Oxidative stress is associated with weight gain in recipients at 12-months following kidney transplantation

Doxorubicin (DOX), an anticancer drug, causes a dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Some evidence suggests that female children have an increased risk for DOX-mediated cardiac damage. To determine whether the iron chelator dexrazoxane (DXR) could reduce DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in the young, we injected day 10 neonate female and male rat pups with a single dose of saline or DOX, DXR, or DXR + DOX (20:1). We followed body weight gain with growth, measured cardiac hypertrophy after a 2-wk swim exercise program, markers of apoptosis (Bcl-2, BAX, BNIP1, caspase 3 activation), oxidative stress (heme oxygenase 1, protein carbonyl levels), the chaperone protein clusterin, and the transcriptional activator early growth response gene-1 (Egr-1) in hearts of nonexercised and exercised rats on neonate day 38. All DOX-alone and DXR + DOX-treated rats showed decreased weight gain, with female rats affected earlier than male rats. DXR-alone, DOX-alone, and DXR + DOX-treated rats had an increased heart weight-to-body weight (heart wt/body wt) ratio after the exercise program with female rats showing the largest increase in heart wt/body wt. Drug-treated females also showed increased cardiac apoptosis, as measured by the increased expression of the proapoptotic proteins BAX and BNIP1 and the appearance of caspase 3 activation products, and oxidative stress, as measured by increased heme oxygenase 1 expression, and reduced Egr-1 and clusterin expression when compared with the similarly treated male rats. We conclude that DXR preinjection did not reduce DOX-induced noncardiac and cardiac damage and that young female rats were more susceptible to DXR and DOX toxicities than age-matched male rats.

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Encapsulated Mulberry Fruit Extract Alleviates Changes in an Animal Model of Menopause with Metabolic Syndrome

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2019/5360560 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jintanaporn Wattanathorn ◽

Supannika Kawvised ◽

Wipawee Thukham-mee

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Protein Expression ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

Fruit Extract ◽

Mulberry Fruit ◽

Oxidative Stress Status

Currently, the therapeutic strategy against metabolic syndrome and its complications is required due to the increasing prevalence and its impact. Due to the benefits of both mulberry fruit extract and encapsulation technology, we hypothesized that encapsulated mulberry fruit extract (MME) could improve metabolic parameters and its complication risk in postmenopausal metabolic syndrome. To test this hypothesis, female Wistar rats were induced experimental menopause with metabolic syndrome by bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) and high-carbohydrate high-fat (HCHF) diet. Then, they were orally given MME at doses of 10, 50, and 250 mg/kg BW for 8 weeks and the parameters, such as percentage of body weight gain, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C, atherogenic index, fasting blood glucose, plasma glucose area under the curve, serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), oxidative stress status, histology, and protein expression of PPAR-γ, TNF-α, and NF-κB in adipose tissues were determined. MME improved body weight gain, adiposity index, glucose intolerance, lipid profiles, atherogenic index, ACE, oxidative stress status, and protein expression of TNF-αand NF-κB. Moreover, MME attenuated adipocyte hypertrophy and enhanced PPAR-γexpression. Taken altogether, MME decreased metabolic syndrome and its complication via the increased PPAR-γexpression. Therefore, MME is the potential candidate for improving metabolic syndrome and its related complications. However, further research in clinical trial is still necessary.

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Plasma Protein Carbonyls as Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease, Dialysis, and Transplantation

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2020/2975256 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Graziano Colombo ◽

Francesco Reggiani ◽

Claudio Angelini ◽

Silvia Finazzi ◽

Emanuela Astori ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Kidney Transplantation ◽

Renal Replacement Therapy ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Plasma Protein ◽

Protein Carbonyls ◽

Ckd Progression ◽

Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

Accumulating evidence indicates that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathophysiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its progression; during renal replacement therapy, oxidative stress-derived oxidative damage also contributes to the development of CKD systemic complications, such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, atherosclerosis, inflammation, anaemia, and impaired host defence. The main mechanism underlying these events is the retention of uremic toxins, which act as a substrate for oxidative processes and elicit the activation of inflammatory pathways targeting endothelial and immune cells. Due to the growing worldwide spread of CKD, there is an overwhelming need to find oxidative damage biomarkers that are easy to measure in biological fluids of subjects with CKD and patients undergoing renal replacement therapy (haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplantation), in order to overcome limitations of invasive monitoring of CKD progression. Several studies investigated biomarkers of protein oxidative damage in CKD, including plasma protein carbonyls (PCO), the most frequently used biomarker of protein damage. This review provides an up-to-date overview on advances concerning the correlation between plasma protein carbonylation in CKD progression (from stage 1 to stage 5) and the possibility that haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplantation improve plasma PCO levels. Despite the fact that the role of plasma PCO in CKD is often underestimated in clinical practice, emerging evidence highlights that plasma PCO can serve as good biomarkers of oxidative stress in CKD and substitutive therapies. Whether plasma PCO levels merely serve as biomarkers of CKD-related oxidative stress or whether they are associated with the pathogenesis of CKD complications deserves further evaluation.

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A Hazelnut-Enriched Diet Modulates Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Gene Expression without Weight Gain

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2019/4683723 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Laura Di Renzo ◽

Giorgia Cioccoloni ◽

Sergio Bernardini ◽

Ludovico Abenavoli ◽

Vincenzo Aiello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Body Composition ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Corylus Avellana ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

Antioxidant Genes ◽

Body Composition Analysis ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Corylus Avellana L

Introduction. Inflammation is associated with obesity condition and plays a pivotal role in the onset and progression of many chronic diseases. Among several nutraceutical foods, hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.) are considered an excellent anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic food being the second richest source of monounsaturated fatty acids among nuts and because they are rich in vitamins, minerals, and phenolic compounds. Materials and Methods. A prospective pilot clinical trial on 24 healthy volunteers who consumed daily, as a snack, 40 g of hazelnuts (261.99 kcal/1096.17 kJ) for six weeks was conducted. Anthropometric measurements, body composition analysis, and nutrigenomic analysis on 12 anti-inflammatory and antioxidant genes were evaluated at baseline (T0) and after hazelnut intervention (T1). Results. No significant changes were detected on body composition analysis after hazelnut consumption. Conversely, significant upregulation was detected for SOD1 (2−ΔΔCt=2.42), CAT (2−ΔΔCt=2.41), MIF (2−ΔΔCt=4.12), PPARγ (2−ΔΔCt=5.89), VDR (2−ΔΔCt=3.61), MTHFR (2−ΔΔCt=2.40), and ACE (2−ΔΔCt=2.16) at the end of the study. Conclusions. According to emerging evidences, hazelnut consumption does not lead to weight gain probably due to the improvement of the body’s antioxidant capacity by the upregulation of genes implied in oxidant reactions and inflammation.

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Insecticide chlorpyrifos and fungicide carbendazim, common food contaminants mixture, induce hepatic, renal, and splenic oxidative damage in female rats

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/0960327116652459 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. 483-493 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

AO Abolaji ◽

IO Awogbindin ◽

IA Adedara ◽

EO Farombi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

The Body ◽

Female Rats ◽

Exposure Group ◽

Food Contaminants ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes Activities

The fungicide carbendazim (CBZ) and insecticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) are currently applied together by farmers for the control of pests. Here, we investigated the impacts of 7 days oral co-exposure to 10 mg/kg body weight of CPF and 50 mg/kg body weight of CBZ on selected oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarkers in the liver, kidney, and spleen of female rats. The results showed that while the body weight gain and relative organ weights were not significantly affected after separate exposure to CPF and CBZ, there was a significant decrease in the body weight gain with concomitant increases in the relative kidney and spleen weights of rats treated with the mixture. Also, CPF and CBZ co-exposure significantly increased the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, and creatinine ( p < 0.05) when compared with the groups treated with CBZ or CPF alone and the control. The significant decreases in both antioxidant enzymes activities and nonenzymatic antioxidant level following individual administration of CPF and CBZ to rats were intensified in the co-exposure group ( p < 0.05). Additionally, the marked increases in the levels of oxidative stress indices in liver, kidney, and spleen of rats treated with CPF or CBZ alone were intensified in the co-exposure group ( p < 0.05). Histopathologically, co-exposure to CPF and CBZ exacerbates their individual effects on the liver, kidney, and spleen. These findings showed that co-exposure to CPF and CBZ in rats elicited more severe oxidative damage on the liver, kidney, and spleen of the rats, indicative of an additive effect compared to CPF or CBZ alone and as such, may pose a greater environmental risk to humans.

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Genistein supplementation prevents weight gain but promotes oxidative stress and inflammation in the vasculature of female obese ob/ob mice

Nutrition Research ◽

10.1016/j.nutres.2016.03.011 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (8) ◽

pp. 789-797 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Anna Simperova ◽

Layla Al-Nakkash ◽

James J. Faust ◽

Karen L. Sweazea

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Weight Gain

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Change in Serum Lipid Peroxide as an Oxidative Stress Marker and Its Effects on Kidney Function After Successful Kidney Transplantation

Transplantation Proceedings ◽

10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.02.033 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 729-732 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

D.J. Joo ◽

K.H. Huh ◽

Y. Cho ◽

J.H. Jeong ◽

J.Y. Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Kidney Transplantation ◽

Kidney Function ◽

Serum Lipid ◽

Lipid Peroxide ◽

Oxidative Stress Marker ◽

Stress Marker ◽

Serum Lipid Peroxide

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Weighing the waitlist: Weight changes and access to kidney transplantation among obese candidates

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0242784 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. e0242784

Author(s):

Elaine Ku ◽

Adrian M. Whelan ◽

Charles E. McCulloch ◽

Brian Lee ◽

Claus U. Niemann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Kidney Transplantation ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Body Mass ◽

Deceased Donor ◽

Weight Changes ◽

Living Donor Transplantation ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

End Stage

High body mass index is a known barrier to access to kidney transplantation in patients with end-stage kidney disease. The extent to which weight and weight changes affect access to transplantation among obese candidates differentially by race/ethnicity has received little attention. We included 10 221 obese patients waitlisted for kidney transplantation prior to end-stage kidney disease onset between 1995–2015. We used multinomial logistic regression models to examine the association between race/ethnicity and annualized change in body mass index (defined as stable [-2 to 2 kg/m2/year], loss [>2 kg/m2/year] or gain [>2 kg/m2/year]). We then used Fine-Gray models to examine the association between weight changes and access to living or deceased donor transplantation by race/ethnicity, accounting for the competing risk of death. Overall, 29% of the cohort lost weight and 7% gained weight; 46% received a transplant. Non-Hispanic blacks had a 24% (95% CI 1.12–1.38) higher odds of weight loss and 22% lower odds of weight gain (95% CI 0.64–0.95) compared with non-Hispanic whites. Hispanics did not differ from whites in their odds of weight loss or weight gain. Overall, weight gain was associated with lower access to transplantation (HR 0.88 [95% CI 0.79–0.99]) compared with maintenance of stable weight, but weight loss was not associated with better access to transplantation (HR 0.96 [95% CI 0.90–1.02]), although this relation differed by baseline body mass index and for recipients of living versus deceased donor organs. For example, weight loss was associated with improved access to living donor transplantation (HR 1.24 [95% CI 1.07–1.44]) in whites but not in blacks or Hispanics. In a cohort of obese patients waitlisted before dialysis, blacks were more likely to lose weight and less likely to gain weight compared with whites. Weight loss was only associated with improved access to living donor transplantation among whites. Further studies are needed to understand the reasons for the observed associations.

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Antioxidant Activity of Sprouts Extracts Is Correlated with Their Anti-Obesity and Anti-Inflammatory Effects in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2021/8367802 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Chung Shil Kwak ◽

Mi-Ju Kim ◽

Sunyeong Park ◽

In Gyu Kim

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Body Weight ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Adipocyte Size ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Visceral Adipose

Obesity is closely associated with oxidative stress and chronic inflammation leading to related metabolic diseases. Some natural extracts or polyphenols reportedly possess anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects as well as antioxidant activity. In this study, we assessed the correlations between the antioxidant, anti-obesity, and anti-inflammatory activities of plant extracts with potent antioxidant activity in diet-induced obese mice. Sprouts of Cedrela sinensis (CS) and Oenothera biennis L. (OB) were selected as the most potent antioxidant plant based on analysis of in vitro antioxidant activity of the extracts of ten different edible plants. C57BL/6 mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) and orally treated with 50% ethanol extract of CS or OB at 50 or 100 mg/kg body weight 5 days a week for 14 weeks. Body weight gain, weight of adipose tissue, adipocyte size, and levels of lipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress markers were investigated. The CS or OB extract reduced body weight gain, visceral adipose tissue weight, adipocyte size, and plasma leptin levels, and expressions of adipogenic genes (PPARγ and fatty acid synthase) in the adipose tissue and liver of HFD-fed mice. Both extracts also reduced mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and oxidative stress-related genes (heme oxygenase- (HO-) 1 and p40phox). Body weight gain of mice was significantly correlated with visceral adipose tissue weight and adipocyte size. Body weight gain and adipocyte size were significantly correlated with plasma total cholesterol and 8-epi PGF2α levels, mRNA levels of leptin, HO-1, p40phox, and CD-11 in the adipose tissue, and mRNA levels of TNF-α in the adipose tissue and liver. These results suggest that the CS and OB extracts with potent antioxidant activity may inhibit fat deposition in adipose tissue and subsequent inflammation.

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Gestational Weight Gain Influences the Adipokine-Oxidative Stress Association during Pregnancy

Obesity Facts ◽

10.1159/000518639 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Juan Mario Solis Paredes ◽

Otilia Perichart Perera ◽

Araceli Montoya Estrada ◽

Enrique Reyes Muñoz ◽

Salvador Espino y Sosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Future Health ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Metabolic Marker ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Introduction and Objective: The weight gained during pregnancy could determine the immediate and future health of the mother-child dyad. Excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) due to abnormal adipose tissue (AT) accumulation is strongly associated with adverse perinatal outcomes as gestational diabetes, macrosomia, obesity, and hypertension further in life. Dysregulation of adipokine, AT dysfunction, and an imbalance in the prooxidant-antioxidant systems are critical features in altered AT accumulation. This study was aimed to investigate the association between adipokines and oxidative stress markers in pregnant women and the influence of the GWG on this association. Methods: Maternal blood samples were obtained in the third trimester of pregnancy (n = 74) and serum adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, and resistin), oxidative damage markers: 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), lipohydroperoxides (LOOH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and carbonylated proteins (CP), and glucose a metabolic marker were measured. Results: Women with EGWG had low adiponectin levels than women with adequate weight gain (AWG) or insufficient weight gain (IWG). Multiple linear regression models revealed a positive association between adiponectin and 8-oxodG in women with AWG (B = 1.09, 95% CI: 164–222, p = 0.027) and IWG (B = 0.860, 95% CI: 0.199–1.52, p = 0.013) but not in women with EGWG. In women with EGWG, leptin was positively associated with LOOH (p = 0.018), MDA (p = 0.005), and CP (p = 0.010) oxidative markers. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that concurrent mechanisms regulate adipokine production and oxidative stress in pregnant women and that this regulation is influenced by GWG, probably due to an excessive AT accumulation.

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