P.0141 Investigating the relationship between affective state, stress, somatosensory sensitivity, and endocannabinoids in healthy human participants: a pilot study

Abstract Background: Recent studies of anesthetic-induced unconsciousness in humans have focused predominantly on the intravenous drug propofol and have identified anterior dominance of alpha rhythms and frontal phase–amplitude coupling patterns as neurophysiological markers. However, it is unclear whether the correlates of propofol-induced unconsciousness are generalizable to inhaled anesthetics, which have distinct molecular targets and which are used more commonly in clinical practice. Methods: The authors recorded 64-channel electroencephalograms in healthy human participants during consciousness, sevoflurane-induced unconsciousness, and recovery (n = 10; n = 7 suitable for analysis). Spectrograms and scalp distributions of low-frequency (1 Hz) and alpha (10 Hz) power were analyzed, and phase–amplitude modulation between these two frequencies was calculated in frontal and parietal regions. Phase lag index was used to assess phase relationships across the cortex. Results: At concentrations sufficient for unconsciousness, sevoflurane did not result in a consistent anteriorization of alpha power; the relationship between low-frequency phase and alpha amplitude in the frontal cortex did not undergo characteristic transitions. By contrast, there was significant cross-frequency coupling in the parietal region during consciousness that was not observed after loss of consciousness. Furthermore, a reversible disruption of anterior–posterior phase relationships in the alpha bandwidth was identified as a correlate of sevoflurane-induced unconsciousness. Conclusion: In humans, sevoflurane-induced unconsciousness is not correlated with anteriorization of alpha and related cross-frequency patterns, but rather by a disruption of phase–amplitude coupling in the parietal region and phase–phase relationships across the cortex.

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The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Content of the Physical Education Classes in Lithuanian Schoolchildren of 11 – 12 Years Old. The Pilot Study / Odnos tjelesne aktivnosti i sadržaja nastavnih satova tjelesnog i zdravstvenog odgoja kod litvans

Croatian Journal of Education - Hrvatski časopis za odgoj i obrazovanje ◽

10.15516/cje.v17i1.1143 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Arunas Emeljanovas ◽

Brigita Mieziene ◽

Vitalija Putriute

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Physical Education ◽

The Relationship

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Influence of chronotype on daily mood fluctuations: pilot study in patients with depression

BJPsych Open ◽

10.1192/bjo.2019.103 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Konstantin F. Brückmann ◽

Jürgen Hennig ◽

Matthias J. Müller ◽

Stanislava Fockenberg ◽

Anne-Marthe Schmidt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Negative Affect ◽

Clinical Setting ◽

Early Morning ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Patient Subgroup ◽

Depression Risk ◽

Gender And Age ◽

The Relationship

Summary Depression risk is associated with a late chronotype pattern often described as an ‘evening chronotype’. Fluctuations in mood over consecutive days have not yet been measured according to chronotype in in-patients with depression. A total of 30 in-patients with depression and 32 healthy controls matched for gender and age completed a chronotype questionnaire and twice-daily ratings on mood for 10 consecutive days (registered in the German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00010215). The in-patients had Saturdays and Sundays as hospital-leave days. The relationship between chronotype and daily mood was mediated by the weekday–weekend schedule with higher levels of negative affect in the evening-chronotype patient subgroup at weekends. Results are discussed with respect to a probably advantageous standardised clinical setting with early morning routines, especially for patients with evening chronotypes.

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A Pilot Study of the Clinical Relevance of the Relationship between the Serum Level of Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein a and the Degree of Acute Coronary Syndrome

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/147323001003800225 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 625-632 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

L You ◽

L Li ◽

F Zhang ◽

Q Xu ◽

J Ren

Keyword(s):

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Serum Level ◽

Plasma Protein ◽

Clinical Relevance ◽

Protein A ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

The Relationship

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Overdiagnosis and overtreatment of nipple and breast candidiasis: A review of the relationship between diagnoses of mammary candidiasis and Candida albicans in breastfeeding women

Women s Health ◽

10.1177/17455065211031480 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 174550652110314

Author(s):

Pamela Douglas

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Human Milk ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Breast Pain ◽

Breastfeeding Support ◽

Candida Spp ◽

Healthy Human ◽

Nipple Areolar Complex ◽

Areolar Complex ◽

The Relationship

Background: Breastfeeding mothers commonly experience nipple pain accompanied by radiating, stabbing or constant breast pain between feeds, sometimes associated with pink shiny nipple epithelium and white flakes of skin. Current guidelines diagnose these signs and symptoms as mammary candidiasis and stipulate antifungal medications. Aim: This study reviews existing research into the relationship between Candida albicans and nipple and breast pain in breastfeeding women who have been diagnosed with mammary candidiasis; whether fluconazole is an effective treatment; and the presence of C. albicans in the human milk microbiome. Method: The author conducted three searches to investigate (a) breastfeeding-related pain and C. albicans; (b) the efficacy of fluconazole in breastfeeding-related pain; and (c) composition of the human milk mycobiome. These findings are critiqued and integrated in a narrative review. Results: There is little evidence to support the hypothesis that Candida spp, including C. albicans, in maternal milk or on the nipple-areolar complex causes the signs and symptoms popularly diagnosed as mammary candidiasis. There is no evidence that antifungal treatments are any more effective than the passage of time in women with these symptoms. Candida spp including C. albicans are commonly identified in healthy human milk and nipple-areolar complex mycobiomes. Discussion: Clinical breastfeeding support remains a research frontier. The human milk microbiome, which includes a mycobiome, interacts with the microbiomes of the infant mouth and nipple-areolar complex, including their mycobiomes, to form protective ecosystems. Topical or oral antifungals may disrupt immunoprotective microbial homeostasis. Unnecessary use contributes to the serious global problem of antifungal resistance. Conclusion: Antifungal treatment is rarely indicated and prolonged courses cannot be justified in breastfeeding women experiencing breast and nipple pain. Multiple strategies for stabilizing microbiome feedback loops when nipple and breast pain emerge are required, in order to avoid overtreatment of breastfeeding mothers and their infants with antifungal medications.

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Sex-related differences in response to masseteric injections of glutamate and nerve growth factor in healthy human participants

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-93171-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Abdelrahman M. Alhilou ◽

Akiko Shimada ◽

Camilla I. Svensson ◽

Peter Svensson ◽

Malin Ernberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nmda Receptors ◽

Nerve Fiber ◽

Masseter Muscle ◽

Pain Sensitivity ◽

Nerve Fibers ◽

Receptor Expression ◽

Healthy Human ◽

Neurophysiological Mechanisms ◽

Human Participants ◽

Positive Correlations

AbstractThe neurophysiological mechanisms underlying NGF-induced masseter muscle sensitization and sex-related differences in its effect are not well understood in humans. Therefore, this longitudinal cohort study aimed to investigate the effect of NGF injection on the density and expression of substance P, NMDA-receptors and NGF by the nerve fibers in the human masseter muscle, to correlate expression with pain characteristics, and to determine any possible sex-related differences in these effects of NGF. The magnitude of NGF-induced mechanical sensitization and pain during oral function was significantly greater in women than in men (P < 0.050). Significant positive correlations were found between nerve fiber expression of NMDA-receptors and peak pain intensity (rs = 0.620, P = 0.048), and expression of NMDA-receptors by putative nociceptors and change in temporal summation pain after glutamate injection (rs = 0.561, P = 0.003). In women, there was a significant inverse relationship between the degree of NGF-induced mechanical sensitization and the change in nerve fiber expression of NMDA-receptors alone (rs = − 0.659, P = 0.013), and in combination with NGF (rs = − 0.764, P = 0.001). In conclusion, women displayed a greater magnitude of NGF-induced mechanical sensitization that also was associated with nerve fibers expression of NMDA-receptors, when compared to men. The present findings suggest that, in women, increased peripheral NMDA-receptor expression could be associated with masseter muscle pain sensitivity.

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The relationship between Gulf War Illness symptom severity and heart rate variability: A pilot study

Life Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119663 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 119663

Author(s):

Kyle J. Jaquess ◽

Nathaniel Allen ◽

Timothy J. Chun ◽

Lucas Crock ◽

Alexander A. Zajdel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Gulf War ◽

Gulf War Illness ◽

The Relationship

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The Effect of State Gratitude on Cognitive Flexibility: A Within-Subject Experimental Approach

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci10070413 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 413

Author(s):

Andree Hartanto ◽

Nadia C. H. Ong ◽

Wee Qin Ng ◽

Nadyanna M. Majeed

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Cognitive Functioning ◽

Cognitive Flexibility ◽

Positive Emotion ◽

Positive Emotions ◽

Experimental Approach ◽

Main Study ◽

Considerable Research ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

The Relationship

Considerable research has examined the relationship between positive emotion and cognitive flexibility. Less is known, however, about the causal relationship between discrete positive emotions, specifically gratitude, and cognitive flexibility. Given that different positive emotions may dissimilarly affect cognitive functioning, we sought to examine the effect of state gratitude on cognitive flexibility. A pilot study with ninety-five participants was employed to ensure the effectiveness of our gratitude manipulation. One hundred and thirteen participants were recruited for the main study, which utilized a within-subject experimental approach. After the manipulation, participants completed a well-established task-switching paradigm, which was used to measure cognitive flexibility. Contrary to our hypotheses, we did not find any evidence that state gratitude may enhance cognitive flexibility. The current study identified some boundary conditions around the potential benefits of the experience of gratitude.

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