scholarly journals VB10, a new blood biomarker for differential diagnosis and recovery monitoring of acute viral and bacterial infections

EBioMedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 103352
Author(s):  
Sathyabaarathi Ravichandran ◽  
Ushashi Banerjee ◽  
Gayathri Devi DR ◽  
Rooparani Kandukuru ◽  
Chandrani Thakur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Blood Biomarker ◽  
Recovery Monitoring

Excellent Outcome of Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy in an Adult With Bacterial Infections, Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 194187442199137
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
John R. Younce ◽  
Joel S. Perlmutter ◽  
Soe S. Mar
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Vasogenic Edema ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy ◽  
Excellent Outcome ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotics ◽  
Acute Necrotizing ◽  
Supportive Management

Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a rare para-infectious encephalopathy that classically occurs in children. However, ANE should be considered in the differential diagnosis of adults with symmetric brain lesions after a prodromal illness given recent reports of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) to presumably cause ANE in adults. We report a case of a 29-year-old male presenting with fever, malaise, and rapid deterioration into coma. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed multifocal symmetric areas of diffusion restriction and surrounding vasogenic edema involving bilateral thalami, pons and cerebellar hemispheres with a core of susceptibility artifact, and minimal thalamic contrast enhancement, most consistent with ANE. Extensive infectious workup revealed isolated Escherichia coli and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in his urine. Despite the severe encephalopathy on initial presentation, the patient improved with intravenous antibiotics and supportive management with minimal residual deficits at 9 months follow-up. We aim to provide an overview of the radiological features, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of ANE. Becoming familiarized with this rare but devastating disease will improve detection, treatment, and ultimately prognosis, especially in the era of a new pandemic.

scholarly journals Usefulness of procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cell (WBC) levels in the differential diagnosis of acute bacterial, viral, and mycoplasmal respiratory tract infections in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Lanfang Min ◽  
Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background There is a lack of studies comparing PCT, CRP and WBC levels in the differential diagnosis of acute bacterial, viral, and mycoplasmal respiratory tract infections. It is necessary to explore the correlation between above markers and different types of ARTI. Methods 108 children with confirmed bacterial infection were regarded as group A, 116 children with virus infection were regarded as group B, and 122 children with mycoplasmal infection were regarded as group C. The levels of PCT, CRP and WBC of the three groups were detected and compared. Results The levels of PCT, CRP and WBC in group A were significantly higher than those in groups B and C (p < 0.05). The positive rate of combined detection of PCT, CRP and WBC was significant higher than that of single detection. There was no significant difference in PCT, CRP and WBC levels between the group of G+ bacterial infection and G− bacterial infection (p > 0.05). ROC curve results showed that the AUC of PCT, CRP and WBC for the diagnosis of bacterial respiratory infections were 0.65, 0.55, and 0.58, respectively. Conclusions PCT, CRP and WBC can be combined as effective indicators for the identification of acute bacterial or no-bacterial infections in children. The levels of PCT and CRP have higher differential diagnostic value than that of WBC in infection, and the combined examination of the three is more valuable in clinic.

scholarly journals Otkrivanje infekcija u abdomenu primenom radioobelezenog antibiotika

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Artiko ◽  
Branka Davidovic ◽  
Nadezda Nikolic ◽  
Milorad Petrovic ◽  
Nebojsa Petrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Conservative Therapy ◽  
False Negative ◽  
True Positive ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Exact Localization

The aim of the study is detection of the abdominal infective foci using 99mTc-ciprofloxacin, radiopharmaceutical supposed to distuinguish inflammation from infection. Twenty one patient was investigated. There were 11 true positive findings, 7 true negative, two were false negative, while 1 was false positive. Sensitivity of the method was 79% and specificity 91%. According to our results, scintigraphy with infecton is a useful method for detection and assessment of exact localization of deep seated bacterial infections, which might be useful for (differential) diagnosis, surgical treatment in due time as well as monitoring of the treatment of conservative therapy.

scholarly journals Application of PCT, CRP and WBC levels in the differential diagnosis of acute bacterial, viral, and mycoplasmal respiratory tract infections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yang ◽  
Min Lanfang ◽  
Zhang Xin
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Tract Infections

Objective There is a lack of studies comparing Procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) levels in the differential diagnosis of acute bacterial, viral, and mycoplasmal respiratory infections. It is necessary to explore the correlation between above markers and different types of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI). Methods 108 children with confirmed bacterial infection were regarded as group A, 116 children with virus infection were regarded as group B, and 122 children with mycoplasma infection were regarded as group C. The levels of PCT, CRP and WBC of the three groups were detected and compared. Results The levels of PCT, CRP and WBC in group A were significantly higher than those in groups B and C (P <0.05). The positive rate of combined detection of PCT, CRP and WBC was significantly higher than that of single detection. There was no significant difference of PCT, CRP and WBC levels between the group of Gram-positive (G+) bacteria infection and Gram-negative (G-) bacteria infection (P >0.05). ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of PCT, CRP and WBC for the diagnosis of bacterial respiratory infections were 0.65, 0.55, and 0.58, respectively. Conclusions PCT, CRP and WBC can be used as effective indicators for the identification of acute bacterial or no-bacterial infections in children. The levels of PCT and CRP have higher differential diagnostic value than that of WBC in infection, and the combined examination of the three is more valuable in clinic.

ON THE ISSUE OF DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF BACTERIAL INFECTIONS AND PEDIATRIC MULTISYSTEM INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 162-167
Author(s):  
L.N. Mazankova ◽  
◽  
O.V. Molochkova ◽  
O.В. Kovalev ◽  
O.V. Shamsheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Severe Intoxication ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to be wary of the development of pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (PMIS) who have had a COVID-19 and had antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The aim of this work is to describe two clinical cases in children with antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 against the background of yersiniosis in a 12-year-old child and salmonellosis in a 3-year-old child, which proceeded with a pronounced inflammatory reaction and required a differential diagnosis with multisystem inflammatory syndrome. These bacterial infections proceeded with severe intoxication and fever, had a polymorphic clinical picture with exanthema syndrome, conjunctivitis/scleritis, swelling of the palms/feet, diarrhea and toxic kidney damage, with a pronounced systemic inflammatory reaction – high leukocytosis with neutrophilia and lymphopenia, a significant increase in C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, hypercoagulability (increased fibrinogen, D-dimer). Etiotropic antibiotic therapy led to recovery in both cases. Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, if antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus are detected in children in the presence of signs of systemic inflammation and corresponding symptoms, the alertness of doctors and a timely comprehensive examination are necessary to exclude bacterial infections, also characterized by signs of systemic inflammation, for the purpose of differential diagnosis of PMIS.

scholarly journals Perforation of the palate - A report of two Syphilitic Gumma cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 311-315
Author(s):  
Fadi Titinchi ◽  
Nashreen Behardien ◽  
Jean Morkel ◽  
Johan Opperman
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cocaine Abuse ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Tertiary Syphilis ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Compromised Patients

Syphilis has recently shown resurgence in its incidence especially in immune-compromised patients. We present two cases of tertiary syphilis in middle-aged males with large perforations in the hard and soft palates, one of which had Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) co-infection. Diagnosis was initially difficult due to non-specific features mimicking other conditions such as perforation of cocaine abuse aetiology, neoplastic conditions, sarcoi-dosis, fungal infections, bacterial infections other than Treponema pallidum and Wegeners granulomatosis. With special investigations including Anti-Treponema Immunohistochemistry and histology, however, a definitive diagnosis of syphilitic gumma was reached. Intravenous penicillin was the mainstay of management along with treatment of the underlying medical conditions. A removable acrylic obturator was used to close the oro-nasal fistula to improve swallowing and speech. Syphilis should be included as a differential diagnosis in cases of palatal perforation.

scholarly journals Localized Cutaneous Infections in Immunocompetent Individuals Due to Rapidly Growing Mycobacteria

2014 ◽  
Vol 138 (8) ◽  
pp. 1106-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Fowler ◽  
Steven D. Mahlen
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Surgical Debridement ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Cutaneous Infections ◽  
Rapidly Growing Mycobacteria ◽  
Systemic Infections

Rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) cause skin infections that are refractory to standard antibiotic regimens. Although typically associated with disseminated cutaneous or other systemic infections in immunocompromised patients, RGM sometimes cause localized cutaneous infections in immunocompetent hosts. These infections are almost always associated with precedent skin trauma and inoculation, and therefore have been implicated in outbreaks involving contaminated tattoo ink and inadequately sterilized acupuncture needles. Histologic features often include suppurative granulomatous inflammation, and microorganisms are rarely visualized with stains for acid-fast bacilli. The differential diagnosis includes granulomatous fungal and non-RGM bacterial infections as well as noninfectious suppurative or sarcoidlike conditions. Because no pathognomonic histologic features exist for cutaneous RGM infections, clinical suspicion and appropriate workup are essential to reach an accurate and timely diagnosis. Most localized cutaneous RGM infections in immunocompetent individuals respond well to either clarithromycin or amikacin, in combination with surgical debridement.

scholarly journals Differential diagnosis for a mandibular mass – a rare case of an odontoameloblastoma in a red deer (Cervus elaphus elaphus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svenja Hartung ◽  
Kernt Köhler ◽  
Christiane Herden ◽  
Manfred Henrich
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Odontogenic Tumors ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Rare Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Free Ranging

Abstract Background Mandibular masses caused by inflammatory processes due to bacterial infections, most common with Actinomyces bovis, are well known in herbivors. This case represents a rare differential diagnosis to common inflammatory processes which cannot be distinguished from neoplasia without detailed histopathological examination. Case presentation A large unilateral mandibular mass of a free-ranging female adult red deer (Cervus elaphus elaphus) was submitted for pathological examination. The animal had been shot due to its poor body condition. Grossly, the mandibular mass showed gingival ulceration and necrosis. Histologically, irregular strands and islands of odontogenic epithelial cells and a matrix of dentin and osteoid-like material were found, leading to the diagnosis of an odontogenic tumor. Considering the animal’s age the tumor was classified as odontoameloblastoma with secondary chronic purulent osteomyelitis. Conclusions Odontogenic tumors are rare in domestic and wildlife species and so far have not been reported in red deer. In addition to the more common inflammatory processes of the mandibula and other neoplastic diseases of the oral cavity, odontogenic tumors represent a rare differential diagnosis that must be kept in mind especially when masked by inflammatory lesions.

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