scholarly journals Milling and thermal treatment induced changes on phenolic components and antioxidant activities of pigmented rice flours

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrakumar Sapna ◽  
Moirangthem Kamaljit ◽  
Ramakrishna Priya ◽  
Padmanabhan Appukuttan Jayadeep
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Pigmented Rice ◽  
Phenolic Components ◽  
Rice Flours ◽  
Induced Changes

scholarly journals Comparison of hot water and methanol extraction combined with ultrasonic pretreatment on antioxidant properties of two pigmented rice cultivars

Food Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-556
Author(s):  
U. Tobgay ◽  
P. Boonyanuphong ◽  
P. Meunprasertdee
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Method ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Ultrasonic Pretreatment ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Pigmented Rice ◽  
Methanol Extraction ◽  
Glutinous Rice

Pigmented rice is considered as the good source of phytochemicals which contains more phenolic contents and higher antioxidant activities compared with non-pigmented rice. However, those phytochemicals are normally extracted using inorganic solvent, using water was rarely found. This study was aimed to compare extraction methods on antioxidant contents and activities of two types of Thai pigmented rice (black glutinous rice and red non-glutinous rice). Pigmented rice was extracted either conventional method alone or a combination of ultrasonic plus conventional method with different solvents (methanol and hot water). Phenolic contents were analyzed by spectrophotometric assay and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Antioxidant activities were investigated by radical scavenging capacity (ABTS and DPPH). The results showed that ultrasonic pretreatment significantly enhanced the total phenolic, flavonoid, anthocyanin contents and higher antioxidant activities compared with conventional extraction irrespective of solvents and rice varieties. Ultrasonic methanol (UM) extraction proved to extract significant higher content of all the compounds analyzed in both the rice varieties. In contrast, hot water (HW) extracts exhibited the lowest amount of bioactive compounds. However, there was no significant difference between methanol extraction alone and ultrasonic pretreatment with hot water extract on antioxidant contents for black glutinous rice. The contents of individual anthocyanins and flavonoids (cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, peonidin 3-O-glucoside, and quercetin) were significantly increased with ultrasonic pretreatment compare to the conventional method in black glutinous rice while failed to detect the red rice variety. The black glutinous rice contained significantly higher contents of all analyzed compounds and antioxidant activities than red rice. In conclusions, our results demonstrated that ultrasonic pretreatment significantly enhanced antioxidant extraction with higher activities compared with conventional extraction irrespective of solvents and rice varieties. Furthermore, the efficiency of ultrasonic together with hot water extraction was almost equal to methanol extraction which was the one effective solvent for extracting antioxidant.

Antioxidant activities of Thai pigmented rice cultivars and application in sunflower oil

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ninnart Chinprahast ◽  
Teerapat Tungsomboon ◽  
Patlapa Nagao
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Pigmented Rice

Antioxidant Activities and Phenolic Compounds of Pigmented Rice Bran Extracts

2012 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. C759-C764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Il Jun ◽  
Geun-Seoup Song ◽  
Eun-In Yang ◽  
Young Youn ◽  
Young-Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Pigmented Rice

scholarly journals Study of the Effects of Heating on Organic Matter and Mineral Phases in Limestones

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
J. May-Crespo ◽  
P. Martínez-Torres ◽  
P. Quintana ◽  
J. J. Alvarado-Gil ◽  
L. Vilca-Quispe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Effective Porosity ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Degree Of Degradation ◽  
Partial Release

Color-induced changes in stones due to heating can be useful in determining the degree of degradation generated in their components and structure. We evaluate the effect of heating in three types of limestones, useful in building and restoration, corresponding to biomicrite (BC), biosparite (BS), and intramicrite (IM), in the range of temperature from 100°C to 600°C. Our analyses indicate that the strongest changes in reflectance occur in the samples of intramicrite, followed by biomicrite, being biosparite showing the smallest ones. Additionally, IM samples suffer the largest modifications in effective porosity due to the thermal treatment; in contrast, BS and BC samples show smaller temperature-induced alterations associated with smaller changes in reflectance. Moreover, we reveal that most of the thermally induced variations are associated, in this range of temperature, to the dehydroxylation of goethite that transforms into hematite, as well as by the burning and partial release of the organic matter present in the rock. Colorimetry analyses show that the sequence of thermally induced changes can be followed by the evolution of the three coordinates, L ∗ (lightness), a ∗ (red-green), and b ∗ (yellow-blue), of the CIE 1976 L ∗ a ∗ b ∗ space.

scholarly journals Altitudinal Variation of Metabolites, Mineral Elements and Antioxidant Activities of Rhodiola crenulata (Hook.f. & Thomson) H.Ohba

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 7383
Author(s):  
Tingting Dong ◽  
Yueqi Sha ◽  
Hairong Liu ◽  
Liwei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Phenolic Components ◽  
Rhodiola Crenulata

Rhodiolacrenulata (Hook.f. & Thomson) H.Ohba is an alpine medicinal plant that can survive in extreme high altitude environments. However, its changes to extreme high altitude are not yet clear. In this study, the response of Rhodiola crenulata to differences in altitude gradients was investigated through chemical, ICP-MS and metabolomic methods. A targeted study of Rhodiola crenulata growing at three vertical altitudes revealed that the contents of seven elements Ca, Sr, B, Mn, Ni, Cu, and Cd, the phenolic components, the ascorbic acid, the ascorbic acid/dehydroascorbate ratio, and the antioxidant capacity were positively correlated with altitude, while the opposite was true for total ascorbic acid content. Furthermore, 1165 metabolites were identified: flavonoids (200), gallic acids (30), phenylpropanoids (237), amino acids (100), free fatty acids and glycerides (56), nucleotides (60), as well as other metabolites (482). The differential metabolite and biomarker analyses suggested that, with an increasing altitude: (1) the shikimic acid-phenylalanine-phenylpropanoids-flavonoids pathway was enhanced, with phenylpropanoids upregulating biomarkers much more than flavonoids; phenylpropanes and phenylmethanes upregulated, and phenylethanes downregulated; the upregulation of quercetin was especially significant in flavonoids; upregulation of condensed tannins and downregulation of hydrolyzed tannins; upregulation of shikimic acids and amino acids including phenylalanine. (2) significant upregulation of free fatty acids and downregulation of glycerides; and (3) upregulation of adenosine phosphates. Our findings provide new insights on the responses of Rhodiola crenulata to extreme high altitude adversity.

scholarly journals INHIBITION OF NITRIC OXIDE PRODUCTION IN LPS-STIMULATED RAW 264.7 CELLS BY DOLICHANDRONE ATROVIRENS BARK

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Ponnuvel Deepa ◽  
Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan ◽  
Minju Kim ◽  
Songmun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Phenolic Components ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

In traditional systems of medicine, the bark of Dolichandroneatrovirens has been used to treat various disorders. The main aim of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of D. atrovirens bark through the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.For this purpose, preliminary phytochemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activities of various solvent extracts of D. atrovirens bark were evaluated to select the most effective extract.The methanol extract of D.atrovirens registered the highest amount of total phenolics (476.2 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (129.0 mg RE/g)contents witha strong antioxidant activity as measured in DPPH (IC50 of 19.52 μg/mL) and ABTS (IC50of 10.82 μg/mL) scavenging activities.Hence, the methanol extract was selected for cell line study. Further, the methanol extract of D. atrovirens effectively inhibited the production of NO in RAW 264.7 cells induced by LPS (13.1 μM at the concentration of 80 μg/mL). It could be concluded that the presence of higher level of total phenolic components in the methanol extract of D. atrovirens bark might be responsible for reducing the NO level in cells.

scholarly journals Comparison of Functional Components and Antioxidant Activity of Lycium barbarum L. Fruits from Different Regions in China

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youyuan Lu ◽  
Sheng Guo ◽  
Fang Zhang ◽  
Hui Yan ◽  
Da-Wei Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Carotenoid ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Phenolic Components ◽  
Functional Components ◽  
Zeaxanthin Dipalmitate ◽  
Β Carotene

The fruit of Lycium barbarum L. (FLB) has been used as medicines and functional foods for more than 2000 years in East Asia. In this study, carotenoid, phenolic, flavonoid, and polysaccharide contents as well as the antioxidant activities of FLB from 13 different regions in China from a total of 78 samples were analyzed. The results showed that total carotenoid contents ranged from 12.93 to 25.35 mg β-carotene equivalents/g DW. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate was the predominant carotenoid (4.260–10.07 mg/g DW) in FLB. The total phenolic, total flavonoid, and total polysaccharide contents ranged from 6.899 to 8.253 mg gallic acid equivalents/g DW, 3.177 to 6.144 mg rutin equivalents/g DW, and 23.62 to 42.45 mg/g DW, respectively. Rutin content ranged from 0.1812 to 0.4391 mg/g DW, and ferulic acid content ranged from 0.0994 to 0.1726 mg/g DW. All of these FLB could be divided into two clusters with PCA analysis, and both individual carotenoids and total carotenoid contents could be used as markers for regional characterization. The phenolic components were the main substance for the antioxidant activity of FLB. Considering the functional component and antioxidant activities, FLB produced in Guyuan of Ningxia was the closest to Daodi herbs (Zhongwei of Ningxia), which is commercially available high quality FLB. The results of this study could provide guidance for comprehensive applications of FLB production in different regions.

scholarly journals Differences in Production, Composition, and Antioxidant Activities of Exopolymeric Substances (EPS) Obtained from Cultures of Endophytic Fusarium culmorum Strains with Different Effects on Cereals

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 616
Author(s):  
Jolanta Jaroszuk-Ściseł ◽  
Artur Nowak ◽  
Iwona Komaniecka ◽  
Adam Choma ◽  
Anna Jarosz-Wilkołazka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Exopolymeric Substances ◽  
Phenolic Components ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Cereal Plants

Exopolymeric substances (EPS) can determine plant-microorganism interactions and have great potential as bioactive compounds. The different amounts of EPS obtained from cultures of three endophytic Fusarium culmorum strains with different aggressiveness—growth promoting (PGPF), deleterious (DRMO), and pathogenic towards cereal plants—depended on growth conditions. The EPS concentrations (under optimized culture conditions) were the lowest (0.2 g/L) in the PGPF, about three times higher in the DRMO, and five times higher in the pathogen culture. The EPS of these strains differed in the content of proteins, phenolic components, total sugars, glycosidic linkages, and sugar composition (glucose, mannose, galactose, and smaller quantities of arabinose, galactosamine, and glucosamine). The pathogen EPS exhibited the highest total sugar and mannose concentration. FTIR analysis confirmed the β configuration of the sugars. The EPS differed in the number and weight of polysaccharidic subfractions. The EPS of PGPF and DRMO had two subfractions and the pathogen EPS exhibited a subfraction with the lowest weight (5 kDa). The three EPS preparations (ethanol-precipitated EP, crude C, and proteolysed P) had antioxidant activity (particularly high for the EP-EPS soluble in high concentrations). The EP-EPS of the PGPF strain had the highest antioxidant activity, most likely associated with the highest content of phenolic compounds in this EPS.

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