A novel biofilm carrier for pollutant removal in a constructed wetland based on waste rubber tire chips

Dairy wastewater (DWW) contains large amounts of mineral and organic compounds, which can accumulate in soil and water causing serious environmental pollution. A constructed wetland (CW) is a sustainable technology for the treatment of DWW in small-medium sized farms. This paper reports a two-year study on the performance of a pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow system for DWW treatment in Sicily (Italy). The CW system covered a total surface area of 100 m2 and treated approximately 6 m3 per day of wastewater produced by a small dairy farm, subsequent to biological treatment. Removal efficiency (RE) of the system was calculated. The biomass production of two emergent macrophytes was determined and the effect of plant growth on organic pollutant RE was recorded. All DWW parameters showed significant differences between inlet and outlet. For BOD5 and COD, RE values were 76.00% and 62.00%, respectively. RE for total nitrogen (50.70%) was lower than that of organic compounds. RE levels of microbiological parameters were found to be higher than 80.00%. Giant reed produced greater biomass than umbrella sedge. A seasonal variation in RE of organic pollutants was recorded due to plant growth rate Our findings highlight the efficient use of a CW system for DWW treatment in dairy-cattle farms.

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Mechanistic understanding of the pollutant removal and transformation processes in the constructed wetland system

Water Environment Research ◽

10.1002/wer.1599 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sandeep K Malyan ◽

Shweta Yadav ◽

Vikas Sonkar ◽

V.C. Goyal ◽

Omkar Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Constructed Wetland ◽

Pollutant Removal ◽

Wetland System ◽

Mechanistic Understanding ◽

Transformation Processes

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The efficiency and reliability of pollutant removal in a hybrid constructed wetland with giant miscanthus and Jerusalem artichoke in Poland

Ecological Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.11.008 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 127 ◽

pp. 23-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Michał Marzec ◽

Magdalena Gizińska-Górna ◽

Krzysztof Jóźwiakowski ◽

Aneta Pytka-Woszczyło ◽

Alina Kowalczyk-Juśko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Constructed Wetland ◽

Jerusalem Artichoke ◽

Pollutant Removal ◽

Giant Miscanthus ◽

Efficiency And Reliability

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Dynamic Response of Dry Rubber Tire Chips and Sand Mixture

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering - Ground Improvement and Reinforced Soil Structures ◽

10.1007/978-981-16-1831-4_51 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 581-587

Author(s):

Adyasha Swayamsiddha Amanta ◽

Satyanarayana Murty Dasaka

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Response ◽

Sand Mixture ◽

Tire Chips ◽

Rubber Tire

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Pollutant removal and growth dynamics of macrophyte species for faecal sludge treatment with constructed wetland technology

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2019.354 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 80 (6) ◽

pp. 1145-1154

Author(s):

Agyemang Richard Osei ◽

Yacouba Konate ◽

Felix Kofi Abagale

Keyword(s):

Constructed Wetland ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Growth Dynamics ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Pollutant Removal ◽

Local Context ◽

Organic Chemical ◽

Bambusa Vulgaris ◽

Faecal Sludge

Abstract Constructed wetland technology is an innovative engineering technique for faecal sludge (FS) management. The presence of emergent macrophytes enhances the important processes of evapotranspiration, sludge mineralisation, and contaminant reduction. Consequently, selecting a species that can withstand the difficult sludge contaminated conditions within a local context is vital. This study monitored the pollutant removal potentials and growth dynamics of Bambusa vulgaris and Cymbopogon nardus as promising macrophytes for the constructed wetland technology in the Sudano-Sahelian context. The experiment, at pilot scale, consisted of plastic reactors (27 litre) filled with filter media of sand and fine gravels at the base, and planted with the selected species. Pollutant removal efficiencies were evaluated based on differences between influent and effluent concentrations, and physiological growth parameters of plant height, number of leaves and number of plants were monitored monthly. Total annual sludge loading rate of 31.4 and 103.4 kg TS/(m2·yr) (TS: total solids) were determined for FS + wastewater (acclimatisation phase) and FS load respectively. Both species recorded appreciable pollutant removal efficiency >80% for the organic (chemical oxygen demand), nutrients (PO43_P and NH4-N) and solid (total suspended solids and total volatile solids) contents. The species thus demonstrated satisfactory performance of resistance for faecal polluted wetland conditions.

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Novel advanced porous concrete in constructed wetlands: preparation, characterization and application in urban storm runoff treatment

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2018.528 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 78 (11) ◽

pp. 2374-2382 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Van Tai Tang ◽

Kannan Pakshirajan

Keyword(s):

Constructed Wetland ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Pollutant Removal ◽

Storm Runoff ◽

Storm Water ◽

Water Runoff ◽

Porous Concrete ◽

Storm Water Runoff ◽

Grass Growth ◽

Urban Storm

Abstract Common porous concrete templates (CPCT) and advanced porous concrete templates (APCT) were employed in this study to construct wetlands for their applications in pollutant removal from storm runoff. The planting ability of the concrete was investigated by growing Festuca elata plants in them. Strength of the porous concrete (7.21 ± 0.19 Mpa) decreased by 1.8 and 4.9% over a period of six and 12 months, respectively, due to its immersion in lake water. The height and weight of Festuca elata grass growth on the porous concrete were observed to be 12.6–16.9 mm and 63.4–95.4 mg, respectively, after a duration of one month. Advanced porous concrete template based constructed wetland (APCT-CW) showed better removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (49.6%), total suspended solids (TSS) (58.9), NH3-N (52.4%), total nitrogen (TN) (47.7%) and total phosphorus (TP) (45.5%) in storm water, when compared with the common porous concrete template based constructed wetland (CPCT-CW) with 20.6, 29.8, 30.1, 35.4 and 26.9%, respectively. The removal of Pb, Ni, Zn by the CPCT-CW unit were 28.9, 33.3 and 42.3%, respectively, whereas these were 51.1, 62.5 and 53.8%, respectively, with the APCT-CW unit. These results demonstrate that the advanced porous concrete template in constructed wetland could be employed successfully for the removal of pollutants from urban storm water runoff.

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The Improvement of Pollutant Removal in the Ferric-Carbon Micro-Electrolysis Constructed Wetland by Partial Aeration

Water ◽

10.3390/w12020389 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 389 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Cheng Dong ◽

Mengting Li ◽

Lin-Lan Zhuang ◽

Jian Zhang ◽

Youhao Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Constructed Wetland ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Pollutant Removal ◽

Functional Genes ◽

Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland ◽

Removal Efficiencies ◽

Oxidation Efficiency ◽

Denitrification Process

Subsurface flow constructed wetland (SSFCW) has been applied for wastewater treatment for several decades. In recent years, the combination of ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis (Fe/C-M/E) and SSFCW was proven to be an effective method of multifarious sewage treatment. However, Ferric substrate created a relatively reductive condition, decreased the oxidation efficiency of NH4+-N, and blocked the following denitrification process, which led to the low removal efficiencies of NH4+-N and total nitrogen (TN). In this study, partial aeration was introduced into the ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis SSFCW (Fe/C-M/E CW) system to solve the problem above. The water quality and nitrogen-related functional genes of bacteria on the surface of substrate were measured for mechanism exploration. The results showed that, the removal efficiencies of NH4+-N and total phosphorus (TP) in an aerated Fe/C-M/E CW system were 96.97% ± 6.06% and 84.62% ± 8.47%, much higher than 43.33% ± 11.27% and 60.16% ± 2.95% in the unaerated Fe/C-M/E CW systems. However, the TN removal in Fe/C-M/E CW system was not enhanced by aeration, which could be optimized by extending more anoxic section for denitrification.

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The Efficiency and Reliability of Pollutant Removal in a Hybrid Constructed Wetland with Common Reed, Manna Grass, and Virginia Mallow

Water ◽

10.3390/w10101445 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1445 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Michał Marzec ◽

Krzysztof Jóźwiakowski ◽

Anna Dębska ◽

Magdalena Gizińska-Górna ◽

Aneta Pytka-Woszczyło ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Nitrogen ◽

Total Phosphorus ◽

Constructed Wetland ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Total Suspended Solids ◽

Common Reed ◽

Pollutant Removal ◽

Limit Values

In this paper, the pollutant removal efficiency and the reliability of a vertical and horizontal flow hybrid constructed wetland (CW) planted with common reed, manna grass, and Virginia mallow were analyzed. The wastewater treatment plant, located in south-eastern Poland, treated domestic sewage at an average flow rate of 2.5 m3/d. The tests were carried out during five years of its operation (2014–2018). The following parameters were measured: biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. The results showed that more than 95% of BOD5, COD, and total phosphorus was removed in the tested CW system. The average effectiveness of removal of total suspended solids and total nitrogen exceeded 86%. A reliability analysis performed using the Weibull probability model showed that the removal reliability in the tested CW was very high for BOD5, COD, total suspended solids, and total phosphorus (100%). The probability that the total nitrogen concentration in the treated effluents would reach the limit value (30 mg/L) established for effluents discharged from a treatment plant of less than 2000 PE (population equivalent) to standing waters was 94%. The values of all the pollution indicators in wastewater discharged to the receiver were significantly lower than the limit values required in Poland. The investigated hybrid CW system with common reed, manna grass, and Virginia mallow guaranteed stable low values of BOD5, COD, total suspended solids, and total phosphorus in the treated wastewater, which meant it was highly likely to be positively evaluated in case of an inspection.

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