Nutrients in the battle against age-related eye diseases

Objective: To compare the vision-targeted health related quality of life (HRQOL) between neuro-ophthalmological patients and other eye diseases by the National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire. Methods: Cross sectional study with a control group and patients with the following pathologies: primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), intracranial hypertension (IH), optic neuritis (ON), ptosis and cataract. Results: All comparisons of the subscales scores among the control group and the patient groups were statistically significant (p<0.05) except for “ocular pain” (p=0.160), “social functioning” (p=0.052) and “peripheral vision” (p=0.112). The control group had the best scores across all dimensions of the NEI VFQ-25. Interestingly, the ARMD and cataract groups presented the best and worst total scores of NEI VFQ-25, respectively. The lowest subscales scores were found in the cataract, in the NAION/ON, and in the POAG groups. Finally, the comparison between the NAION/ON/IH patients and the other eye diseases did not show statistical significance in any subscale. Conclusion: The NEI VFQ-25 showed the impact of various eye conditions in vision-targeted HRQOL, and no difference was measured between neuro-ophthalmological patients and other eye diseases

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Measures of Body Shape and Adiposity as Related to Incidence of Age-Related Eye Diseases: Observations From the Beaver Dam Eye Study

Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science ◽

10.1167/iovs.13-13763 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 2592 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Kerri P. Howard ◽

Barbara E. K. Klein ◽

Kristine E. Lee ◽

Ronald Klein

Keyword(s):

Body Shape ◽

Eye Diseases ◽

Age Related ◽

Beaver Dam

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Posterior segment eye diseases in Ijebu, Southwestern Nigeria

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20185220 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Tayo Julius Bogunjoko ◽

Adekunle O. Hassan ◽

Adunola Ogunro ◽

Toyin Akanbi ◽

Bidemi Abudu

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Posterior Segment ◽

Eye Diseases ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Systematic Sampling ◽

Slit Lamp ◽

Central Visual Field ◽

Southwestern Nigeria ◽

Ogun State ◽

Age Related

Background: To review cases of posterior segment eye diseases (PSEDs) seen at the Eye Foundation Centre Ijebu, Nigeria in a 5 year period for planning purposes.Methods: Data was collected from patients’ case notes from January 2006 to December 2011. A systematic sampling of 468 patients from 1173 case notes of patient with (PSEDs) was done. Information retrieved was: age, sex, state of residence and diagnosis. All patients were examined by the glaucoma and the vitroretinal specialist as the case may be. They had visual acuity, refraction, slit lamp examination (including intraocular pressure (IOP) with Goldman applanation tonometer), and dilated fundoscopy with (bilateral indirect ophthalmoscopy) BIO, slit lamp using 20 D, 78 D and 90 D respectively. The glaucoma patients in addition had central visual field (CVF), Central cornea thickness (CCT), fundus photograph and in some cases optical coherence tomography (OCT) done in addition to the above.Results: The mean age was 59.98 years (SD 17.67) and the age range is 5-95 years. Males outnumbered females by 63% to 37%. The diseases were more common in age group 61 to 80. Patients’ attendances were mostly from Ijebu division of Ogun state (57%). Glaucoma is the commonest cause of attendance 262 (56%) followed by diabetic retinopathy 29 (6.2%) and age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) 28 (6.0%).Conclusions: Glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and ARMD were noted as the commonest PSEDs in Ijebu division in Southwestern Nigeria.

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Inhibition of APE1/Ref-1 for Neovascular Eye Diseases: From Biology to Therapy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms221910279 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (19) ◽

pp. 10279

Author(s):

Gabriella D. Hartman ◽

Nathan A. Lambert-Cheatham ◽

Mark R. Kelley ◽

Timothy W. Corson

Keyword(s):

Vision Loss ◽

Eye Diseases ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Neuroprotective Effects ◽

Multifunctional Protein ◽

Age Related ◽

Transcription Factor Activation ◽

Molecule Inhibitor ◽

Orally Bioavailable ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and other eye diseases are characterized by retinal and/or choroidal neovascularization, ultimately causing vision loss in millions of people worldwide. nvAMD and PDR are associated with aging and the number of those affected is expected to increase as the global median age and life expectancy continue to rise. With this increase in prevalence, the development of novel, orally bioavailable therapies for neovascular eye diseases that target multiple pathways is critical, since current anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatments, delivered by intravitreal injection, are accompanied with tachyphylaxis, a high treatment burden and risk of complications. One potential target is apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/reduction-oxidation factor 1 (APE1/Ref-1). The multifunctional protein APE1/Ref-1 may be targeted via inhibitors of its redox-regulating transcription factor activation activity to modulate angiogenesis, inflammation, oxidative stress response and cell cycle in neovascular eye disease; these inhibitors also have neuroprotective effects in other tissues. An APE1/Ref-1 small molecule inhibitor is already in clinical trials for cancer, PDR and diabetic macular edema. Efforts to develop further inhibitors are underway. APE1/Ref-1 is a novel candidate for therapeutically targeting neovascular eye diseases and alleviating the burden associated with anti-VEGF intravitreal injections.

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Therapeutic effect of Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway-related drugs on age-related eye diseases through anti-oxidative stress

International Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.18240/ijo.2021.08.19 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. 1260-1273

Author(s):

Zi-Yan Cai ◽

◽

Ke Liu ◽

Xuan-Chu Duan ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Vision Loss ◽

Eye Diseases ◽

The Body ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Related Factor ◽

Classical Pathway ◽

Age Related ◽

Important Relationship

Age-related eye diseases, including cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy (DR), and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), are the leading causes of vision loss in the world. Several studies have shown that the occurrence and development of these diseases have an important relationship with oxidative stress in the eye. The Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway is a classical pathway that resists oxidative stress and inflammation in the body. This pathway is also active in the development of age-related eye diseases. A variety of drugs have been shown to treat age-related eye diseases through the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE (Kelch-like ECH-Associating protein 1- nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2-antioxidant response element) pathway. This review describes the role of oxidative stress in the development of age-related eye diseases, the function and regulation of the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway, and the therapeutic effects of drugs associated with this pathway on age-related eye diseases.

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The Prevalence of Age-Related Eye Diseases and Cataract Surgery among Older Adults in the City of Lodz, Poland

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2015/605814 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Michal Szymon Nowak ◽

Janusz Smigielski

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cataract Surgery ◽

Eye Diseases ◽

Retinal Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Age Related ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Caucasian Origin ◽

The City

Purpose.To determine the prevalence of age-related eye diseases and cataract surgery among older adults in the city of Lodz, in central Poland.Material and Methods.The study design was cross-sectional and observational study. A total of 1107 women and men of predominantly Caucasian origin were successfully enumerated and recruited for the study. All selected subjects were interviewed and underwent detailed ophthalmic examinations.Results.Overall 8.04% (95% CI 6.44–9.64) subjects had cataract surgery in either eye. After excluding subjects with bilateral cataract surgery, the prevalence of cataract was 12.10% (95% CI 10.18–14.03). AMD was found in 4.33% (95% CI 3.14–5.54 ) of all subjects. Of them 3.25% (95% CI 2.21–4.30 ) had early AMD and 1.08% (95% CI 0.47–1.69) had late AMD. Various types of glaucoma were diagnosed in 5.51% (95% CI 4.17–6.85) of subjects and 2.62% (95% CI 1.68–3.56) had OHT. The prevalence rates of DR and myopic macular degeneration were 1.72% (95% CI 0.95–2.48) and 0.45% (95% CI 0.06–0.85), respectively. All multiple logistic regression models were only significantly associated with older age. The highest rate of visual impairment was observed among subjects with retinal diseases.Conclusions.The study revealed high prevalence of age-related eye diseases in this older population.

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Intraocular exosomes in eye diseases

Current Molecular Medicine ◽

10.2174/1566524021666210901122948 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Hui Zhang ◽

Xiaomin Zhang ◽

Xiaorong Li

Keyword(s):

Messenger Rna ◽

Biological Fluids ◽

Eye Diseases ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Pathological State ◽

Barrier Dysfunction ◽

Blood Retinal Barrier ◽

Ecm Remodeling ◽

Age Related ◽

Eye Tissues

: Exosomes, nanosized extracellular vesicles with a size of 30–150nm, contain many biological materials, such as messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA), proteins, and transcription factors. It has been identified in all biological fluids and recognized as an important part of intercellular communication. While the role of exosomes in cancer has been studied in-depth, our understanding of their relevance for ocular tissues has just begun to evolve. Intraocular fluids, including aqueous humor and vitreous humor, play a role in nourishing eye tissues and in expelling metabolites. In the pathological state, intraocular exosomes can mediate pathological processes such as ECM remodeling, retinal inflammation, and blood-retinal barrier dysfunction. Herein, we reviewed the latest advances of intraocular exosomes in the research of several eye diseases, including glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, myopia, and ocular tumors, and discuss how intraocular exosomes contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of multiple eye diseases.

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An enhanced OCT image captioning system to assist ophthalmologists in detecting and classifying eye diseases

Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology ◽

10.3233/xst-200697 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

pp. 975-988

Author(s):

Sivamurugan Vellakani ◽

Indumathi Pushbam

Keyword(s):

Short Term Memory ◽

Clinical Decision ◽

True Positive Rate ◽

Eye Diseases ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Superior Performance ◽

Image Captioning ◽

Generative Adversarial Network ◽

Adversarial Network ◽

Age Related

Human eye is affected by the different eye diseases including choroidal neovascularization (CNV), diabetic macular edema (DME) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This work aims to design an artificial intelligence (AI) based clinical decision support system for eye disease detection and classification to assist the ophthalmologists more effectively detecting and classifying CNV, DME and drusen by using the Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images depicting different tissues. The methodology used for designing this system involves different deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN) models and long short-term memory networks (LSTM). The best image captioning model is selected after performance analysis by comparing nine different image captioning systems for assisting ophthalmologists to detect and classify eye diseases. The quantitative data analysis results obtained for the image captioning models designed using DenseNet201 with LSTM have superior performance in terms of overall accuracy of 0.969, positive predictive value of 0.972 and true-positive rate of 0.969using OCT images enhanced by the generative adversarial network (GAN). The corresponding performance values for the Xception with LSTM image captioning models are 0.969, 0.969 and 0.938, respectively. Thus, these two models yield superior performance and have potential to assist ophthalmologists in making optimal diagnostic decision.

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