The Effects of Mixing Multi-Component HLW Glasses on Spinel Crystal Size

2021 ◽  
pp. 153318
Author(s):  
C.E. Lonergan ◽  
J. Rice ◽  
C. Skidmore ◽  
M.J. Schweiger ◽  
P. Hrma
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Size ◽  
Spinel Crystal

scholarly journals Effect of Basicity on Precipitation of Spinel Crystals in a CaO-SiO2-MgO-Cr2O3-FeO System

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2019) ◽  
pp. 867-872
Author(s):  
Jianli Li ◽  
Qiang Zeng ◽  
Qiqiang Mou ◽  
Yue Yu
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Size ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Spinel Phase ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Particle Diffusion ◽  
Spinel Crystal ◽  
Stainless Steel Slag ◽  
Comprehensive Utilization ◽  
Key Factor

AbstractThe comprehensive utilization of stainless steel slag is one of major problems to be solved at “green steelworks”. Precipitation of spinel crystals can effectively detoxify residue. The effect of basicity defined by ω(CaO)/ ω(SiO2) ratio on precipitation of spinel crystals in a CaO-SiO2-MgO-Cr2O3-8 wt% FeO system has been determined with such tools as FactSage 7.1, SEM-EDS, IPP 6.0 and XRD. The FactSage 7.1 results showed that the rate of spinel phase enrichment with chromium was about 98% for the system basicity less than 1.4 and about 78% above this value. The precipitation of solid particles in solution appeared to be significantly influenced by basicity. With its increase the solid phase grew, the liquid one reduced, the particle diffusion was limited, and the growth of spinel crystals was inhibited. The spinel crystal size increased rapidly with decrease of basicity. When basicity increased from 0.6 up to 1.0, the crystal size decreased sharply from 12.30 μm down to 6.22 μm, and the reduction constituted as much as 49.43%. When basicity increased from 1.0 up to 2.2, the spinel crystal size moderately decreased from 6.22 μm down to 4.47 μm. Therefore, reduction of basicity is conducive to spinel crystal enrichment with chromium what appears to be a key factor to control basicity at detoxification of the chromium-containing steel slag.

Investigation of irradiation-induced nucleation processes in silicon and germanium

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 224-225
Author(s):  
Harry A. Atwater ◽  
C.M. Yang ◽  
K.V. Shcheglov
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Initial Distribution ◽  
Engineering Control ◽  
Size Evolution ◽  
Silicon And Germanium ◽  
Ge Quantum Dot ◽  
And Control ◽  
Germanium Quantum Dots ◽  
Kinetics Of

Studies of the initial stages of nucleation of silicon and germanium have yielded insights that point the way to achievement of engineering control over crystal size evolution at the nanometer scale. In addition to their importance in understanding fundamental issues in nucleation, these studies are relevant to efforts to (i) control the size distributions of silicon and germanium “quantum dots𠇍, which will in turn enable control of the optical properties of these materials, (ii) and control the kinetics of crystallization of amorphous silicon and germanium films on amorphous insulating substrates so as to, e.g., produce crystalline grains of essentially arbitrary size.Ge quantum dot nanocrystals with average sizes between 2 nm and 9 nm were formed by room temperature ion implantation into SiO2, followed by precipitation during thermal anneals at temperatures between 30°C and 1200°C[1]. Surprisingly, it was found that Ge nanocrystal nucleation occurs at room temperature as shown in Fig. 1, and that subsequent microstructural evolution occurred via coarsening of the initial distribution.

Pengaruh Pendopingan Karbon Terhadap Struktur Kristal dan Morfologi TIO2

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frastica Deswardani ◽  
Helga Dwi Fahyuan ◽  
Rimawanto Gultom ◽  
Eif Sparzinanda
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tio2 Thin Film ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Diffraction Peak ◽  
Carbon Doping ◽  
Tio2 Anatase ◽  
Spray Method ◽  
Carbon Analysis

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh konsentrasi doping karbon pada lapisan tipis TiO2 yang ditumbuhkan dengan metode spray terhadap struktur kristal dan morfologi TiO2. Hasil karakterisasi SEM menunjukkan bahwa penambahan doping karbon dapat meningkatkan ukuran butir. Lapisan TiO2 doping karbon 8% diperoleh ukuran butir terbesar adalah 1.35 μm, sedangkan ukuran tekecilnya adalah 0.45 μm. Sementara itu, untuk lapisan tipis TiO2 didoping karbon 15% memiliki ukuran butir terbesar yaitu 1.76 μm dan terkecil 0.9 μm. Hasil XRD menunjukkan seluruh puncak difraksi lapisan tipis TiO2 dengan doping karbon 8% dan 15% merupakan TiO2 anatase. Ukuran kristal lapisan TiO2 didoping karbon 8% diperoleh sebesar 638,08 Å dan untuk pendopingan 15% karbon ukuran kristal lapisan tipis TiO2 adalah 638,09 Å, hal ini menunjukkan ukuran kristal kedua sampel tidak mengalami perubahan yang signifikan.   TiO2 thin film with carbon doping has been successfully grown by spray method. The research on the effect of carbon doping on crystal structure and morfology of TiO2 has been prepared by varying carbon concentration (8% and 15% carbon). Analysis of SEM showed that the addition of carbon may increase the grain size. Thin film of TiO2 doped carbon 8% has the largest grain size 1.35 μm, while the smallest grain size is 0.45 μm. Meanwhile, for thin film TiO2 doped carbon 15% has the largest grain size 1.76 μm and smallest 0.9 μm. The XRD results showed the entire diffraction peak of thin film TiO2 doped carbon 8% and 15% were TiO2 anatase. The crystal size of thin film TiO2 doped carbon 8% was obtained at 638.08 Å and for thin film TiO2 doped carbon 15% the crystalline size of TiO2 thin film was 638.09 Å, this shows that the crystal size of both samples did not change significantly.    

Gemmological investigation of a synthetic spinel crystal from the Soviet Union

1991 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 300-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
John I. Koivula ◽  
Robert C. Kammerling ◽  
Emmanuel Fritsch
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Spinel Crystal ◽  
The Soviet Union

SIGN IN Welcome!Log into your account your username your password Forgot your password Privacy policy PASSWORD RECOVERY Recover your password your email Struktol Home New fast measuring method for process optimization of sucrose crystallization New fast measuring method for process optimization of sucrose crystallization

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Trine Aabo Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Process Optimization ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Measuring Method ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Line System ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
User Friendly

A new fast measuring method for process optimization of sucrose crystallization using image analysis based on high quality images and algorithms is introduced. With the mobile, non-invasive at-line system all steps of the sucrose crystallization can be measured to determine the crystal size distribution. The image analysis system is easy to operate and is as well an efficient laboratory solution with user-friendly and customized software. In comparison to sieve analysis, image analyses performed with the ParticleTech Solution have been proven to be reliable.

Continuous Precipitation of Lead Iodide

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1503-1510
Author(s):  
Stanislav Žáček ◽  
Jaroslav Nývlt
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Crystal Growth Rate ◽  
Laboratory Model ◽  
Lead Iodide ◽  
Secondary Nucleation ◽  
Equimolar Ratio ◽  
Continuous Precipitation ◽  
The Mean

Lead iodide was precipitated from aqueous solutions of 0.015 - 0.1 M Pb(NO3)2 and 0.03 - 0.2 M KI in the equimolar ratio using a laboratory model of a stirred continuous crystallizer at 22 °C. After reaching the steady state, the PbI2 crystal size distribution was measured sedimentometrically and the crystallization kinetics was evaluated based on the mean particle size. Both the linear crystal growth rate and the nucleation rate depend on the specific output of the crystallizer. The system crystallization constant either points to a significant effect of secondary nucleation by the mechanism of contact of the crystals with the stirrer blade, or depends on the concentrations of the components added due to the micromixing mechanism.

Batch Precipitation of Lead Iodide

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1301-1304
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Nývlt ◽  
Stanislav Žáček
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Lead Iodide ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
The Mean

Lead iodide was precipitated by a procedure in which an aqueous solution of potassium iodide at a concentration of 0.03, 0.10 or 0.20 mol l-1 was stirred while an aqueous solution of lead nitrate at one-half concentration was added at a constant rate. The mean size of the PbI2 crystals was determined by evaluating the particle size distribution, which was measured sedimentometrically. The dependence of the mean crystal size on the duration of the experiment exhibited a minimum for any of the concentrations applied. The reason for this is discussed.

Batch Crystallization with Crystals Attrition

1993 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 1855-1860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Nývlt ◽  
Stanislav Žáček
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Theoretical Description ◽  
Secondary Nucleation ◽  
Batch Crystallization ◽  
Batch Time ◽  
The Mean

The dependence of the mean crystal size of the products from batch crystallizers on the batch time occasionally exhibits a maximum, which can be explained by secondary nucleation due to the attrition of crystals. A kinetic equatation of nucleation, comprising a term for crystal attrition, can be used for the theoretical description of such behaviour. A mathematical model of a batch crystallizer with crystal attrition has been verified on the calcium sulfate precipitation.

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