Change in susceptibility response of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) to organophosphate insecticide and Copaifera oleoresin

Acta Tropica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 106014
Author(s):  
Josiane Somariva Prophiro ◽  
Mario Antonio Navarro da Silva ◽  
Joice Guilherme de Oliveira ◽  
Paula Fassicolo Variza ◽  
Alessandra B. de Lemos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Organophosphate Insecticide

scholarly journals Insecticide resistance in dengue vectors from hotspots in Selangor, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. e0009205
Author(s):  
Rosilawati Rasli ◽  
Yoon Ling Cheong ◽  
M. Khairuddin Che Ibrahim ◽  
Siti Futri Farahininajua Fikri ◽  
Rusydi Najmuddin Norzali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
World Health ◽  
Dengue Vector ◽  
Organophosphate Insecticide ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Dengue Vector Control

Background In Malaysia, dengue remains a top priority disease and usage of insecticides is the main method for dengue vector control. Limited baseline insecticide resistance data in dengue hotspots has prompted us to conduct this study. The present study reports the use of a map on the insecticide susceptibility status of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus to provide a quick visualization and overview of the distribution of insecticide resistance. Method and results The insecticide resistance status of Aedes populations collected from 24 dengue hotspot areas from the period of December 2018 until June 2019 was proactively monitored using the World Health Organization standard protocol for adult and larval susceptibility testing was conducted, together with elucidation of the mechanisms involved in observed resistance. For resistance monitoring, susceptibility to three adulticides (permethrin, deltamethrin, and malathion) was tested, as well as susceptibility to the larvicide, temephos. Data showed significant resistance to both deltamethrin and permethrin (pyrethroid insecticides), and to malathion (organophosphate insecticide) in all sampled Aedes aegypti populations, while variable resistance patterns were found in the sampled Aedes albopictus populations. Temephos resistance was observed when larvae were tested using the diagnostic dosage of 0.012mg/L but not at the operational dosage of 1mg/L for both species. Conclusion The present study highlights evidence of a potential threat to the effectiveness of insecticides currently used in dengue vector control, and the urgent requirement for insecticide resistance management to be integrated into the National Dengue Control Program.

scholarly journals Survei Entomologi, Kerentanan Aedes aegypti terhadap Insektisida Organofosfat, dan Identifikasi Gen VGSC di Dusun Malangrejo, Sleman, Yogyakarta

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Novyan Lusiyana ◽  
Siti Fitiah ◽  
Andrias Atmaja Putri ◽  
Muthia Tsabita Rahmi ◽  
Dian Maknalia Ilham
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Organophosphate Insecticide ◽  
Local Public Health ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Dengue Control ◽  
Enzyme Detection

Control and prevention effort of dengue haemorhagic fever relies on the application of insecticidesto control vector mosquito. In Indonesia, application of organophosphate insecticide (temephos andmalathion), and pyrethroid is a key part of the dengue control strategy. This study aimed to determine theentomological survey, susceptibility of Aedes aegypti against organophosphate insecticide and identificationof VGSC gene in Dusun Malangrejo, Sleman Yogyakarta. This study is an observational with a cross sectionaldesign. The entomology survey procedure used a single larvae technique, biological susceptibility test of Ae.aegypti against organophosphate insecticides using WHO (temephos), CDC (malathion), biochemistry andVGSC genes detection using PCR method. Results of this study showed that bath tub was potential breedingplace for Ae. aegypti. Susceptibility status of temephos was still tolerant (95.4%), while malathion showsresistance (13.75%). Bioassay and biochemical test shows potential resistant to insecticides due to elevatedactivity of esterase non specific enzyme. Detection of the VGSC gene shows positive for both genes (V1016G;S989P) and F1534C. Furthermore, regularly assessment of insecticide resistance status will hopefully assistthe local public health authorities to assign policy for managing mosquito control such as by rotation ofdifferent routinely used insecticide to delay Ae. aegypti resistance development.

scholarly journals Survei Entomologis dan Status Kerentanan Larva Aedes aegypti terhadap Insektisida Organofosfat di Desa Banguntapan Yogyakarta

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Novyan Lusiyana
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Breeding Site ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Indicator ◽  
Organophosphate Insecticide ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breeding Habitats ◽  
Medium Resistance ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Breeding Place

Aedes aegypti is a vector of many arboviruses. Information of the breeding site of this vector is important for preventing many diseases and for design intervention programs. This study was to determine the breeding place of Ae. aegypti, type of water-holding container and susceptibility for organophosphate insecticide in Banguntapan village. Design of this research was cross-sectional study that located in Banguntapan village from November 2016 until January 2017 on 400 houses.  All water holding container that present in and around houses were inspected for the presence of Ae. aegypti with single larvae method. Susceptibility test using bioassay and biochemist test was applied on F1 generation larvae. Risk indicator of the entomological survey was the free larvae index (FLI), house index, container index and breteau index. A total 696 container were inspected, of which 149 containers were positive Ae. aegypti, with FLI 73%, HI 27%, BI of 33%, CI 18.14% and PI of 17.5%. The most common breeding habitats for larvae were bathtub, bucket, plant’s pot, birds drinking pot. Susceptibility status to temephos was susceptible, whiles for organophosphate insecticide was medium resistance. Banguntapan village was a high potential for arbovirus transmission and bathtub is the most potential breeding place for Ae. aegypti mosquitoes.  

Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Papaya (Carica papaya) Terhadap Kematian Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti Instar III

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Payangka
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Organophosphate Insecticide ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Ekstrak daun papaya (Carica papaya) merupakan bahan larvasida alami yang mengandung papain dan alkaloid karpain sehingga penggunaannya aman bagi lingkungan. Sifat larvasidanya juga dapat diterapkan untuk mengurangi jumlah larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Nyamuk spesies ini adalah vektor utama untuk virus yang dapat menyebabkan demam dengue yang tingkat insidensinya semakin lama semakin meningkat. Sudah ada beberapa metode kontrol nyamuk yang dipakai, salah satunya adalah mengurangi jumlah larva nyamuk dengan menggunakan insektisida organofosfat kimiawi yang disebut sebagai temefos. Temefos sangat baik dalam membunuh larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti namun memiliki banyak efek samping terutama bagi lingkungan. Dengan mengontrol jumlah larva nyamuk ini diharapkan akan terjadi penurunan jumlah kasus demam dengue. Tujuan: Untuk membuktikan bahwa ekstrak daun pepaya (Carica papaya) dapat mempengaruhi kematian larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti instar III. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental menggunakan post test only control group design. Penelitian terdiri dari tujuh kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol positif yang diberi bubuk abate, kelompok kontrol negatif yang hanya diberi aquades dan lima kelompok perlakuan dengan konsentrasi 0,5%, 1%, 1,5%, 2%, dan 2,5%; diulang sebanyak empat kali. Penghitungan jumlah larva nyamuk yang mati dilakukan setelah 24 jam. Hasil: Berdasarkan uji Kruskal-Wallis didapatkan p<α dengan p=0,000 dan α=0,05. Hal ini membuktikan signifikansi penelitian. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak daun papaya (Carica papaya) dapat mempengaruhi kematian larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti instar III.   Kata Kunci: daun Carica papaya, demam dengue, Aedes aegypti   ABSTRACT Background: Papaya leaves (Carica papaya) extract is a natural larvacide that contains papain and alkaloid karpain so its usage is safe for the environment. The larvacide properties can also be used to reduce the amount of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. This mosquito species is the main vector for the virus that causes dengue fever which incident number increases over the years. There have been a few methods used to control the mosquito’s amount, one of which is by decreasing the number of Aedes aegypti’s larvae using the organophosphate insecticide chemical known as temefos. Temefos is really effective in killing the Aedes aegypti larvae but it has a lot of side effects especially towards the environment. By controlling the number of the Aedes aegypti’s larvae, hopefully the number of the dengue fever case can also be reduced. Objective: To prove that the papaya leaves (Carica papaya) extract have effects on the death of Aedes aegypti’s instar III larvae. Method: This is an experimental research what uses a post test only control group design. The study consists of seven groups, which are positive control that is given abate powder, negative control that is given only aquadest, and five groups treated with concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%; repeated for four times. The calculation of the amount of dead larvae is done within the first 24 hours. Result: Based on the Kruskal-Wallis test, p’s value is <α with p value being 0.000 and α being 0.05. It proves the significance of the experiment. Conclusion: The papaya leaves (Carica papaya) extract have effects on the death of Aedes aegypti’s instar III larvae.   Keywords: Carica papaya leaves, dengue fever, Aedes aegypti

scholarly journals PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN PEPAYA (Carica papaya) TERHADAP KEMATIAN LARVA NYAMUK Aedes agypti INSTAR III

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Jonathan Payangka ◽  
Risma Risma ◽  
Prajogo Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Organophosphate Insecticide ◽  
Control Group Design

Background: Papaya leaves (Carica papaya) extract is a natural larvacide that contains papain and alkaloid karpain so its usage is safe for the environment. The larvacide properties can also be used to reduce the amount of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. This mosquito species is the main vector for the virus that causes dengue fever which incident number increases over the years. There have been a few methods used to control the mosquito’s amount, one of which is by decreasing the number of Aedes aegypti’s larvae using the organophosphate insecticide chemical known as temefos. Temefos is really effective in killing the Aedes aegypti larvae but it has a lot of side effects especially towards the environment. By controlling the number of the Aedes aegypti’s larvae, hopefully the number of the dengue fever case can also be reduced. Objective: To prove that the papaya leaves (Carica papaya) extract have effects on the death of Aedes aegypti’s instar III larvae. Method: This is an experimental research what uses a post test only control group design. The study consists of seven groups, which are positive control that is given abate powder, negative control that is given only aquadest, and five groups treated with concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%; repeated for four times. The calculation of the amount of dead larvae is done within the first 24 hours. Result: Based on the Kruskal-Wallis test, p’s value is <α with p value being 0.000 and α being 0.05. It proves the significance of the experiment. Conclusion: The papaya leaves (Carica papaya) extract have effects on the death of Aedes aegypti’s instar III larvae

GAMBARAN INDEKS LARVA AEDES AEGYPTI DI BUFFER WILAYAH KERJA BANDARA SEPINGGAN BALIKPAPAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdurrakhman abdurrakhman Abdurrakhman
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Transportation Equipment ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Larvae Density

ABSTRACT : The House index and Container Index in the buffer area of ​​the working area of ​​Balikpapan Sepinggan Airport is still above 1%, so the potential for the spread of dengue disease. Mobilization of people, goods and transportation equipment will increasingly affect the transmission of disease in ports and airports, especially for vector-borne diseases. This study aims to analyze the risk factors associated with larvae density of Aedes aegypti and describe the larvae index in the buffer zone of the Sepinggan Balikpapan Airport This study was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. The sample in this study was 121 houses with a proportionate stratified random sampling, the research location was in the buffer zone of Sepinggan Balikpapan Airport in November 2018. The variables studied were houses with positive larvae containers, breeding sites and PSN behavior and larvasidation. The data was analyzed using the chi square test. There was a relationship between houses with larvae positive Aedes aegypti, behavior of Mosquito Nest Eradication (PSN) and larvasidation with larvae density of Aedes aegypti but not for breeding sites (p = 0.00 and 95% CI = 0.64), and   (p = 0.00 and 95% CI = 0.34). The description of several Aedes aegypti larvae index, namely House Index (HI) = 57.02%, Container Index (CI) = 24.36%, Bruteau Index (BI) = 148.76, and Flick Free Numbers (ABJ) = 42.98 %. Houses with larvae of Aedes aegypti larvae and PSN and larvasidation behavior were associated with larvae density of Aedes aegypti. The index of HI, CI and BI larvae is of high value so there is a risk of DBD transmission

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