Changes in metabolism and immunity in response to acute salinity stress in Chinese razor clams from different regions

The flower industry depends on oil and fragrance, which is addressed in the current work. Different concentrations of NaCl (0, 250, 500, 1000, and 1500 ppm) were applied to Taif rose plants (Rosa damascena var. trigintipetala Dieck) to evaluate their effects on growth and essential oil content. Results clearly indicated the highest survival percentage (98.3%) was seen in untreated plants compared to plants under salinity stress. Moreover, increasing the NaCl levels induced an adverse effect on the growth parameters of Taif rose plants, while some essential oil contents were increased to the maximum degree of their tolerance to salinity stress. The extracted essential oils were analyzed using GC/MS. The essential oils of Taif rose plants treated with 500 ppm NaCl recorded the highest values of citronellol, geraniol and phenylethyl alcohol contents (16.56, 8.67 and 9.87%), respectively. NaCl at 250 ppm produced the highest values of heneicosane (13.12%), and then decreased to the lowest value (7.79%) with the increase of NaCl to 1500 NaCl, compared to the control and other NaCl levels. The current results could highlight the impact of salinity stress on Rosa damascena Miller var. trigintipetala Dieck for better economic and industrial applications.

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Effects of Salinity and Rootstock on Nutrient Element Concentrations and Physiology in Own-Rooted or Grafted to 1103 P and 101-14 Mgt Rootstocks of Merlot and Cabernet Franc Grapevine Cultivars under Climate Change

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13052477 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 2477

Author(s):

Kleopatra-Eleni Nikolaou ◽

Theocharis Chatzistathis ◽

Serafeim Theocharis ◽

Anagnostis Argiriou ◽

Stefanos Koundouras ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salinity Stress ◽

Saline Water ◽

Chlorophyll Concentration ◽

Co2 Assimilation ◽

Significant Rise ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Salt Treatment ◽

Cabernet Franc ◽

Mediterranean Regions ◽

Climate Crisis

Under the current and future climate crisis, a significant rise in soil salinity will likely affect vine productivity in several Mediterranean regions. During the present research, the rootstock effects on salinity tolerance of Merlot and Cabernet Franc grapevine cultivars were studied. In a pot hydroponic culture, own-rooted Merlot and Cabernet Franc grapevine cultivars or grafted onto the rootstocks 1103 P and 101-14 Mgt were drip-irrigated with saline water. A completely randomized 3 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment was designed with two vine rootstocks or own-rooted vines, two scion cultivars, and 100 mM NaCl salinity or control treatments, with six replications. A significant effect of scion cultivar, rootstock, and salinity was observed for most of the measured parameters. At the end of salinity stress period, leaf, shoot, root, and trunk nutrient concentrations were measured. Salinity stress increased Chloride (Cl−) and Sodium (Na+) concentrations in all parts of the vines and decreased leaf concentrations of Potassium (K+), Calcium (Ca+2), Magnesium (Mg+2), Nitrogen (N), and Iron (Fe). In contrast, salinity stress increased leaf Boron (B) concentrations, whereas that of Manganese (Mn) remained unaffected. Leaf chlorophyll concentration decreased from 42% to 40% after thirty and sixty days of salt treatment, respectively. A similar trend was observed for the CCM-200 relative chlorophyll content. Salinity significantly decreased steam water potential (Ws), net CO2 assimilation rate (A), and stomatal conductance(gs) in all cases of grafted or own-rooted vines. Sixty days after the beginning of salt treatment, total Phenolics and PSII maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) decreased significantly. The rootstock 1103 P seems to be a better excluder for Na+ and Cl− and more tolerant to salinity compared to 101-14 Mgt rootstock.

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Potassium-enriched clinoptilolite zeolite mitigates the adverse impacts of salinity stress in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) by increasing silicon absorption and improving the K/Na ratio

Journal of Environmental Management ◽

10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112142 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 285 ◽

pp. 112142

Author(s):

Ebrahim Rahimi ◽

Farzad Nazari ◽

Taimoor Javadi ◽

Saadi Samadi ◽

Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva

Keyword(s):

Lolium Perenne ◽

Salinity Stress ◽

Perennial Ryegrass ◽

Lolium Perenne L ◽

Adverse Impacts ◽

Clinoptilolite Zeolite

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Differential responses of roots for varying tolerance to salinity stress in wheat with special reference to elasticity

Plant Growth Regulation ◽

10.1007/s10725-021-00707-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yang Shao ◽

Ping An ◽

Xiaohui Feng ◽

Irshad Muhammad ◽

Victoria Otie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Special Reference ◽

Salinity Stress ◽

Differential Responses ◽

Tolerance To Salinity

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Transcriptomic Analysis of Rice Plants Overexpressing PsGAPDH in Response to Salinity Stress

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes12050641 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 641

Author(s):

Hyemin Lim ◽

Hyunju Hwang ◽

Taelim Kim ◽

Soyoung Kim ◽

Hoyong Chung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Salinity Stress ◽

Functional Enrichment ◽

Differentially Expressed ◽

Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽

Sequencing Data ◽

Illumina Hiseq ◽

Rice Plants ◽

Significant Difference

In plants, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a main enzyme in the glycolytic pathway. It plays an essential role in glycerolipid metabolism and response to various stresses. To examine the function of PsGAPDH (Pleurotus sajor-caju GAPDH) in response to abiotic stress, we generated transgenic rice plants with single-copy/intergenic/homozygous overexpression PsGAPDH (PsGAPDH-OX) and investigated their responses to salinity stress. Seedling growth and germination rates of PsGAPDH-OX were significantly increased under salt stress conditions compared to those of the wild type. To elucidate the role of PsGAPDH-OX in salt stress tolerance of rice, an Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform was used to analyze transcriptome profiles of leaves under salt stress. Analysis results of sequencing data showed that 1124 transcripts were differentially expressed. Using the list of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), functional enrichment analyses of DEGs such as Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were performed. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that unigenes exhibiting differential expression were involved in starch and sucrose metabolism. Interestingly, trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) genes, of which expression was enhanced by abiotic stress, showed a significant difference in PsGAPDH-OX. Findings of this study suggest that PsGAPDH plays a role in the adaptation of rice plants to salt stress.

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