The nutritive value of tamarind seeds for broiler chicks

SummaryA study was conducted to examine the effects of a multi-carbohydrase enzyme complex on the nutritive value of wheat in diets differing in nutrient density. It was hypothesised that response to enzyme inclusion would be greater in diets with lower nutrient density. The study was conducted using 1008 Ross 308 male broiler chicks (four treatments with seven replicate pens of 36 chicks). A 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was employed. Factors were adequate or low nutrient density with or without enzyme supplementation. The wheat-soybean meal based positive control (PC) diet was formulated to be nutritionally adequate in energy and digestible amino acids according to local industry recommendations. A negative control (NC) was formulated to have 80 kcal/kg less ME and 1.5% less digestible amino acids as compared to the PC. A multi-carbohydrase complex containing 19 carbohydrase activities derived from Penicillium funiculosum was added in both the PC and NC diets (Rovabio® Excel LC, Adisseo Asia Pacific Pte Ltd., Singapore). Birds fed the NC had 3.7 points (P < 0.05) poorer FCR than the PC. Across the diet type, enzyme supplementation increased body weight by 3.2% (P < 0.05) and improved FCR by 5.2 points (P < 0.01). There was no nutrient density x enzyme interaction (P > 0.05), indicating that performance improvement was independent of nutrient density. Apparent ileal digestibility of crude protein followed a similar trend, showing a 4.9% enhancement (P < 0.01) with the inclusion of the enzyme product in either diet. Enzyme supplementation reduced ileal viscosity by 39.0% (P < 0.05). It was concluded that multi-carbohydrase could overcome the negative effect in broiler performance brought by nutrient reduction, however, there was no indication that nutrient density affected bird response to supplementation of multi-carbohydrase.

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Gelatinization of fermented cassava tuber meal and its nutritive value for broilers

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v40i2.1150 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 71-79

Author(s):

G. E. Enyenihi ◽

A. C. Esiegwu ◽

B. O. Esonu ◽

M. C. Uchegbu ◽

A. B. I. Udedibie

Keyword(s):

Nutritive Value ◽

Control Diet ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Feed Conversion Ratio ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

The Sun ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Internal Organs ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Finisher Diets

The effect of fermentation of cassava tuber followed by its gelatinization was evaluated as a method of processing cassava for use as source of energy in broiler diets. Peeled and unpeeled cassava tubers were separately fermented in water for 4 days, dried in the sun and then milled to produce fermented peeled and unpeeled cassava tuber meals, respectively. The dusty meals were then gelatinized by mixing with water in pots seated over fire at the rate of 1kg of cassava tuber meal to one litre of water and stirred until they gelatinized into fufu. The gelatinized pastes were then taken bit by bit and flattened on polythene sheets and dried in the sun. The resultant fermented and gelatinized peeled and unpeeled cassava tuber cakes were then milled to produce fermented and gelatinized unpeeled cassava tuber meal (UFGC), a brownish-looking non-dusty product and fermented and gelatinized peeled cassava tuber meal (PFGC), an ash-looking non-dusty product. Three broiler diets were made such that diet 1 (control) contained maize as source of energy, while in diets 2 and 3, the maize in the control diet was completed replaced with UFGC and PFGC, respectively, both in the starter and finisher diets. One hundred and twenty (120) broiler chicks were divided into 3 groups of 40 birds each and each group assigned to one of the diets, using completely randomized design, and fed for 4 weeks with the starter diets and finisher diets for another 4 weeks. At the starter phase, the UFGC diets gained significantly (P < 0.05) less weight and consequently had poorer feed conversion ratio. There were no significant differences in feed intake (P < 0.05). At the finisher phase, the group on UFGC gained significantly (P < 0.05) more body weight. The groups on cassava diet tended to consume less feed and so had better feed conversion ratio. There were no differences (P > 0.05) in dressed weights and weights of internal organs but the group on PFGC diet accumulated significantly (P < 0.05) more abdominal fat.

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The impact of raw and cooked wild cocoyam (Caladium bicolor) on the performance of broiler chicks

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry ◽

10.2298/bah1201119o ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 119-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P.N. Onu ◽

F.N. Madubuike

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Feed Conversion Ratio ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Randomized Design ◽

The Impact

This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of raw and cooked wild cocoyam (Caladium bicolor) on the performance of broiler chicks. Wild cocoyam corms were divided into two batches. One batch was ground raw and the other batch was cooked before grinding. Wild cocoyam meals so prepared were used to formulate 5 broiler starter diets at dietary inclusion levels of 0, 10 and 20% raw and cooked wild cocoyam respectively. 180 7-day-old Anak broiler chicks were randomly allotted to the five treatment diets in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and each group was further subdivided into three replicates of 12 birds. Measurements recorded included weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion and protein efficiency ratios and economics of production. Results shows significant (p<0.05) improvement in feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and PER of birds fed cooked wild cocoyam meals. Marked (p<0.05) reduction was however, obtained in feed intake and feed conversion ratio of birds fed raw wild cocoyam diets. There was no significant (p>0.05) difference between birds fed maize-based (control) and cooked wild cocoyam diets. Results of this experiment indicated that cooking improved the nutritive value of wild cocoyam since birds fed cooked wild cocoyam diets produced best results than those fed raw wild cocoyam meal and that starter broilers could tolerate up to 20% dietary inclusion level of cooked wild cocoyam without any deleterious effect. Economics of production showed that cooked wild cocoyam diets were more profitable as regards the cost of feed per kg weight gain (N) and thus cost savings (%).

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Genotypic and environmental differences in rye fed to broiler chicks with dietary pentosanase supplementation

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas91-146 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 71 (4) ◽

pp. 1233-1239 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

G. L. Campbell ◽

D. A. Teitge ◽

H. L. Classen

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Growth Response ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Soluble Carbohydrates ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Chick Growth ◽

Production Location ◽

Unknown Sample ◽

Single Variety

The response of broiler chicks fed rye with dietary pentosanase supplementation was examined with respect to rye variety, area of production, and maturity at harvest. There were significant differences among varieties in the absence of enzyme addition and significant differences (variety × enzyme, P < 0.01) in the magnitude of the chick growth response to dietary pentosanase (exp. 1). Kodiak and Cougar rye gave greater enzyme-induced growth response than did Gazelle rye, with Musketeer rye and an unknown sample displaying intermediate values. Experiment 2 gave similar results; both Kodiak and Cougar rye in chick diets gave a larger response to dietary pentosanase than did Musketeer rye (P > 0.05). Determination of soluble carbohydrates, as well as extract viscosity, indicated that Kodiak rye had higher extract viscosity, higher extractable pentosan content, and a lower arabinose-to-xylose ratio; however, these results were not consistent with Cougar rye. Differing production location of a single variety (Musketeer, exp. 3) or maturity at harvest (exp. 4) indicated no significant effect on the nutritive value of rye attributable to location or maturity with or without enzyme supplementation, nor was there an effect on the magnitude of enzyme response. In rye harvested at different stages of maturity there was, however, a nonsignificant linear depression in chick growth with rye harvested at higher moisture levels. Key words: Rye, pentosans, broiler chicks, pentosanase

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Nutritive Value of Salt-bed Roasted Soybeans for Broiler Chicks

Poultry Science ◽

10.3382/ps.0530547 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 547-553 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

G.S. Vijaya Raghavan ◽

J.M. Harper ◽

E.W. Kienholz

Keyword(s):

Nutritive Value ◽

Broiler Chicks

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FEEDING VALUE OF PURPLE 606-A, C. W. RED SPRING AND WHITE 607-A WHEAT CULTIVARS COMPARED TO CORN IN BROILER RATIONS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas76-011 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 73-80

Author(s):

R. J. GRÉGOIRE ◽

G. J. BRISSON ◽

G. J. ST-LAURENT ◽

R. J. BELZILE

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Energy Content ◽

High Protein ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Nonprotein Nitrogen

A factorial experiment (3 × 5) lasting 8 wk was conducted with Hubbard male broiler chicks to compare the nutritive value of rations containing three wheat cultivars, namely Purple 606-A, C. W. Red Spring and White 607-A, in five corn:wheat combinations in the respective proportions of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100. Although the calculated crude protein and energy content of the rations were similar, body weight and feed efficiency of chickens were markedly influenced by two of the wheat cultivars studied and by the proportions of these cultivars in the rations. Performance of birds fed the rations based on White 607-A was similar to that of birds fed corn, even when wheat constituted the sole feed grain. By contrast, birds fed the rations based on Purple 606-A and C. W. Red Spring had significantly [Formula: see text] lower body weight and feed efficiency than those fed rations containing high proportions of corn or any of the rations based on White 607-A. The concentration of lysine and methionine in the high protein wheat cultivars (Purple 606-A and C. W. Red Spring) was markedly lower than that in White 607-A. Furthermore, amino acid analyses showed a greater content of nonprotein nitrogen in Purple 606-A and C. W. Red Spring as compared to White 607-A and corn. These observations suggest that the lower performance of chicks fed the high protein wheat rations may have been related to their amino acid profile as well as the greater amount of soybean meal needed to make the rations of equal crude protein content.

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Evaluation of the nutritive value of yellow rice in rats and broiler chicks

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19920116 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 573-582 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

S. Panigrahi ◽

S. Phillips ◽

V. E. Plumb ◽

A. J. Watson

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Food Intake ◽

Animal Species ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Nutrient Retention ◽

Nutrient Composition ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Food Utilization ◽

Ingredient Composition

Yellow discoloration often develops in rice kernels during post-harvest storage, due possibly to fungal activity. The present study examined the changes in nutrient composition taking place during yellowing of rice, and the effects of feeding rats and broiler chicks on a moderately yellow rice at 600 g/kg diet. Nitrogen content was found to be higher in rice grains that had become more yellow, only part of the increase being in non-protein-N; however, relative to crude protein (N x 6.25) the concentrations of lysine, methionine, cystine and arginine were lower. There were no significant differences between white and yellow rice in the food intake, weight gain and efficiency of food utilization (EFU) of rats and chicks when diets were formulated to contain similar nutrient concentrations, or the same basal ingredient composition. Diet pelleting increased food intake and weight gain in both animal species, but reduced dry matter and energy digestibility in rats; effects on nutrient retention in chicks were largely non-significant. Liver weights of rats and chicks and pancreas weights of chicks were unaffected by yellow rice; however, chicks fed on mash had a larger pancreas on average than those fed on pellets. Thus, whilst the nutrient composition of rice is altered during yellowing, a moderately yellow rice is unlikely to produce major adverse effects when fed to rats and broiler chicks.

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