Epigenetics and Lifestyle: The Impact of Stress, Diet, and Social Habits on Tissue Homeostasis

Rationale Cardiac stem cells (CSC) regulate cardiomyogenesis and support regenerative processes in the heart, but aging adversely affects stem cell repair capacity. Aging is a primary cause of impaired cardiac function characterized by accumulation of senescent cells. CSC senescence is associated with permanent growth arrest that decreases survival signaling and cellular replacement, inevitably diminishing the capacity of the heart to maintain tissue homeostasis. Therefore, promoting CSC growth may improve cardiac performance with age. Pim-1 kinase exhibits protective and proliferative effects in the myocardium but the role of Pim-1 in cardiac aging has not been thoroughly studied. Objective Demonstrate that Pim-1 promotes stem cell growth in the aged myocardium correlating with increased expression of centromere protein A (CENP-A), a kinetochore-associated protein known to support cell proliferation in numerous species and cell types. Methods & Results CENP-A expression levels were evaluated from murine myocardial tissue samples ranging in age from 11 days post coitum to 4 months of age with analysis by immunoblot as well as quantitative PCR. CENP-A expression was colocalized with c-kit as a marker of CSC by immunohistochemical labeling, revealing a decline in CENP-A expression over the time course of postnatal myocardial maturation. The impact of Pim-1 upon CENP-A level was assessed by comparative analysis of non-transgenic mice versus genetically modified transgenic mouse lines expressing either Pim-1 (wild type) or a dominant negative functionally dead Pim-1 mutant. Pim-1 overexpression increases persistence of CENP-A in CSCs with age, as well as the prevalence of cycling CSCs as marked by phosph-H3 expression, while the functionally dead mutant accelerates CENP-A diminution and decreases CSC proliferation. Conclusion CENP-A decline in c-kit positive cells with age provides intriguing evidence of a potential mechanism for the diminished capacity of CSCs to maintain tissue homeostasis. Pim-1 mitigates CENP-A diminution, demonstrating the promising potential of Pim-1 to promote cardiac growth and repair with age.

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The impact of ageing on lipid-mediated regulation of adult stem cell behavior and tissue homeostasis

Mechanisms of Ageing and Development ◽

10.1016/j.mad.2020.111278 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 189 ◽

pp. 111278

Author(s):

Rafael Sênos Demarco ◽

Marie Clémot ◽

D. Leanne Jones

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Adult Stem Cell ◽

Tissue Homeostasis ◽

Cell Behavior ◽

The Impact

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New Insights into the Role of Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition during Aging

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20040891 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 891 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Francisco Santos ◽

Cristiana Moreira ◽

Sandrina Nóbrega-Pereira ◽

Bruno Bernardes de Jesus

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Aging Process ◽

Cell Function ◽

Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽

Normal Aging ◽

Tissue Homeostasis ◽

Mesenchymal Transition ◽

The Impact ◽

Possible Cause

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process by which differentiated epithelial cells undergo a phenotypic conversion to a mesenchymal nature. The EMT has been increasingly recognized as an essential process for tissue fibrogenesis during disease and normal aging. Higher levels of EMT proteins in aged tissues support the involvement of EMT as a possible cause and/or consequence of the aging process. Here, we will highlight the existing understanding of EMT supporting the phenotypical alterations that occur during normal aging or pathogenesis, covering the impact of EMT deregulation in tissue homeostasis and stem cell function.

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The effect of playing electronic games on student behavior in public schools in Jordan from the teachers' point of view: أثر ممارسة الألعاب الإلكترونية على سلوكيات الطلبة في المدارس الحكومية في الأردن من وجهة نظر المعلمين

المجلة العربية للعلوم ونشر الأبحاث مجلة العلوم التربوية والنفسية ◽

10.26389/ajsrp.b060621 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (45) ◽

pp. 14-1

Author(s):

Nabhan Housni Turaikhim AlRiahneh Nabhan Housni Turaikhim AlRiahneh

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Student Behavior ◽

Point Of View ◽

Public School Teachers ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Jordan Valley ◽

Social Habits ◽

Electronic Games ◽

The Impact ◽

Northern Jordan

The study aimed to identify the effect of playing electronic games on students' behavior in public schools in Jordan from the teachers’ point of view, and to achieve the aim of the study, the corresponding study tool was prepared and its validity and reliability were confirmed. The study sample consisted of a number of public school teachers in the Northern Jordan Valley. In the governorate of Irbid, who numbered (45) teachers, and they were chosen by the intentional method, the researcher used the qualitative approach to suit the nature of the study and its objectives, and the study reached the following results: The results of the interviews of the respondents showed that there are unusual behaviors that appeared on students as a result of their merging with electronic games and this What all the interviewed individuals indicated, and the majority of the study sample indicated that there are changes in students ’behavior such as irritation, violence, hitting, blind imitation of some wrong behaviors, immoral habits and negative habits that affected their social habits with their peers, and most of the respondents indicated that the academic achievement of students who Playing electronic games has clearly decreased, and in light of the results of the study, the researcher presented many m The recommendations include conducting many studies and research on the impact of electronic games at different age stages, educating parents about the danger of electronic games on children, holding awareness and introducing workshops on the dangers and negatives of electronic games, highlighting the school’s role in addressing the problem of electronic games for students, by educating them and guiding them about the harms of this Games for their behaviors.

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A Computational Model of Stem Cell Molecular Mechanism to Maintain Tissue Homeostasis

10.1101/2020.03.02.972968 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Najme Khorasani ◽

Mehdi Sadeghi ◽

Abbas Nowzari-Dalini

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Computational Model ◽

Regulatory Networks ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Tissue Homeostasis ◽

Short Period ◽

Dynamic Stochastic ◽

The Impact

Stem cells, with their capacity to self-renew and to differentiate to more specialized cell types, play a key role to maintain homeostasis in adult tissues. To investigate how, in the dynamic stochastic environment of a tissue, non-genetic diversity and the precise balance between proliferation and differentiation are achieved, it is necessary to understand the molecular mechanisms of the stem cells in decision making process. By focusing on the impact of stochasticity, we proposed a computational model describing the regulatory circuitry as a tri-stable dynamical system to reveal the mechanism which orchestrate this balance. Our model explains how the distribution of noise in genes, linked to the cell regulatory networks, controls cell decision-making to maintain homeostatic state. The noise control over tissue homeostasis is achieved by regulating the probability of differentiation and self-renewal through symmetric and/or asymmetric cell divisions. Our model reveals, when mutations due to the replication of DNA in stem cell division, are inevitable, how mutations contribute to either aging gradually or the development of cancer in a short period of time. Furthermore, our model sheds some light on the impact of more complex regulatory networks on the system robustness against perturbations.

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Autophagy in the Regulation of Tissue Differentiation and Homeostasis

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology ◽

10.3389/fcell.2020.602901 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Cristiana Perrotta ◽

Maria Grazia Cattaneo ◽

Raffaella Molteni ◽

Clara De Palma

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Cell Fate ◽

Tissue Homeostasis ◽

Lysosomal Degradation ◽

Cell Dynamics ◽

Stem Cell Fate ◽

Metabolic Plasticity ◽

Suitable Framework ◽

The Impact

Autophagy is a constitutive pathway that allows the lysosomal degradation of damaged components. This conserved process is essential for metabolic plasticity and tissue homeostasis and is crucial for mammalian post-mitotic cells. Autophagy also controls stem cell fate and defective autophagy is involved in many pathophysiological processes. In this review, we focus on established and recent breakthroughs aimed at elucidating the impact of autophagy in differentiation and homeostasis maintenance of endothelium, muscle, immune system, and brain providing a suitable framework of the emerging results and highlighting the pivotal role of autophagic response in tissue functions, stem cell dynamics and differentiation rates.

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Age-related changes in Polycomb gene regulation disrupt lineage fidelity in intestinal stem cells

eLife ◽

10.7554/elife.62250 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Author(s):

Helen M Tauc ◽

Imilce A Rodriguez-Fernandez ◽

Jason A Hackney ◽

Michal Pawlak ◽

Tal Ronnen Oron ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Tissue Homeostasis ◽

Intestinal Stem Cells ◽

Chromatin Regulation ◽

Somatic Stem Cells ◽

Cell Specification ◽

Age Related ◽

The Impact ◽

Age Related Changes

Tissue homeostasis requires long-term lineage fidelity of somatic stem cells. Whether and how age-related changes in somatic stem cells impact the faithful execution of lineage decisions remains largely unknown. Here, we address this question using genome-wide chromatin accessibility and transcriptome analysis as well as single cell RNA-seq to explore stem cell-intrinsic changes in the aging Drosophila intestine. These studies indicate that in stem cells of old flies, promoters of Polycomb (Pc) target genes become differentially accessible, resulting in the increased expression of enteroendocrine (EE) cell specification genes. Consistently, we find age-related changes in the composition of the EE progenitor cell population in aging intestines, as well as a significant increase in the proportion of EE-specified intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and progenitors in aging flies. We further confirm that Pc-mediated chromatin regulation is a critical determinant of EE cell specification in the Drosophila intestine. Pc is required to maintain expression of stem cell genes while ensuring repression of differentiation and specification genes. Our results identify Pc group proteins as central regulators of lineage identity in the intestinal epithelium and highlight the impact of age-related decline in chromatin regulation on tissue homeostasis.

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The Negative Effects of Smart Phones on the Jordanian Children from the Perspective of Parents

Journal of Educational and Social Research ◽

10.36941/jesr-2020-0095 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 139

Author(s):

Fatima Abdelhadi Zainelabdin

Keyword(s):

Social Institutions ◽

Smart Phones ◽

General Question ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Negative Behaviors ◽

The Hours ◽

Social Habits ◽

The Impact ◽

Structured Program

The study entitled "The Negative Effects of Smart Phones on the Jordanian Children from the Perspective of Parents" seeks to answer the following general question: What is the impact of using a smartphone on the socialization of Jordanian children from the perspective of parents? The descriptive study aimed to know the impact of using the smartphone on the socialization of the child and the nature of the values and behaviors acquired by the child as a result of using the smartphone. The researcher relied on the tools of scientific observation without the participation or a questionnaire was distributed on a sample estimated (300) parents, using the intentional sample of parents, in Amman; the researcher has reached the following results: 66% of children always use a smartphone, 36% of children started their interest in the smartphone from 3 to 5 years, 52% of children take half an hour to an hour using a smartphone, 34% of children use a smartphone depending on the circumstances, 39.33% of the children had a poor concentration after using the smartphone, 53.33% adopt negative behaviors as a result of using their smartphone, 48.66% of children become interacting with others after using the smartphone, 56.66% of children have diseases after they used a smartphone, including autism. The study recommends: The need to activate the role of social institutions, especially the family through the protection of children from programs, videos and applications and awareness of the seriousness of what is provided in the smartphone, parents were keen to establish good social habits that contribute to the formation of the child's personality, as well as the development of an accurate and structured program for children on the hours and times of their use of the smartphone so as not to affect their school hours.

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IMPACT OF ALCOHOL ON PANCREAS IN ALCOHOLIC PATIENTS

International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.22159/ijcpr.2020v12i2.37479 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 11-14

Author(s):

FABIHA AIMAN ◽

S. SRIVANI ◽

D. SUDHEER KUMAR ◽

P. KISHORE

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Epigastric Pain ◽

Early Stage ◽

Age Group ◽

Irreversible Damage ◽

Healthy Life ◽

Endocrine Insufficiency ◽

Alcohol Cessation ◽

Social Habits ◽

The Impact

Objective: Prolonged hazardous drinking can result in progressive and irreversible damage to the pancreas gland. This occurs on the background of pancreatic inflammation, acinar atrophy and, ultimately, fibrosis and can result in significant exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. Withdrawal of alcohol at an early stage may arrest the process and, even when the condition is established, may reduce the number of inflammatory episodes and allow for better control of both exocrine and endocrine insufficiencies. This study is aimed to identify the impact of alcohol on the pancreas and to educate the patient about the importance of alcohol cessation. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a multispecialty clinic in the gastroenterology department for a period of one month. 60 patients were involved in the study who were diagnosed with pancreatitis (acute or chronic). The data was obtained by directly communicating with the patients which consisted of demographics and social habits. Results: Among 60 patients, the male was dominant (85%) than female (15%). Majority of the patients were in the age group of 41-60 y (65%) followed by patients 2140 y of age (25%) and patients above 60 y of age (10%). Epigastric pain was the most common presenting complaint in all patients (67%) followed by vomiting (33%). Majority of the patients involved are alcoholics (60%). Conclusion: Proper attention to the health at the time of diagnosis of disease by alcohol cessation can prevent the progression of the disease and helps the patient to lead a healthy life.

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