. Hemostasiological and hematological blood tests were studied upon admission, on the 2nd, 4th, 7th days from hospitalization. Blood samples for protein C, antithrombin, von Willebrand factor (WF), plasminogen, homocysteine were performed on 4th ± 1 day from hospitalization. To determine the IgG / IgM antibodies to cardiolipin and β2-glycoprotein for the diagnosis of APS, the ORGENTEC Anti-β2-Glycoprotein I IgG / IgM ELISA enzyme immunoassay was used. Blood tests for lupus anticoagulant were performed using an ACL-Top 700 analyzer (Werfen) with HemosIL SynthASil dRVVT screen reagents / dRVVT confirm  and with a SCT screen / SCT confirm quartz activator. Results In patients with MINOCA a statistically higher level of homocysteine (p = 0.03) and a lower level of plasminogen (p = 0.007) are determined. Protein C, antithrombin, WF the presence of lupus anticoagulant, antibodies to cardiolipin and β2-glycoprotein no differences between the groups were detected, p >0.05. MINOCA patients have a statistically higher platelet level on the 2nd and 4th day of AMI (p = 0.046 and p = 0.01 ) however the level of hemoglobin and hematocrit was statistically lower on the 4th day of AMI, (p = 0.008). In the main group, a moderate correlation was found between protein C and antithrombin (r = 0.65, p = 0.0001), antithrombin and von Willebrand factor (r = 0.54, p = 0.0001), between protein C and platelet level by 4th day (r = - 0.49, p = 0.04). In MINOCA patients a moderate negative correlation was found between homocysteine and plasminogen (r = -0.69, p = 0.002). In the control group, a high correlation was found between protein C and antithrombin (r = 0.96, p = 0.0001), a moderate correlation between protein C and plasminogen (r = 0.47, p = 0.03). In addition, a relationship was revealed between the presence of thrombosis according to ICAG data and the level of ejection fraction (r = 0.46, p = 0.04) in the control group, as well as between the presence of thrombosis and the level of fibrinogen upon admission (r = 0.55, p = 0.008). Conclusions Patients with MINOCA have a higher level of homocysteine and a lower level of plasminogen. For such indicators as protein C, antithrombin III, WF the presence of antibodies on the APS is not defined differences between groups. According to laboratory data patients with MINOCA showed higher levels of platelets but lower levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit in the early post-infarction period.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP OF THE STATE OF BIOMEMBRANES WITH INDICATORS OF ENDOTHELIUM DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

2020 ◽  
pp. 528-534
Author(s):  
A. M. SABUROVA ◽  
◽  
KH.R. NASYRDZHANOVA ◽  
KH.YO. SHARIPOVA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Sorption Ability ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

Objective: Examination the relationship between the state of biomembranes and indicators of endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: 40 patients with COPD at the age of 27-64 years were treated at the City Health Center № 2 named after academician K.T. Tadzhiev. There were 21 men (52.5%), and 19 women (47.5%). The control group is represented by 30 healthy persons, comparable by sex and age. The content of inflammatory markers of vascular endothelium – CRP, fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor (VWF) – was studied. The functional state of erythrocyte membranes was studied by determining of permeability of erythrocyte membranes (PEM) and sorption ability of erythrocytes (SAE). Results: Study of endothelial dysfunction in patients with COPD showed an increase in fibrinogen content by 71.15% (2.6±0.08 and 4.45±0.16 g/L), VWF by 35.4% (95.7±2.3 and 129.6±2.3%) and an increase in serum CRP by 15 times (2.09±0.1 and 32.2±0.1 mg/L). There was a change in PEM and an increase in SAE by 27.8% (39.5±0.5 and 50.5±0.6%, respectively) compared with the control group, that reflects damage of erythrocytes and is considered as a factor of endogenous intoxication. A significant direct relationship was established between SAE and indicators of vascular dysfunction: with VWF (r=0.34; p<0.05) and fibrinogen (r=0.47; p<0.05). Conclusions: The development and progression of COPD are accompanied by dysfunction of the vascular endothelium, the criteria for which are an increase in the level of CRP, fibrinogen and VWF. On the background of COPD, erythrocytes are involved in the pathological process, which is confirmed by an increase in PEM and SAE and with a significant relationship between SAE and endothelial dysfunction. Laboratory manifestations of endothelial dysfunction accompanied by functional impairment of biomembranes (increased PEM and increased SAE), can be considered as a factor of the poor prognosis of COPD. Keywords: COPD , biomembrane, endothelial dysfunction, CRP, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, permeability of erythrocyte membranes, sorption ability of erythrocytes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of von Willebrand factor in COPD patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Prudente Bártholo ◽  
Cláudia Henrique da Costa ◽  
Rogério Rufino
Keyword(s):  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Medical Research Council ◽  
Control Group ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
And Control ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Selection Phase

OBJECTIVE: To compare the absolute serum von Willebrand factor (vWF) levels and relative serum vWF activity in patients with clinically stable COPD, smokers without airway obstruction, and healthy never-smokers. METHODS: The study included 57 subjects, in three groups: COPD (n = 36); smoker (n = 12); and control (n = 9). During the selection phase, all participants underwent chest X-rays, spirometry, and blood testing. Absolute serum vWF levels and relative serum vWF activity were obtained by turbidimetry and ELISA, respectively. The modified Medical Research Council scale (cut-off score = 2) was used in order to classify COPD patients as symptomatic or mildly symptomatic/asymptomatic. RESULTS: Absolute vWF levels were significantly lower in the control group than in the smoker and COPD groups: 989 ± 436 pg/mL vs. 2,220 ± 746 pg/mL (p < 0.001) and 1,865 ± 592 pg/mL (p < 0.01). Relative serum vWF activity was significantly higher in the COPD group than in the smoker group (136.7 ± 46.0% vs. 92.8 ± 34.0%; p < 0.05), as well as being significantly higher in the symptomatic COPD subgroup than in the mildly symptomatic/asymptomatic COPD subgroup (154 ± 48% vs. 119 ± 8%; p < 0.05). In all three groups, there was a negative correlation between FEV1 (% of predicted) and relative serum vWF activity (r2 = −0.13; p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that increases in vWF levels and activity contribute to the persistence of systemic inflammation, as well as increasing cardiovascular risk, in COPD patients.

scholarly journals Intracardiac Hemostasis and Fibrinolysis Parameters in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noémi Klára Tóth ◽  
Zoltán Csanádi ◽  
Orsolya Hajas ◽  
Alexandra Kiss ◽  
Edina Nagy-Baló ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thrombotic Risk ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
And Control ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Pai 1 ◽  
D Dimer

Aims. To identify intracardiac hemostasis or fibrinolysis abnormalities, which are associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) and increase the risk of thromboembolism.Patients and Methods. Patient group consisted of 24 patients with AF and control group included 14 individuals with other supraventricular tachycardia undergoing transcatheter radiofrequency ablation. Blood samples were drawn from the femoral vein (FV), left atrium (LA), and left atrial appendage (LAA) before the ablation procedure. Fibrinogen, factor VIII (FVIII) and factor XIII activity, von Willebrand factor (VWF) antigen, thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) complex, quantitative fibrin monomer (FM), plasminogen,α2-plasmin inhibitor, plasmin-α2-antiplasmin (PAP) complex, PAI-1 activity, and D-dimer were measured from all samples.Results. Levels of FVIII and VWF were significantly elevated in the FV and LA of AF patients as compared to controls. TAT complex, FM, PAP complex, and D-dimer levels were significantly elevated in the LA as compared to FV samples in case of both groups, indicating a temporary thrombotic risk associated with the catheterization procedure.Conclusions. None of the investigated hemostasis or fibrinolysis parameters showed significant intracardiac alterations in AF patients as compared to non-AF controls. AF patients have elevated FVIII and VWF levels, most likely due to endothelial damage, presenting at both intracardiac and systemic level.

The Role Of High Von Willebrand Factor and Low ADAMTS13 Levels In The Risk Of Venous Thromboembolism

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 1128-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Pereira Gouvea ◽  
Sandra Satiko Matsuda ◽  
Rodrigo Vaez ◽  
Patrícia Nunes Bezerra Pinheiro ◽  
Maria Aparecida Eiko Noguti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Reference Category ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

Abstract Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common multicausal disease in the general population. von Willebrand factor (VWF) has been associated with VTE in epidemiological studies and recently VWF-mediated platelet adhesion has been shown to be critical for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in mouse models. The large VWF multimers are cleaved by ADAMTS13 into smaller, less active multimers. Because of the key role of ADAMTS13, VWF and factor VIII (FVIII) in hemostasis and their close biological relationship, we aimed at investigating in the same population the effect of these proteins on VTE risk. Materials and Methods We included consecutive patients admitted to our anticoagulation clinic with a first objectively confirmed VTE event between January 2007 and July 2011. The study included only patients with DVT of the lower limbs and/or pulmonary embolism aged between 18-70 years, and without medical history of overt malignancy, arterial thrombosis, liver cirrhosis, renal failure on hemodialysis, connective tissue disease and other conditions characterized by chronic inflammation. Blood was collected at least 1 month after stopping anticoagulation and ≥ 6 months after VTE. Controls were recruited from friends or partners of patients, had no personal history of VTE and were matched to patients by gender and age. The other exclusion criteria for controls were the same as for patients, and in both groups pregnant or postpartum women at blood collection were excluded. ADAMTS13 and VWF antigens were determined by commercial ELISA and FVIII activity was measured using FVIII deficient plasma. High VWF (>150%) and FVIII (>150%) were defined by plasma levels of these proteins exceeding the 88th and 94th percentiles of the control group, respectively. To define low ADAMTS13 levels we used the 10th percentile of the controls (≤0.64 μg/ml). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were presented adjusted for gender and age and medians with interquartile variation (25th-75th percentiles). Results 358 patients with a first objectively confirmed VTE event were admitted to our clinic, of whom 282 did not participate in the study due to the exclusion criteria (n= 249) and loss of follow-up or refusal (n= 33). Therefore, we included 76 patients (53 women, 70%) with a median age of 43 years (33-55 years) and 96 controls (66 women, 69%), with a median age of 42 years (31-52 years). In controls, there was a negative albeit weak correlation between ADAMTS13 levels and VWF (rs= -0.213 by Spearman coefficient, p= 0.037) and FVIII (rs= -0.251, p= 0.014). As expected, VTE was associated with high levels of VWF (OR 2.80, 95% CI 1.20-6.54) and FVIII (OR 3.02, 95% CI 1.08-8.43). Low ADAMTS13 levels were detected in 12 patients and 9 controls (OR 1.76, 95% CI 0.70-4.46). The population was dichotomized according to the 88th percentile of VWF of the controls. Median ADAMTS13 was lower in the group with VWF >p88 compared to the group with VWF ≤p88 in controls (0.80μg/ml, 0.63-0.94μg/ml vs. 0.98μg/ml, 0.81-1.23μg/ml, p= 0.051) and in patients (0.75μg/ml, 0.53-0.95μg/ml vs. 0.95μg/ml, 0.81-1.14μg/ml, p= 0.001). Next the population was categorized into subjects with VWF ≤p88 and ADAMTS13 >p10 (reference category: 52 patients, 79 controls), VWF ≤p88 and ADAMTS13 ≤p10 (4 patients, 6 controls), VWF >p88 and ADAMTS13 >p10 (12 patients, 8 controls) and VWF >p88 and ADAMTS13 ≤p10 (8 patients, 3 controls). The combination of high VWF and low ADAMTS13 increased VTE risk when compared to the reference category (OR 4.14; 95% CI 1.03-16.71). The risk did not substantially change with adjustment for acute phase proteins and ABO group, and it was attenuated when further adjusted for high FVIII (OR 3.41, 95% CI 0.80-14.70). No correlation was found between the time since the VTE event and levels of VWF, FVIII and ADAMTS13 (p>0.05). Conclusions our data suggest a potential effect of high VWF and low ADAMTS13 on VTE risk. An unbalance between these two interconnected proteins might have a role in the pathophysiology of VTE. Results should be interpreted with caution due to the wide 95% CI and to the attenuation of VTE risk with further adjustment for FVIII. In order to better explain our results studies with larger sample size are warranted. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Inhibition of von Willebrand factor–platelet glycoprotein Ib interaction prevents and reverses symptoms of acute acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in baboons

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (17) ◽  
pp. 3611-3614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik B. Feys ◽  
Jan Roodt ◽  
Nele Vandeputte ◽  
Inge Pareyn ◽  
Harald Mottl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Platelet Glycoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Platelet Aggregates ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

Abstract The pathophysiology of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) can be explained by the absence of active ADAMTS13, leading to ultra-large von Willebrand factor (UL-VWF) multimers spontaneously interacting with platelets. Preventing the formation of UL-VWF–platelet aggregates therefore is an attractive new treatment strategy. Here, we demonstrate that simultaneous administration of the inhibitory anti-VWF monoclonal antibody GBR600 and the inhibitory anti-ADAMTS13 antibody 3H9 to baboons (prevention group) precluded TTP onset as severe thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia were absent in these animals. In addition, partial VWF inhibition was not enough to prevent thrombocytopenia, demonstrating the specificity of this therapeutic strategy. GBR600 treatment of baboons during acute TTP (treatment group) resulted in a rapid recovery of severe thrombocytopenia similar to the platelet count increases observed in TTP patients treated by plasma exchange. Baboons in the control group only injected with 3H9 developed early stages of TTP as previously described. Hence, inhibiting VWF-GPIb interactions is an effective way to prevent and treat the early symptoms of acquired TTP in baboons.

scholarly journals Plasma biomarkers associated with survival and thrombosis in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cabrera-Garcia ◽  
Andrea Miltiades ◽  
Peter D. Yim ◽  
Samantha M. Parsons ◽  
Katerina Elisman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interleukin 33 ◽  
Reduce Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Predictive Role ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Time Of Admission ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Pai 1

Severe coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has been associated with fibrin-mediated hypercoagulability and thromboembolic complications. To evaluate potential biomarkers of coagulopathy and disease severity in COVID-19, we measured plasma levels of eight biomarkers potentially associated with coagulation, fibrinolysis, and platelet function in 43 controls and 63 COVID-19 patients, including 47 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and 16 non-ICU patients. COVID-19 patients showed significantly elevated levels of fibrinogen, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), and its inhibitor plasminogen activation inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), as well as ST2 (the receptor for interleukin 33) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) compared to the control group. We found that higher levels of t-PA, ST2, and vWF at the time of admission were associated with lower survival rates, and that thrombotic events were more frequent in patients with initial higher levels of vWF. These results support a predictive role of specific biomarkers such as t-PA and vWF in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. The data provide support for the case that hypercoagulability in COVID-19 is fibrin-mediated, but also highlights the important role that vWF may play in the genesis of thromboses in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. Interventions designed to enhance fibrinolysis and reduce platelet aggregation might prove to be useful adjuncts in the treatment of coagulopathy in a subset of COVID-19 patients.

Platelet function in cats with hyperthyroidism

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1214-1218
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C Hiebert ◽  
David L Panciera ◽  
Katie M Boes ◽  
Lara Bartl
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Closure Time ◽  
Function Analyzer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Platelet Function Analyzer ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

Objectives Cats with hyperthyroidism have been reported to develop thromboembolism, with and without echocardiographic abnormalities consistent with hyperthyroidism. The objective of this study was to compare platelet function in cats with hyperthyroidism with euthyroid age-matched cats. We hypothesized that cats with hyperthyroidism have shortened collagen and adenosine diphosphate (C-ADP) closure times as measured with the platelet function analyzer (PFA-100) in comparison with healthy, age-matched controls. Methods Sixteen hyperthyroid and nine euthyroid healthy cats >7 years of age were recruited from the hospital population. Platelet function, measured using the C-ADP closure times by the PFA-100, and platelet count were measured in healthy euthyroid cats and cats with hyperthyroidism. Results Mean ± SD closure times were not significantly different between control (66.3 ± 9.6 s) and hyperthyroid cats (65.9 ± 11.5 s; P = 0.75). The mean ± SD closure times of hyperthyroid cats that either were untreated or received methimazole for ⩽3 weeks (n = 6; mean 68.5 ± 15.4 s) was not different than that of cats treated for >3 weeks (n = 10; mean 64.3 ± 8.9 s; P = 0.57). The mean automated platelet count was higher in the hyperthyroid group than in the control group ( P = 0.023). Conclusions and relevance Platelet function, as measured by closure time under high shear conditions using C-ADP as an agonist, was not affected by hyperthyroidism in this group of cats. Further research is needed to determine if a hypercoagulable state exists in hyperthyroid cats and the potential roles platelets and von Willebrand factor may have.

scholarly journals Elevated Plasma von Willebrand Factor Antigen and Activity Levels Are Associated With the Severity of Coronary Stenosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 107602961990055
Author(s):  
Bin Yan ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Weipeng Du ◽  
Suping Zhai ◽  
Chaoyang Gou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Coronary Stenosis ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Gensini Score ◽  
Subendothelial Matrix ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

von Willebrand factor (VWF) acts as a bridge between platelets and the subendothelial matrix following vessel damage and plays a vital role in coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between VWF and the severity of coronary stenosis quantified by the Gensini score in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the most dangerous complication of CAD. Plasma VWF antigen (VWF: Ag) and VWF-collagen binding (VWF: CB) in normal controls (n = 123) and in patients with AMI (n = 205) were tested, and then the patients were divided based on Gensini scores. The levels of VWF: Ag and VWF: CB in patients with AMI were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P < .001). Plasma levels of VWF: Ag and VWF: CB were positively correlated with both Gensini score and the number of affected vessels. Both VWF: Ag and VWF: CB were independent factors for coronary stenosis, adjusting confounding factors. Thus, the levels of VWF: Ag and VWF: CB were positively correlated with the severity of coronary stenosis. Screening of VWF at time of AMI may have prognostic value in terms of the severity of coronary stenosis.

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