The impact of component commonality in an assemble-to-order environment under supply and demand uncertainty

PurposeThis paper investigates the effect of the fit between supply and demand uncertainty (SDU) and supply chain responsiveness (SCR) (SC fit) on business and innovation performance in Brazilian companies.Design/methodology/approachThe study presented an analysis carried out on an empirical study based on a sample of 150 manufacturing companies. Business and innovation performance of companies with different types of SC fit ( high–high and low–low fits) and misfit (positive and negative) are compared and discussed.FindingsThe results indicated that SC fit had a positive effect on both business and innovation performance. Further analyses suggested that companies with SC fit present similar business performance, independent of the level of SDU that characterizes the environment where they compete, while companies in environments with higher levels of uncertainty tend to present superior innovation performance. Companies with positive and negative misfit present similar performance.Originality/valueAn analysis of the literature showed that there is no consensus when it comes to the definitions and measurements of SC fit. The paper investigates the effects of SC fit on business and innovation performance, while previous empirical studies have mainly addressed its impact on financial performance. Moreover, this study compares the effects of two types of fit and two types of misfit and assesses SC fit in Brazilian manufacturing companies, analyzing the context of an under-researched reality.

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ANALISIS DAMPAK COMPONENT COMMONALITY TERHADAP SCHEDULE INSTABILITY PADA SISTEM RANTAI PASOK SEDERHANA

JURNAL MANAJEMEN INDUSTRI DAN LOGISTIK ◽

10.30988/jmil.v1i1.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Bilal Ahmadi ◽

Dhany Surya Ratana

Keyword(s):

Lead Time ◽

Demand Uncertainty ◽

Cost Structure ◽

Supply Chain System ◽

Common Component ◽

Component Commonality ◽

Operational Conditions ◽

Uncertainty Product ◽

Simulation Results ◽

The Impact

This study analyzed the impact of component commonality to schedule instability. Analysis was implemented in the use of component commonality (use of same component in different product structures) in a simple supply chain system which is consist of one manufacturer and two suppliers. Different operational conditions were introduced such as: demand uncertainty, product cost structure, product lead time, product structure and inventory policy that company utilized. The simulation results suggested that common component could reduce schedule instability in both manufacturer and suppliers. Furthermore, the results also indicated that suppliers were the more affected entities due to uncertainty rather than manufacturer

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Does Uncertainty Moderate the Relationship between Strategic Flexibility and Companies’ Performance? Evidence from Small and Medium Pharmaceutical Companies in Iran

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13169157 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (16) ◽

pp. 9157

Author(s):

Allam Yousuf ◽

Vahid Zeynvand Lorestani ◽

Judit Oláh ◽

János Felföldi

Keyword(s):

Demand Uncertainty ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Business Environment ◽

Primary Data ◽

Strategic Flexibility ◽

Pharmaceutical Companies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

The business environment has become complicated—full of risk and uncertainty over and above companies’ control— therefore companies must find mechanisms to enhance their performance in the light of this instability. The Iranian market is one of the best examples of unstable markets because of its political and economic circumstances; despite this, the pharmaceutical industry in Iran is considered one of the best industries, which is still working efficiently. The aim of the study is to investigate the impact of strategic flexibility on the performance of Iranian SME pharmaceutical companies, by considering the effect of environmental uncertainty as a moderator. The study is a cross-sectional one. Primary data was collected from 113 companies by using an adopted questionnaire. The questionnaires were forwarded to managers at these companies, a purposive (selective) sampling technique was used to collect the data, and the total number of responses that were valid for statistical analysis was 228. The response rate was 67.25%. The results showed that strategic flexibility positively affects companies’ performance. Supply and demand uncertainty moderate the relationship between strategic flexibility and companies’ performance.

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The impact of regulations on labor markets in the U.S.

Corporate Law and Governance Review ◽

10.22495/clgrv1i1p4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 36-40

Author(s):

Souad Adnane

Keyword(s):

Supply And Demand ◽

Demand Model ◽

Lead Teachers ◽

Associate's Degree ◽

Childcare Workers ◽

Educational Requirements ◽

The Cost ◽

Women's Labor Force Participation ◽

The Impact ◽

The U.S

The District of Columbia (DC) Office of the Superintendent of Education (OSSE) issued in December 2016 new educational requirements for childcare workers, according to which, all childcare center directors in the District must earn a bachelor’s degree by December 2022 and all lead teachers an associate’s degree by December 2020 (Institute for Justice, 2018). Moreover, DC has one of the lowest staff-child ratios in the country. How are regulations pertaining to childcare workers’ qualifications and staff-child ratio affecting the childcare market in DC? The present paper is an attempt to answer this question first by analyzing the effects of more stringent regulations on the cost and availability of childcare in the U.S based on existing studies. It also uses the basic supply and demand model to examine the possible impact of the new DC policy on the cost, quality and supply of childcare in the District and how it will affect working parents, especially mothers. Next, the paper discusses the impact of deregulation based on simulations and regressions conducted by studies covering the U.S., and implications for quality. It concludes that more stringent childcare regulations, regarding educational requirements and staff-child ratios, are associated with a reduced number of childcare centers and a higher cost, and eventually affects women’s labor force participation.

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Is there an imbalance in the supply and demand for universal accessibility knowledge? Twenty years of UAIS papers viewed through the lens of WCAG

Universal Access in the Information Society ◽

10.1007/s10209-021-00834-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Frode Eika Sandnes

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

North America ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

Research Focus ◽

Universal Accessibility ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Research Profile ◽

The Impact ◽

Over Time

AbstractPurpose: Some universal accessibility practitioners have voiced that they experience a mismatch in the research focus and the need for knowledge within specialized problem domains. This study thus set out to identify the balance of research into the main areas of accessibility, the impact of this research, and how the research profile varies over time and across geographical regions. Method: All UAIS papers indexed in Scopus were analysed using bibliometric methods. The WCAG taxonomy of accessibility was used for the analysis, namely perceivable, operable, and understandable. Results: The results confirm the expectation that research into visual impairment has received more attention than papers addressing operable and understandable. Although papers focussing on understandable made up the smallest group, papers in this group attracted more citations. Funded research attracted fewer citations than research without funding. The breakdown of research efforts appears consistent over time and across different geographical regions. Researchers in Europe and North America have been active throughout the last two decades, while Southeast Asia, Latin America, and Middle East became active in during the last five years. There is also seemingly a growing trend of out-of-scope papers. Conclusions: Based on the findings, several recommendations are proposed to the UAIS editorial board.

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Overcapacity Risk of China’s Coal Power Industry: A Comprehensive Assessment and Driving Factors

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13031426 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 1426

Author(s):

Delu Wang ◽

Xun Xue ◽

Yadong Wang

Keyword(s):

Evaluation Model ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

Correlation Effect ◽

Power Industry ◽

Environmental Benefits ◽

Risk Level ◽

Correlation Based Feature Selection ◽

Coal Power ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

The comprehensive and accurate monitoring of coal power overcapacity is the key link and an important foundation for the prevention and control of overcapacity. The previous research fails to fully consider the impact of the industry correlation effect; making it difficult to reflect the state of overcapacity accurately. In this paper; we comprehensively consider the fundamentals; supply; demand; economic and environmental performance of the coal power industry and its upstream; downstream; competitive; and complementary industries to construct an index system for assessing coal power overcapacity risk. Besides; a new evaluation model based on a correlation-based feature selection-association rules-data envelopment analysis (CFS-ARs-DEA) integrated algorithm is proposed by using a data-driven model. The results show that from 2008 to 2017; the risk of coal power overcapacity in China presented a cyclical feature of “decline-rise-decline”, and the risk level has remained high in recent years. In addition to the impact of supply and demand; the environmental benefits and fundamentals of related industries also have a significant impact on coal power overcapacity. Therefore; it is necessary to monitor and govern coal power overcapacity from the overall perspective of the industrial network, and coordinate the advancement of environmental protection and overcapacity control.

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Access to MRI for patients with cardiac pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators

Open Heart ◽

10.1136/openhrt-2021-001598 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. e001598

Author(s):

Christopher Pieri ◽

Anish Bhuva ◽

Russell Moralee ◽

Aderonke Abiodun ◽

Deepa Gopalan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Supply And Demand ◽

Complication Rates ◽

Cardiac Pacemakers ◽

Survey Tool ◽

Mr Conditional ◽

Mri Scans ◽

Implantation Rates ◽

The Impact

ObjectiveTo determine provision of MRI for patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs; pacemakers and defibrillators) in England, to understand regional variation and assess the impact of guideline changes.MethodsRetrospective data related to MRI scans performed in patients with CIED over the preceding 12 months was collected using a structured survey tool distributed to every National Health Service Trust MRI unit in England. Data were compared with similar data from 2014/2015 and with demand (estimated from local CIED implantation rates and regional population data by sustainability and transformation partnerships (STPs)).ResultsResponses were received from 212 of 223 (95%) hospitals in England. 112 (53%) MRI units’ scan patients with MR-conditional CIEDs (10% also scan non-MR conditional devices), compared with 46% of sites in 2014/2015. Total annual scan volume increased over fourfold between 2014 and 2019 (1090 to 4896 scans). There was widespread geographical variation, with five STPs (total population >3·5 million representing approximately 25 000 patients with CIED) with no local provision. There was no correlation between local demand (CIED implantation rates) and MRI provision (scan volume). Complication rates were extremely low with three events nationally in 12 months (0·06% CIED–MRI scans).ConclusionsProvision of MRI for patients with CIEDs in England increased over fourfold in 4 years, but an estimated 10-fold care gap remains. Almost half of hospitals and 1 in 10 STPs have no service, with no relationship between local supply and demand. Availability of MRI for patients with non-MR conditional devices, although demonstrably safe, remains limited.

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The Dynamic Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Log Prices in China: An Analysis Based on the TVP-VAR Model

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12040449 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 449

Author(s):

Chenlu Tao ◽

Gang Diao ◽

Baodong Cheng

Keyword(s):

Exchange Rate ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

Oil Prices ◽

Control Measures ◽

Var Model ◽

Time Varying ◽

Wood Industry ◽

The Impact

China’s wood industry is vulnerable to the COVID-19 pandemic since wood raw materials and sales of products are dependent on the international market. This study seeks to explore the speed of log price recovery under different control measures, and to perhaps find a better way to respond to the pandemic. With the daily data, we utilized the time-varying parameter autoregressive (TVP-VAR) model, which can incorporate structural changes in emergencies into the model through time-varying parameters, to estimate the dynamic impact of the pandemic on log prices at different time points. We found that the impact of the pandemic on oil prices and Renminbi exchange rate is synchronized with the severity of the pandemic, and the ascending in the exchange rate would lead to an increase in log prices, while oil prices would not. Moreover, the impulse response in June converged faster than in February 2020. Thus, partial quarantine is effective. However, the pandemic’s impact on log prices is not consistent with changes of the pandemic. After the pandemic eased in June 2020, the impact of the pandemic on log prices remained increasing. This means that the COVID-19 pandemic has long-term influences on the wood industry, and the work resumption was not smooth, thus the imbalance between supply and demand should be resolved as soon as possible. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the development of the domestic wood market and realize a “dual circulation” strategy as the pandemic becomes a “new normal”.

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Coordination in multi-echelon supply chain under supply and demand uncertainty

International Journal of Production Economics ◽

10.1016/j.ijpe.2011.04.021 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 139 (1) ◽

pp. 106-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 96

Author(s):

Yong He ◽

Xuan Zhao

Keyword(s):

Supply Chain ◽

Demand Uncertainty ◽

Supply And Demand

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Islamist Women as Candidates in Elections: A Comparison of the Party of Justice and Development in Morocco and the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt

Die Welt des Islams ◽

10.1163/15700607-05734p04 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 57 (3-4) ◽

pp. 329-359 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katarína Škrabáková

Keyword(s):

Supply And Demand ◽

Muslim Brotherhood ◽

Candidate Selection ◽

Demand Model ◽

Mena Region ◽

External Interference ◽

Female Candidates ◽

The Muslim Brotherhood ◽

Supply And Demand Model ◽

The Impact

This paper examines the legislative recruitment of women from conservative Islamist parties. It questions the common assumption that generally all Islamist parties are equally hostile to political participation and representation of women. For this purpose, two of the electorally most successful Islamist groups in the MENA region are compared, namely the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood (MB) and its Moroccan offshoot, the Party of Justice and Development (PJD). The article seeks an explanation for diverging trends in female candidacy between these conservative religious movements, using the traditional supply and demand model of candidate selection. It argues that the less centralized and the more institutionalized parties (as is the case with the PJD) seem to be better equipped to facilitate women’s candidacy than the more oligarchic ones (the MB). In order to fully grasp the reasons behind the diverging trends in the nomination of female candidates from both Islamist parties, cultural factors are scrutinized as well. The article highlights the limits of the supply and demand model of candidate selection, which cannot explain instances of unexpected change in recruitment strategies based on external interference. Furthermore, it does not provide us the means to assess the impact of individual candidates’ ‘feminist credentials’ on overall female representation. 

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