scholarly journals Environment-friendly clay coagulant aid for wastewater treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmin Sultana ◽  
Boloram Karmaker ◽  
A. S. M. Saifullah ◽  
Md. Galal Uddin ◽  
Md. Moniruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Chemical Effects

AbstractWastewater management and its environment-friendly applications seem to be very complicated associated with chemical effects due to their dynamic characteristics for developing countries. Most of the world's agencies or countries have been treated wastewater using chemical coagulants which have contributed to other environmental complications. Considering the impacts of chemical coagulation, this study is novel research to identify alternative components that would be applied as a natural coagulant. The present study was conducted using two different regional clays as coagulants which were collected from Portugal and Bangladesh's Patuakhali coastal area. The clay coagulant applications were applied to investigate the removal efficiency of physical properties (turbidity), chemical properties (pH and COD), and heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Ni, and Pb) from wastewater. Comparatively, the highest removal efficiency was examined by the coastal clay of Patuakhali. This soil is also easily available in the local context and can be economically viable.

scholarly journals The Use of Organic Coagulants in the Primary Precipitation Process at Wastewater Treatment Plants

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Czerwionka ◽  
Anna Wilinska ◽  
Agnieszka Tuszynska
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Primary Precipitation

Measurements for determining the effect of chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT) on the efficiency of pollutant removal from wastewater were carried out using conventional inorganic coagulants PIX113 with polymer A110 (Kemipol, Police, Poland) and unconventional cationic organic coagulants Cofloc (Attana, Coalville, UK) C29510 (Kemipol, Police, Poland) and Sedifloc 575 (3F Chimica, Sandrigo, Italy). The average removal efficiency in the 2-h sedimentation process was 46%, 34%, 8%, 12% for the total suspended solids, organic matter (COD), total nitrogen, and total phosphorus, respectively. The use of organic coagulants contributed to 14–81% increase of pollutant removal efficiency. Substantial discrepancies in biological nutrient removal processes were not discovered in two-phase (anaerobic-anoxic) experiments without and with the addition of the organic coagulants. The increase in organic matter removal efficiency as a result of the CEPT process may contribute to a 65–80% increase in biogas production. The conducted research confirms the possibility of using organic coagulants in the primary precipitation process in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in accordance with the principles of maximum energy recovery, thereby promoting renewable energy sources. Additionally, organic coagulants, as opposed to inorganic ones, do not cause a significant increase of chloride and sulfate ion concentrations, which facilitates the use of treated wastewater in the water reuse systems, such as irrigation of agricultural crops.

Hydroponics reducing effluent's heavy metals discharge

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdellah Rababah ◽  
Ahmad Al-Shuha
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Heavy Metals Removal ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Nutrient Film Technique ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

This paper investigates the capacity of Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) to control effluent's heavy metals discharge. A commercial hydroponic system was adapted to irrigate lettuces with primary treated wastewater for studying the potential heavy metals removal. A second commercial hydroponic system was used to irrigate the same type of lettuces with nutrient solution and this system was used as a control. Results showed that lettuces grew well when irrigated with primary treated effluent in the commercial hydroponic system. The NFT-plant system heavy metals removal efficiency varied amongst the different elements, The system's removal efficiency for Cr was more than 92%, Ni more than 85%, in addition to more than 60% reduction of B, Pb, and Zn. Nonetheless, the NFT-plants system removal efficiencies for As, Cd and Cu were lower than 30%. Results show that lettuces accumulated heavy metals in leaves at concentrations higher than the maximum acceptable European and Australian levels. Therefore, non-edible plants such as flowers or pyrethrum are recommended as value added crops for the proposed NFT.

scholarly journals Effect of municipal wastewater irrigation and well water on plant and soil characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-419
Author(s):  
Mashallah DANESHVAR ◽  
Farhad FATTAHI ◽  
Hamid R. RAHMANI ◽  
Seyed A. M. MODARRES SANAVY ◽  
Masoud SAMI
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

In order to investigate the effect of treated wastewater on forage yield, nutrient elements and heavy metals in corn plants (Zea maize, 704 single cross), a field experiment was conducted in RCBD with three treatments in four replications in 2017. Irrigation with well water as first treatment, irrigation with wastewater as second treatment and irrigation with well water and wastewater was alternately applied as a third treatment. The results showed that the highest amount of forage corn yield, stalk and ear dry weight, plant height and leaf number and spade index were obtained in irrigation with wastewater. The highest nitrogen content of leaf and stalk and corn grain was obtained in irrigation with wastewater treatment and the least amount in irrigation with well water treatment was obtained. The amount of phosphorus and potassium measured in leaf and stalk of corn in all three treatments were not significantly different. Also, the highest amount of iron and zinc in leaf and stalk of corn was obtained in irrigation with wastewater treatment. The results showed that the amount of heavy metals including lead, cadmium and nickel in soils were not significantly different in all three treatments. According to the results, the use of urban wastewater not only does not cause soil and plant pollution to heavy elements, but also increases plant yield and nutrition.

scholarly journals Study of Heavy Metals in the Soils of Two Localities in Dolj County

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 352-357
Author(s):  
Gilda-Diana Buzatu ◽  
Ana Maria Dodocioiu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract The study was conducted in two neighboring localities located in the northern county of Dolj, namely Murgasi and Bulzesti. The purpose of the study was twofold: namely, the study of heavy metal loading in order to identify possible pollution areas and to know the soil content of these localities in heavy metals in order to be able to give the verdict on the use of sludge from Craiova wastewater treatment plant as fertilizer on these soils. In order to determine the suitability of sewage sludge from the Craiova wastewater treatment plant as a fertilizer, physical and chemical properties and heavy metal content of the soils in these areas were analysed, as well as the chemical composition of sludge, according to Order 344/2004 of the Ministry of Environment and Water Management of Romania, respectively 13 physical and chemical parameters of the soils in these localities and the chemical composition of the sludge and respectively the quantity of heavy metals to be introduced annually into the soil by using it.

scholarly journals Effect of irrigation with anaerobic baffled reactor effluent on Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris cicla.) yield, nutrient uptake and leaching

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Musazura ◽  
A. O. Odindo ◽  
I. B. Bame ◽  
E. H. Tesfamariam
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Anaerobic Baffled Reactor ◽  
Swiss Chard

The disposal of treated wastewater from an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) effluent into water bodies can cause pollution. Treated wastewater management through irrigation of crops has the potential of increasing crop production through nutrient uptake while reducing the risks of environmental pollution. However, this study aimed to investigate the effect of irrigation with ABR effluent on Swiss chard yield, nutrient (N and P) uptake and leaching. Field experiments were done over three seasons at Newlands, Durban, South Africa. The experiments were laid out in a randomised complete block design with three treatments: ABR effluent irrigation (ABR), tap water irrigation with fertiliser (TWF) and rain-fed with fertiliser (RFF). Data were collected on nutrient (N and P) leaching at 30 and 50 cm depths, crop growth, soil chemical properties and nutrient uptake. Effects of irrigation with ABR effluent on soil chemical properties, Swiss chard growth, plant nutrient uptake and leaching were comparable to TWF and RFF treatments. This implies that irrigating crops with ABR effluent is a potential method for wastewater management in a manner that will not cause environmental pollution while benefiting peri-urban farmers.

scholarly journals Application of SAC254 measurement for the assessment of micropollutant removal in the adsorptive treatment stage of a municipal wastewater treatment plant

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Rößler ◽  
Steffen Metzger
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Adsorptive Treatment ◽  
Micropollutant Removal ◽  
Treatment Stage

In 2010, the Mannheim wastewater treatment plant was expanded with an adsorptive treatment stage to remove organic micropollutants (OMPs). Differences in the removal efficiencies of the OMPs investigated were determined over four years of operation by applying different powdered activated carbon (PAC) products and a constant volume-proportional dosing of 10 mg PAC/L. Possible influences on the removal efficiency are discussed here on the basis of the data obtained, exemplified for the analgesic diclofenac. The analyses show that the removal efficiency is influenced significantly by the spectral absorption coefficient (SAC) of the biologically treated wastewater at a wavelength of 254 nm (SAC254). Therefore, in order to ensure the constant treatment performance desired, the dosage of PAC should be adjusted to the measured SAC254 values. Moreover, as the SAC254 reduction correlates with the removal efficiency of OMPs, the additional determination of its reduction allows indirect control of the actual removal performance achieved. The SAC254 reduction can also be used for targeted control of the PAC dosage.

Wastewater management in Greece: experience and lessons for developing countries

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Tsagarakis ◽  
D. D. Mara ◽  
A. N. Angelakis
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Treatment Policies ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Selection Of

Technologies to treat wastewater are now well established and are capable of producing almost any degree of purification. The main issue surrounding the selection of a given process lies in deciding which is the most appropriate and applicable technology for the particular social, political and economic environment. This paper concentrates on the development of the municipal wastewater treatment sector in Greece. It examines the deficiencies and problems arising from the implementation of wastewater management policies and makes a number of suggestions and recommendations. The areas considered include, among others, historical development, economic development and pollution control, key issues for wastewater treatment policies and lessons applicable to developing countries. It is hoped that this study will be a valuable source of information for countries embarking on nationwide sanitation projects.

Grass filtration in parallel with VFCW technology for community wastewater treatment through the king's initiative nature-by-nature process

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-643
Author(s):  
K. Chunkao ◽  
O. Phewnil ◽  
T. Pattamapitoon ◽  
N. Semvimol ◽  
W. Wararam
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Hdpe Pipe ◽  
Kallar Grass ◽  
Kjeldahl Nitrogen

The 15-year research is aimed to apply the Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland (VFCW) technology along with growing Star, Kallar, Coast couch grasses for community wastewater treatment as obtained from Phetchaburi municipal after anaerobic digesting inside the 18.5 km High-density Polyethylene (HDPE) pipe. The results found that pH value did not evidently show any change of influent to effluent among grass species but drastic change due to treatment efficiency in Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKD), Total Phosphorus (TP), and Total Potassium (TK) due to supporting rapidly growing of Star, Kallar, and Coast couch grasses, and also some parts of organic forms to escape from the VFCW technical units as volatile gaseous chemicals; and precipitating down to the VFCW technical unit beds as sludge. The Star and Coast couch grasses showed higher potential in community wastewater treatment efficiency than Kallar grass but treating power were not different in wide ranges. Besides, the heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg as example) were contaminated in both treated wastewater and sludge (sediment). However, the influent and effluent as inflow and outflow of VFCW technical units found very low contamination but three grasses (Star, Kallar, and Coast couch) showed their eligibility in treating heavy metals, especially when their age at 45-day growth as the same findings of treating BOD, TKN, TP, and TK according to meet highest treatment efficiency at age of 45 days. In other words, the harvesting age at 45 days was not only reached the maximum treatment efficiency as well as maximum grass biomass but also kept away from heavy contamination.

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