Replacement of mineral fertilizers with anaerobically digested pig slurry in paddy fields: assessment of plant growth and grain quality

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 8916-8923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Zhang ◽  
Minyan Wang ◽  
Yucheng Cao ◽  
Peng Liang ◽  
Shengchun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Pig Slurry

scholarly journals The roles of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in sustainable vegetable production in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Habtamu Mekonnen ◽  
Mulugeta Kibret
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Vegetable Cultivation

AbstractVegetable production is an important economic activity and a major source of vitamins, minerals, and income in Ethiopia. However, the production of vegetables is much less developed than the production of food grains in the country. Vegetable production still needs improvement in combating biotic and abiotic threats with innovative technologies. Nowadays, excess use of chemical fertilizers to satisfy the increasing demand for food exerts deadly effects on soil microorganisms and contribute to the deterioration of soil fertility and an increase in atmospheric pollution. Several types of research are still going on to understand the diversity and importance of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and their role in the betterment of vegetable production. PGPR facilitate plant growth directly by either assisting in the acquisition of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and other essential nutrients) or regulation of the levels of hormones. Indirectly PGPR decrease the inhibitory effects of various pathogens on vegetable growth and development in the forms of biocontrol agents. Some of the notable PGPR capable of facilitating the growth of vegetables such as potato, tomato, pepper, onion belong to genera of Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Azotobacter, Enterobacter, and Azospirillum. Hence, to optimize vegetable production with reduced input of mineral fertilizers and pesticides, the use of PGPR in vegetable cultivation is recommended.

scholarly journals The effect of mineral fertilizers and farmyard manure on winter wheat grain yield and grain quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 491-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holík Ladislav ◽  
Hlisnikovský Lukáš ◽  
Kunzová Eva
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Quality Properties

This study evaluated how organic manures and mineral fertilizers affect winter wheat grain and straw yields and grain quality properties. The analysed period of the long-term fertilizer experiment was established in Čáslav, Czech Republic, in 1955 and covers the seasons 2011–2014. The fertilizer treatments were: control; farmyard manure (FYM); FYM + P; FYM + K; FYM + PK; FYM + N<sub>1</sub>; FYM + N<sub>2</sub>; FYM + N<sub>1</sub>PK; FYM + N<sub>2</sub>PK and FYM + N<sub>3</sub>PK. The highest grain yields were recorded in the FYM + P and FYM + N<sub>3</sub>PK treatments (8.9 t/ha). The highest straw yields were recorded in the FYM + N<sub>3</sub>PK treatment (6.52 t/ha). The lowest yields were provided in the unfertilized control and FYM treatments. Qualitative parameters were evaluated in the control, FYM and FYM + N<sub>3</sub>PK treatments between the years 2011 and 2013. The best quality of wheat grain was provided by the FYM + N<sub>3</sub>PK treatment. Combination of the farmyard manure with NPK is the best way to achieve high grain yields with good quality and leads to sustainable food production.

Red Rice (Oryza sativa) Control and Suppression in Rice (O. sativa)

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 811-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam L. Kwon ◽  
Roy J. Smith ◽  
Ronald E. Talbert
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Sequential Treatments ◽  
High Yields

Two field experiments were conducted from 1986 to 1988 to determine efficacy of herbidices and plant growth regulators for red rice control and suppression in water- and drill-seeded rice. Molinate applied PPI with fenoxaprop applied at panicle initiation (PI) of rice controlled 94 and 86% of red rice in water- and drill-seeded rice, respectively, compared with 79 and 49%, respectively, for molinate PPI alone in the two cultures. Although this treatment injured rice slightly (< 30%), rice so treated produced high yields with improved grain quality. Sequential treatments of molinate PPI followed by sethoxydim applied at PI or amidochlor applied at > 90% heading produced comparable rice yields with improved red rice control or suppression and grain quality in both cultures, compared with PPI molinate. Drill-seeded rice treated with molinate PPI followed by fenoxaprop applied at late boot or MH (maleic hydazide) applied 7 d after heading produced higher yield than rice treated with molinate PPI.

scholarly journals Utilization of microbial inoculation and compost for revitalization of soils

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 126-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Mikanová ◽  
S. Usťak ◽  
A. Czakó
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Microbial Inoculation ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Rhizobium Spp ◽  
Set Up

Improving the quality of reclaimed soils requires an active population of microorganisms which can promote plant growth. Increasing the activity of microorganisms can be done by adding nutrients, making agrotechnical soil improvements and by the inoculation of beneficial microorganisms. We investigated the role of fertilizer treatments on plant growth and nitrogen fixation in a pot experiment conducted under green house conditions. Influence of the fertilizer type on numbers of bacteria was also investigated. The seeds were inoculated with the mixture of Azotobacter spp. and Rhizobium spp. The pot experiment was set up with the substrate from the mine spoil (North Bohemia coal basin, the Czech Republic) using Medicago sativa as test plants. The following treatments were used: compost 0, 20, 40, 120, 400, 800 t/ha and mineral fertilizer &ndash; ammonium sulphate. The doses of ammonium sulphate were calculated to be equivalent (in nitrogen content) to those doses of compost. Control variants without bacteria inoculation and fertilizers were also included. Inoculation with the mixture of AzotobacterRhizobium spp. significantly increased plant growth and nitrogenase activity. The nitrogenase activity was inhibited by mineral fertilizers in all doses used. The results of the study have proved that compost application stimulated the growth of Azotobacter spp. and Rhizobium spp.

scholarly journals Cuttings of Lippia alba with emphasis on time for seedling formation, substrates and plant growth regulators

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina B Lima ◽  
Ana C Boaventura ◽  
Marli M Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Lippia Alba ◽  
Statistical Designs ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Relationship

We aimed to establish the period of time required for seedlings formation, as well as to evaluate the effect of substrates and plant growth regulators in cuttings of L. alba. Three experiments were performed, with statistical designs chosen according to each test objectives. Rooting (%), shoot height (cm), longest root length (cm), leaves number, fresh and dry matter masses (g), were analyzed. The absolute rate of shoot and root system growth, together with the relationship between dry mass of roots and shoots were efficient in predicting the period of greatest speed and accumulation of organic matter in plants. The plant growth regulators favored the vegetative performance of seedlings, with better development 30 days after the cuttings containing mineral fertilizers, vermicompost, clay soil and sand commercially known as 'medium sand'.

scholarly journals Detection of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Roots of Strawberry Plants Fertilized with Organic Bioproducts

2012 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Lisek ◽  
Lidia Sas Paszt ◽  
Beata Sumorok
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
The Impact

Summary In organic farming, mineral fertilizers are replaced by various preparations to stimulate plant growth and development. Introduction of new biopreparations into horticultural production requires an assessment of their effects on the growth and yielding of plants. Among the important indicators of the impact on plants of beneficial microorganisms contained in bioproducts is determination of their effectiveness in stimulating the growth and yielding of plants. Moreover, confirmation of the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the roots and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in the rhizosphere is also necessary. In addition to conventional methods, molecular biology techniques are increasingly used to allow detection and identification of AM fungi in plant roots. The aim of this study was identification and initial taxonomic classification of AM fungi in the roots of ‘Elkat’ strawberry plants fertilized with various biopreparations using the technique of nested PCR. Tests were performed on DNA obtained from the roots of ‘Elkat’ strawberry plants: not fertilized, treated with 10 different biopreparations, or fertilized with NPK. Amplification of the large subunit of ribosomal gene (LSU rDNA) was carried out using universal primers, and then, in the nested PCR reaction, primers specific for the fungi of the genera Glomus, Acaulospora, and Scutellospora were used. Colonization of strawberry roots by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was determined on the basis of the presence of DNA fragments of a size corresponding to the types of the fungi tested for. As a result of the analyses, the most reaction products characterizing AM fungi were found in the roots of plants treated with the preparation Florovit Eko. The least fragments characteristic of AM fungi were detected in the roots of plants fertilized with NPK, which confirms the negative impact of mineral fertilizers on the occurrence of mycorrhizal fungi in the roots of strawberry plants. The roots of plants fertilized with Tytanit differed from the control plants by the presence of one of the clusters of fungi of the genus Glomus and by the absence of a cluster of fungi of the genus Scutellospora. In the roots of plants treated with other biopreparations there were reaction products indicating the presence of fungi of the genera Glomus, Scutellospora and Acaulospora, like in the roots of the control plants. The results will be used to assess the suitability of microbiologically enriched biopreparations in horticultural production.

SPRING BARLEY - MAIN FEED CROP OF THE REPUBLIC OF MARI EL

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Золоторева ◽  
Rimma Zolotoreva ◽  
Виноградов ◽  
Georgiy Vinogradov ◽  
Максимов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Feed Crop

The article discusses the influence of mineral fertilizers on formation of productivity and grain quality of different spring barley types in the soil and climatic conditions of the Republic of Mari El. Research has established, that the application of mineral fertilizers for spring barley in doses of N60P60K60 and N90P60K60 increases the crude protein content in the grain and increase harvesting of feed units per unit of cultivated area.

scholarly journals Formation of corn grain quality in different directions of use depending on the technology of growing in the Forest-steppe

1970 ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
V. F. Kaminskyi ◽  
N. M. Asanishvili
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products ◽  
Corn Grain

Purpose. The aim of the research conducted during 2016-2019 was to determine the impact of technological methods on the indicators of corn grain quality to optimize the elements of growing technology depending on the directions of use in conditions of the Forest-Steppe natural zone of Ukraine. Methods – field, quantitative and weight, chemical, comparative and calculation, mathematical and statistical. Results. On the results of the research, dependences of formation of quality of grain on the content of protein, starch, fat in it and correlation dependencies between these indicators and yield of corn have been revealed. The best quality of grain of a forage and food direction is formed when applying high doses of mineral fertilizers, and for processing on bioethanol the optimal content of starch and protein is guaranteed at optimum and raised level of fertilizing. It was established that the content of protein, starch and fat had less effect on their yield from 1 hectare than the general yield level. The technologies of cultivation of different intensity as to their possible application for the production of grain of different directions of use with the given quality parameters, the yield of protein, starch, fat and bioethanol have been evaluated. Conclusions. The technology of corn growing with complex application of intensification elements in conditions of the Forest-Steppe zone, which includes introduction of N240P120K240 on the background of by-products of its predecessor, application of the soil and insurance herbicide, plant growth and micro-fertilizers is suitable for fodder and food purposes and ensured the yield of 12.1 t/ha of grain with protein content and yield – 10.56% and 1.28 t/ha, fat – 4.29% and 0.52 t/ha, starch – 71.27% and 8.62 t/ha. For processing on bioethanol effective is the technology of corn growing with the introduction of N180P120K180, by-products of the predecessor, soil herbicide and bio-stimulants, which provided a yield of 9.76 t/ha of grain with a starch content of 72.26% for the yield of 7.05 t/ha and yield of bioethanol at the level of 3982 l/ha.

scholarly journals Reserves for the Increase of Yield and Quality of Winter Wheat Grain and Their Dependence on the Heterogeneity of Crops in the Conditions of the Steppe Zone of the Orenburg Urals, Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Gulyanov ◽  
A. A. Chibilyov ◽  
A. A. Chibilyov Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Yield And Quality

Aim. Verification of scientific concepts regarding the spatial heterogeneity of field agrocenoses. Identification of the variability of phytometric and structural crop ndicators and determination of the degree of their influence on the yield and quality of winter wheat grain in the steppe zone of the Orenburg Urals.Material and Methods. Establishment of field experiments, related observations and counts in accordance with the methodology of state variety crops testing and B.A.Dospekhov's guidelin. Monitoring of winter wheat crops was carried by measuring the vegetation index (NDVI) with a Green Seeker Handheld Crop Sensor, Model HCS‐100 (Trimble, USA). Determination of grain quality indicators was conducted according to GOST 9353‐2016 Wheat – Technical Conditions. Microsoft Office Excel was employed for the correlation and regression analysis of experimental data. Results. Analysis of the intra‐field heterogeneity of winter wheat agrocenoses in terms of yield and grain quality was conducted. The dependences of yield and grain quality on the principal crop phytometric and structural parameters were defined and expressed in the form of regression equations.Сonclusion. The results of the studies attest to the growth of reserves of grain yield to 3.0 t/ha and grain quality to class I‐II class in zonal climatic conditions of optimization of environmental factors to the level of the best basic plots by levelling out field soil heterogeneity. This is possible by restoring the fertility of anthropogenically‐degraded soil through the introduction of landscape‐adaptive and resource saving farming systems, soil protective and soil restorative crop rotation, differentiated application of organic and mineral fertilizers and selection of the most adaptive varieties. We also advise the introduction of intelligent ‘digital technologies’ aimed at fuller implementation of the genetic potential of cultivated varieties with careful consideration of natural resources and the preservation of biological diversity.

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