The relationship between air pollutants and respiratory diseases for the western Turkey

Background. The relationship between air pollution and exacerbation of respiratory diseases is well established. Nevertheless, its association with hemoptysis has been poorly investigated. This paper describes the relationship of air pollutants with severe hemoptysis.Methods. All consecutive subjects with severe hemoptysis during a 5-year period were included. The relationship between the contamination measurements and the frequency of embolizations was analyzed using Poisson regressions. In these regressions, the dependent variable was the monthly number of embolizations in a given month and the independent variable was either the concentration of an air contaminant during the same month, the concentration of the air contaminant during the previous month, or the difference between the two.Results. A higher total number of embolizations per month were observed over the months with increases in the concentration of NO. The number of embolizations was 2.0 in the 33 months with no increases in the concentration of NO, 2.1 in the 12 months with small increases, 2.2 in the 5 months with moderate increases, 2.5 in the 4 months with large increases, and 4.0 in the 5 months with very large increases.Conclusion. There is association between hemoptysis and increases in the concentration of atmospheric NO in Badalona (Spain).

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Air pollution increases the risk of pulmonary embolism: a meta-analysis

Reviews on Environmental Health ◽

10.1515/reveh-2021-0035 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Huangtai Miao ◽

Xiaoying Li ◽

Xiao Wang ◽

Shaoping Nie

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Pulmonary Embolism ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Objectives Air pollution can lead to many cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, but the impact of air pollution on pulmonary embolism is still uncertain. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the relationship between air pollution and pulmonary embolism. Content We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochran Library for citations on air pollutants (carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone and particulate matter) and pulmonary embolism. A total of nine citations met the inclusion criteria. There is no evidence of bias. CO, SO2, PM10 and PM2.5 had no significant effect on the occurrence of pulmonary embolism. NO2 and O3 can increase the risk of pulmonary embolism to a small extent. Summary This meta-analysis suggests that some air pollutants are associated with an increased risk of pulmonary embolism. Outlook Reducing air pollution and improving air quality can effectively reduce the risk of pulmonary embolism.

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The modification effect of temperature on the relationship between air pollutants and daily incidence of influenza in Ningbo, China

Respiratory Research ◽

10.1186/s12931-021-01744-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rui Zhang ◽

Yujie Meng ◽

Hejia Song ◽

Ran Niu ◽

Yu Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

High Temperature ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Meteorological Data ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Distributed Lag ◽

Modification Effect ◽

Incidence Risk ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background Although exposure to air pollution has been linked to many health issues, few studies have quantified the modification effect of temperature on the relationship between air pollutants and daily incidence of influenza in Ningbo, China. Methods The data of daily incidence of influenza and the relevant meteorological data and air pollution data in Ningbo from 2014 to 2017 were retrieved. Low, medium and high temperature layers were stratified by the daily mean temperature with 25th and 75th percentiles. The potential modification effect of temperature on the relationship between air pollutants and daily incidence of influenza in Ningbo was investigated through analyzing the effects of air pollutants stratified by temperature stratum using distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM). Stratified analysis by sex and age were also conducted. Results Overall, a 10 μg/m3 increment of O3, PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 could increase the incidence risk of influenza with the cumulative relative risk of 1.028 (95% CI 1.007, 1.050), 1.061 (95% CI 1.004, 1.122), 1.043 (95% CI 1.003, 1.085), and 1.118 (95% CI 1.028, 1.216), respectively. Male and aged 7–17 years were more sensitive to air pollutants. Through the temperature stratification analysis, we found that temperature could modify the impacts of air pollution on daily incidence of influenza with high temperature exacerbating the impact of air pollutants. At high temperature layer, male and the groups aged 0–6 years and 18–64 years were more sensitive to air pollution. Conclusion Temperature modified the relationship between air pollution and daily incidence of influenza and high temperature would exacerbate the effects of air pollutants in Ningbo.

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Socioeconomic inequalities and exposure to traffic-related air pollution in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/0102-311x00168412 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 119-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mateus Habermann ◽

Míriam Souza ◽

Rogério Prado ◽

Nelson Gouveia

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Health Concern ◽

Traffic Density ◽

São Paulo ◽

The Relationship ◽

The City

Air pollution is a leading public health concern. In addition, poor populations have been reported as showing increased exposure to such pollution. The current study thus aimed to evaluate the socioeconomic status of the population exposed to vehicle-related air pollution in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The study used data from the 2010 Census on head-of-household’s mean monthly income and the percentage of households connected to the sewage system. Exposure to air pollutants was estimated according to traffic density in the census tract plus a 200m surrounding buffer. The relationship between exposure and socioeconomic variables was analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test. Exposure increased with increasing socioeconomic status (p < 0.001). The population with the highest socioeconomic status lives in the most polluted areas of the city. However, place of residence alone is not capable of measuring exposure. The study suggests that future epidemiological studies include other indicators of vulnerability.

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Pre-harvest cane burning and health: the association between school absences and burning sugarcane fields

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0034-8910.2015049005641 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 49 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carla Cabrini Mauro ◽

Vera Lúcia Silveira Bota Ferrante ◽

Marcos Abdo Arbex ◽

Maria Lúcia Ribeiro ◽

Romeu Magnani

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Total Concentration ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Respiratory Problems ◽

Suspended Particulate ◽

School Absences ◽

The Relationship ◽

The City ◽

Matter Concentration

The objective of this study was to investigate an association between pre-harvest sugarcane burning and respiratory diseases in children under five years of age. The following data were collected in five schools in the city of Araraquara, SP, Southeastern Brazil, between March and June 2009: daily records of absences and the reasons stated for these absences, total concentration of suspended particulate matter (µg/m3), and air humidity. The relationship between the percentage of school absences due to respiratory problems and the concentration of particulate matter in March and from April to June presented a distinct behavior: absences increased alongside the increase in particulate matter concentration. The use of school absences as indicators of this relationship is an innovative approach.

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Monsoon Impact on the Air Quality During SAR-CoV-2 Pandemic Spread in Central Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah: Pre, During and Post Lockdown Scenarios

Journal of Climate Change ◽

10.3233/jcc210019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 57-68

Author(s):

M.V. Prasanna ◽

S. Chidambaram

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Movement Control ◽

Peninsular Malaysia ◽

Hysplit Model ◽

High Precipitation ◽

Control Order ◽

Time Frames ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Malaysia is considered as one of the countries with the highest novel corona virus (COVID-19) infected cases in Southeast Asia. Recent studies have identified that the air quality of a region also governs the transmission of the virus through pollutants. Hence, a study was conducted to assess the influence of air quality on the COVID-19 pandemic spread in central Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah. An attempt was also made to infer the effect of monsoonal precipitation on air quality. Central Peninsular Malaysia consists of major cities like Kuala Lumpur, Selangor and Putrajaya. These cities are highly populated, with the expansion of industrial activities, rapid urbanisation and greater usage of vehicles has resulted in air quality deterioration. Such conditions have led to related public health issues, compared to Sabah in east Malaysia. In this study, COVID-19 infected cases, air quality index (AQI) and precipitation data were collected from 25 January to August 2020 to infer the relationship of air quality to the pandemic spread before, during and after the implementation of lockdown periods in the country, referred as movement control order (MCO). The lockdown periods fall under various monsoon climate patterns in the country. Interpretation of data reveals that the variation in air quality correlates with the infected cases. Improved air quality was observed during the last phase of MCO with a lesser number of infected cases. The HYSPLIT model was adopted to study the backward air mass trajectories for different time frames to identify the variation in the sources of pollutants reaching the study area. The study determined that the air pollutants have reached the study area from various directions, reflecting a mixed contribution from the ocean and land area. The relationship between high precipitation (during inter-monsoon and SW monsoon) and improved air quality reveals the washout effect of air pollutants. The outcome of this study inferred that the variation of air quality and precipitation rates facilitate the pandemic spread in this region in addition to the other meteorological factors, apart from individual immune capacity and social distancing.

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Artrite Reumatoide e a Poluição do Ar

UNICIÊNCIAS ◽

10.17921/1415-5141.2020v24n2p195-200 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 195-200

Author(s):

Dayane Dos Santos Souza Magalhães ◽

Leticia Rosa Espírito Santo de Freitas ◽

Maria Amélia Dos Santos Peres Santos Souza ◽

Vander Fernandes ◽

Walkiria Shimoya-Bittencourt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Activity Index ◽

Age Groups ◽

Unknown Etiology ◽

World Population ◽

Artrite Reumatoide ◽

The Relationship

A artrite reumatoide é uma doença inflamatória, crônica, autoimune, sistêmica e progressiva com etiologia ainda desconhecida, que causa danos progressivos ao sistema musculoesquelético. Esta doença atinge aproximadamente 0,5% a 1% da população mundial, predomina no sexo feminino e acomete todas as faixas etárias com maior prevalência entre 40-60 anos. A atividade da doença é avaliada pelo Índice de Atividade da Doença (DAS28) analisando 28 articulações. Estudos demonstram que a poluição atmosférica está associada aos agravos à saúde humana e à perda de qualidade de vida. Este estudo teve como objetivo relatar o papel da poluição atmosférica na artrite reumatoide, através de uma revisão narrativa de literatura, a partir das bases de dados PubMed e Scielo. Incluíram-se artigos nos idiomas inglês e português publicados em periódicos, nacionais e internacionais, acerca da temática da pesquisa. A relação entre o desenvolvimento da AR e diferentes poluentes atmosféricos foi analisada em diversos estudos, que demostraram associação entre diferentes poluentes atmosféricos e o desenvolvimento da doença, no entanto, nenhum estudo publicado até a data atual, avaliou a relação com a exacerbação da atividade da doença. Palavras-chave: Artrite Reumatoide. Poluição do Ar. Doenças Autoimunes. Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory, chronic, autoimmune, systemic and progressive disease with a still unknown etiology that causes progressive damage to the musculoskeletal system. This disease affects approximately 0.5% to 1% of the world population, predominates in females and affects all age groups with a higher prevalence between 40-60 years. The disease activity is assessed by the Disease Activity Index (DAS28) analyzing 28 joints. Studies show that air pollution is associated with damage to human health and loss of quality of life. This study aimed to report the role of air pollution in rheumatoid arthritis, through a literature narrative review, using the PubMed and Scielo databases. Articles in English and Portuguese published in national and international journals about the research theme were included. The relationship between the RA development and different air pollutants has been analyzed in several studies, which showed an association between different air pollutants and the development of the disease, however, no study published to date has evaluated the relationship with the disease activity exacerbation. Keywords: Rheumatoid Arthritis. Air Pollution. Autoimmune Diseases.

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Dante’s kindling box

University of Western Ontario Medical Journal ◽

10.5206/uwomj.v86i1.2147 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

pp. 22-23

Author(s):

Josiah Marquis ◽

Meriem Benlamri ◽

Elizabeth Dent ◽

Tharmitha Suyeshkumar

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Forest Fire ◽

Biomass Burning ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Forest Fires ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Local Environment ◽

Hazardous Air Pollutants ◽

Area Burned ◽

The Relationship

Almost half of the Canadian landscape is made up of forests, but the amount of forest surface area burned every year has been growing steadily since 1960.1 This can be problematic due to the effects that forest fires have not only on the local environment but also on the globe as a whole. A forest fire or vegetation fire is defined as any open fire of vegetation such as savannah, forest, agriculture, or peat that is initiated by humans or nature.2 Vegetation fires contribute heavily to air pollution and climate change and are in turn exacerbated by them as well. Air pollution increases due to emissions from these fires, which contain 90-95% carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide as well as methane and other volatile compounds.2 Emissions from forest fires also contribute to global greenhouse gases and aerosol particles (biomass burning organic aerosols),2 leading to indirect and direct consequences to human health. In contrast to biomass burning for household heating and cooking, catastrophic events of forest fires and sweeping grassland fires result in unique exposures and health consequences. In this case report, the relationship between environmental hazardous air pollutants and the potential physiological and psychological health effects associated with the forest fire that affected Fort McMurray, AB in May 2016 are considered.

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