Design and evaluation of an advanced continuous data level auditing system: A three-layer structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 100524
Author(s):  
Kyunghee Yoon ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Tiffany Chiu ◽  
Miklos A. Vasarhelyi
Keyword(s):  
Layer Structure ◽  
Continuous Data ◽  
System A ◽  
Data Level

Design and Evaluation of a Continuous Data Level Auditing System

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kogan ◽  
Michael G. Alles ◽  
Miklos A. Vasarhelyi ◽  
Jia Wu
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Continuous Data ◽  
Continuous Auditing ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Analytical Monitoring ◽  
Data Level ◽  
Unique Capability

SUMMARY: This study develops a framework for a continuous data level auditing system and uses a large sample of procurement data from a major health care provider to simulate an implementation of this framework. In this framework, the first layer monitors compliance with deterministic business process rules and the second layer consists of analytical monitoring of business processes. A distinction is made between exceptions identified by the first layer and anomalies identified by the second one. The unique capability of continuous auditing to investigate (and possibly remediate) the identified anomalies in “pseudo-real time” (e.g., on a daily basis) is simulated and evaluated. Overall, evidence is provided that continuous auditing of complete population data can lead to superior results, but only when audit practices change to reflect the new reality of data availability. Data Availability: The data are proprietary. Please contact the authors for details.

scholarly journals Revealing the planar chemistry of two-dimensional heterostructures at the atomic level

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Chou ◽  
Ariel Ismach ◽  
Rudresh Ghosh ◽  
Rodney S. Ruoff ◽  
Andrei Dolocan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Atomic Level ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
System A ◽  
Atomic Force

Abstract Two-dimensional (2D) atomic crystals and their heterostructures are an intense area of study owing to their unique properties that result from structural planar confinement. Intrinsically, the performance of a planar vertical device is linked to the quality of its 2D components and their interfaces, therefore requiring characterization tools that can reveal both its planar chemistry and morphology. Here, we propose a characterization methodology combining (micro-) Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry to provide structural information, morphology and planar chemical composition at virtually the atomic level, aimed specifically at studying 2D vertical heterostructures. As an example system, a graphene-on-h-BN heterostructure is analysed to reveal, with an unprecedented level of detail, the subtle chemistry and interactions within its layer structure that can be assigned to specific fabrication steps. Such detailed chemical information is of crucial importance for the complete integration of 2D heterostructures into functional devices.

A Novel File-Level Continuous Data Protection System

2012 ◽  
Vol 566 ◽  
pp. 406-413
Author(s):  
Si Han ◽  
Wen Bin Yao ◽  
Bo Shi Liu ◽  
Cong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Data Protection ◽  
File Systems ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Data Recovery ◽  
Continuous Data ◽  
Storage Space ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
System A ◽  
Backup System ◽  
Incremental Backup

Continuous Data Protection is a data recovery method which can protect file systems against malicious attacks or users’ mistakes. This paper proposes BCFBS (BUPT Continuous File Backup System): a continuous data protection architecture at file level. Compared with other approaches, it uses caching technique to protect the consistence between file versions, thereby speeding up both the backup of file version and space recycling. Furthermore, BCFBS combines techniques of filter the type of file, adjusting the frequency of the backup of file with incremental backup to make up the storage waste default of traditional CDP. Experimental results demonstrate that BCFBS can save storage space by 50%.

scholarly journals Structure of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer in the Vicinity of a Developing Upslope Flow System: A Numerical Model Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1171-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Serafin ◽  
Dino Zardi
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Flow Region ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Thermal Plume ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Convective Boundary ◽  
System A ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Model Study

Abstract The development of a morning upslope flow is studied by means of idealized numerical simulations. In particular, two cases are examined: a plane slope connecting a lower plain and an elevated plateau and a symmetric mountain in the middle of a uniform plain. The analysis examines various steepness cases and aims at understanding the processes occurring in the area of transition between the upslope flow region and the convective boundary layers (CBLs) growing nearby. A characteristic sequence of events is recognized in the simulations, and their relationship with the along-slope variability of the thermal energy and turbulent kinetic energy budgets is studied. Features occurring after the onset of the upslope wind include a transient depression in the boundary layer depth at the base of the slope and the formation of elevated turbulent layers above the CBL, caused by the divergence of turbulent flow from a thermal plume at the slope top. Numerical evidence agrees well with the results of previous experiments, including both field campaigns and water tank models. It is observed that the occurrence of streamwise inhomogeneities in the upslope flow field favors the occurrence of a multilayered vertical structure of the CBL near heated slopes. Multiple layering appears to be a transient feature, only persisting until sufficient heating causes the merging of the CBL with the overlying elevated turbulent layers. The analysis suggests that the slope steepness is an important factor in determining the speed at which the boundary layer structure near a slope evolves in time: in particular, the development of the wind system appears to occur faster in the vicinity of a steeper slope.

Crystal chemistry of the BaNbS system: A layer structure of approximate composition Ba2NbS4(S2)0.5

1985 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Swinnea ◽  
H. Steinfink ◽  
L.E.Rendón-Diaz Mirón ◽  
L. Banos-López
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Chemistry ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
System A ◽  
Approximate Composition

scholarly journals Met continuous monitoring naar continuous data level assurance: de volgende stap in interne beheersing

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 369-376
Author(s):  
Hans Verkruijsse
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Continuous Data ◽  
Internal Auditing ◽  
Data Level

Door allerlei technologische ontwikkelingen neemt de hoeveelheid elektronische data exponentieel toe. Eenzelfde ontwikkeling volgen de rekencapaciteit van computers en de datacommunicatiemogelijkheden. In het maatschappelijk verkeer verschuift de focus van documentuitwisseling naar data-uitwisseling. De vraag is dan ook gerechtvaardigd wat de waarde is van al die data. Zijn de huidige concepten van monitoring wel ingesteld op deze ontwikkeling? Het antwoord is helaas ontkennend. In dit artikel wordt ingegaan op een drietal nieuwe concepten die samen een oplossing kunnen bieden: (1) continuous monitoring, (2) continuous internal auditing en (3) continuous data level assurance. De concepten worden aan de hand van een framework toegelicht.

New Design for a Differentially Pumped Hydration Chamber for a Siemens IA

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
R. C. Moretz ◽  
G. G. Hausner ◽  
D. F. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Water Vapor Pressure ◽  
Biological Materials ◽  
Thin Membrane ◽  
Reliable System ◽  
System A ◽  
Water Films ◽  
Aperture Opening

Electron microscopy and diffraction of biological materials in the hydrated state requires the construction of a chamber in which the water vapor pressure can be maintained at saturation for a given specimen temperature, while minimally affecting the normal vacuum of the remainder of the microscope column. Initial studies with chambers closed by thin membrane windows showed that at the film thicknesses required for electron diffraction at 100 KV the window failure rate was too high to give a reliable system. A single stage, differentially pumped specimen hydration chamber was constructed, consisting of two apertures (70-100μ), which eliminated the necessity of thin membrane windows. This system was used to obtain electron diffraction and electron microscopy of water droplets and thin water films. However, a period of dehydration occurred during initial pumping of the microscope column. Although rehydration occurred within five minutes, biological materials were irreversibly damaged. Another limitation of this system was that the specimen grid was clamped between the apertures, thus limiting the yield of view to the aperture opening.

Backscattered Electron Imaging of GaAs/AlGaAs Super Lattice Structures with an Ultra-High- Resolution SEM

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
Kazumichi Ogura ◽  
Michael M. Kersker
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
Electron Beam Current ◽  
Lattice Structures ◽  
Super Lattice ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Backscattered Electron ◽  
Electron Imaging

Backscattered electron (BE) images of GaAs/AlGaAs super lattice structures were observed with an ultra high resolution (UHR) SEM JSM-890 with an ultra high sensitivity BE detector. Three different types of super lattice structures of GaAs/AlGaAs were examined. Each GaAs/AlGaAs wafer was cleaved by a razor after it was heated for approximately 1 minute and its crosssectional plane was observed.First, a multi-layer structure of GaAs (100nm)/AlGaAs (lOOnm) where A1 content was successively changed from 0.4 to 0.03 was observed. Figures 1 (a) and (b) are BE images taken at an accelerating voltage of 15kV with an electron beam current of 20pA. Figure 1 (c) is a sketch of this multi-layer structure corresponding to the BE images. The various layers are clearly observed. The differences in A1 content between A1 0.35 Ga 0.65 As, A1 0.4 Ga 0.6 As, and A1 0.31 Ga 0.69 As were clearly observed in the contrast of the BE image.

Generation of 4H and 6H Structures During the Hexagonal-Rhombohedral Transformation in Dy2Co17

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 38-39
Author(s):  
C. W. Allen ◽  
D. L. Kuruzar
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Transition Element ◽  
Temperature Structure ◽  
Allotropic Transformation ◽  
Layer Plane ◽  
Planar Defects ◽  
Topologically Close Packed ◽  
Transformation Mechanisms ◽  
Shear Transformation

The rare earth/transition element intermetallics R2T17 are essentially topologically close packed phases for which layer structure models have already been presented. Many of these compounds are known to undergo allotropic transformation of the type at elevated temperatures. It is not unexpected that shear transformation mechanisms are involved in view of the layering character of the structures. The transformations are evidently quite sluggish, illustrated in furnace cooled Dy2Co17 by the fact that only rarely has the low temperature rhombohedral form been seen. The more usual structures observed so far in furnace cooled alloys include 4H and 6H in Dy2Co17 (Figs. 1 and 2) . In any event it is quite clear that the general microstructure is very complicated as a consequence of the allotropy, illustrated in Fig. 3. Numerous planar defects in the layer plane orientation are evident as are non-layer plane defects inherited from a high temperature structure.

High-resolution electron microscopy of Cu2O surfaces

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 396-397
Author(s):  
V. Castano ◽  
W. Krakow
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Natural Extension ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Initial Oxidation ◽  
System A ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Surface Reconstructions ◽  
Atomic Surface ◽  
Au Thin Films

In non-UHV microscope environments atomic surface structure has been observed for flat-on for various orientations of Au thin films and edge-on for columns of atoms in small particles. The problem of oxidation of surfaces has only recently been reported from the point of view of high resolution microscopy revealing surface reconstructions for the Ag2O system. A natural extension of these initial oxidation studies is to explore other materials areas which are technologically more significant such as that of Cu2O, which will now be described.

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