Stimuli-responsive protoporphyrin IX silica-based nanoparticles to improve photodynamic therapy in vitro

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan L. Vivero-Escoto ◽  
Daniel L. Vega
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Protoporphyrin Ix ◽  
Stimuli Responsive

Stimuli-responsive protoporphyrin IX silica-based nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy in vitro

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (28) ◽  
pp. 14400-14407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan L. Vivero-Escoto ◽  
Daniel L. Vega
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Protoporphyrin Ix ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Therapy Efficacy ◽  
Redox Responsive

Redox-responsive silica nanoparticles, which selectively release photosensitizers inside cancer cells, enhance the photodynamic therapy efficacy in vitro.

scholarly journals Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of In Vitro Anti-Human Cancer Experiments Investigating the Use of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (5-ALA) for Photodynamic Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Yo Shinoda ◽  
Daitetsu Kato ◽  
Ryosuke Ando ◽  
Hikaru Endo ◽  
Tsutomu Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Protoporphyrin Ix ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Amino Acid Derivative ◽  
Photodynamic Diagnosis

5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is an amino acid derivative and a precursor of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). The photophysical feature of PpIX is clinically used in photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). These clinical applications are potentially based on in vitro cell culture experiments. Thus, conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro 5-ALA PDT experiments is meaningful and may provide opportunities to consider future perspectives in this field. We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed to summarize the in vitro 5-ALA PDT experiments and calculated the effectiveness of 5-ALA PDT for several cancer cell types. In total, 412 articles were identified, and 77 were extracted based on our inclusion criteria. The calculated effectiveness of 5-ALA PDT was statistically analyzed, which revealed a tendency of cancer-classification-dependent sensitivity to 5-ALA PDT, and stomach cancer was significantly more sensitive to 5-ALA PDT compared with cancers of different origins. Based on our analysis, we suggest a standardized in vitro experimental protocol for 5-ALA PDT.

scholarly journals An in vitro study of the effect of 5-ALA-mediated photodynamic therapy on oral squamous cell carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Ma ◽  
Shujuan Qu ◽  
Liangpeng Xu ◽  
Hongbo Lu ◽  
Baoguo Li
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Protoporphyrin Ix ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blank Control Group

Abstract Background The primary aim of this study was to observe the effect of 5-ALA-mediated photodynamic therapy on oral squamous cell carcinoma in vitro. Methods SCC25 cells were divided into the observation group and the blank control group. Different concentrations of 5-ALA and SCC25 cells were co-incubated for different times, and the concentration of protoporphyrin IX was detected by flow cytometry. SCC25 cells were divided into the 5-ALA group (100 mg/L), the laser irradiation group alone, the 5-ALA plus laser irradiation group, and the blank control group (0 mg/L 5-ALA), and the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) solution method was used (each group was incubated for 4, 8 and 12 h in turn). The cell survival rate was calculated. Using annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide method, the apoptosis of SCC25 cells was detected by flow cytometry. Results The level of protoporphyrin IX in SCC25 cells increased with increased concentrations of 5-ALA and length of incubation. However, after 12 h, protoporphyrin IX level in SCC25 cells was gradually stabilized, and similar effect was obtained with 100 mg/L or more 5-ALA, indicating that the level of protoporphyrin IX in SCC25 cells was determined by 5-ALA concentration and incubation time. 5-ALA plus laser irradiation exerted an inhibitory effect on the growth of SCC25 cells, which was highly associated with drug dose and incubation time. Compared with the control group, laser irradiation alone or 5-ALA alone had no effect on the apoptosis of SCC25 cells. Different concentrations of 5-ALA combined with laser irradiation showed a remarkable effect of apoptosis, and a higher apoptosis rate was seen with higher drug concentrations. Conclusion 5-ALA-mediated photodynamic therapy affects the growth of SCC25 cells in vitro, which may provide a new idea for the clinical treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

scholarly journals Hydrophobicity-Tuned Periodic Mesoporous Organo-Silica Nanoparticles for Photodynamic Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2586
Author(s):  
Chia-Hui Lin ◽  
Ranjith Kumar Kankala ◽  
Prabhakar Busa ◽  
Chia-Hung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Protoporphyrin Ix ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Cell Membrane Damage

Since their invention, periodic mesoporous organosilicas (PMOs), an innovative class of materials based on organic as well as inorganic hybrid nanocomposites, have gathered enormous interest owing to their advantageous physicochemical attributes over the pristine mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). To further increase the interactions with the therapeutic guest species and subsequent compatibility as well as the physicochemical properties of PMOs, we demonstrate the post-hydroxylation of benzene-bridged PMO-based nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Initially, the hydrophobic benzene group in the PMO framework is modified through electrophilic substitution-assisted hydroxylation mediated by Fenton as well as Fenton-like reactions utilizing divalent and trivalent metal salts, respectively. These post-grafted PMOs with tuned hydrophobicity resulted in improved biocompatibility as well as drug loading efficiency through governing the interactions in host–guest chemistry by changing the physicochemical properties of the PMO frameworks. Furthermore, the photosensitizer, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) molecules, encapsulated in the PMO frameworks showed a significant PDT effect in colon carcinoma (HT-29 cell line) and Gram-negative bacterial strain, Escherichia coli (E. coli). Furthermore, the light-induced cytotoxic properties in vitro are confirmed by various tests, including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay for cell membrane damage and caspase assay for apoptosis determination. Indeed, the delivered PpIX molecules from PMOs generated deadly singlet oxygen species intracellularly under visible light irradiation, resulting in cell death through concomitantly triggered apoptotic caspases. Together, our findings demonstrate that this post-modified PMO design is highly advantageous and can be used as an effective PDT platform.

scholarly journals Evaluation of cell damage and modulation of cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 in macrophages exposed to PpIX-mediated photodynamic therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-505
Author(s):  
R. D. R. Tiveron ◽  
D. A. Costa ◽  
M. D. I. Leite ◽  
C. B. S. Vaz ◽  
M. Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Protoporphyrin Ix ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Dna Degradation ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Little is known regarding whether photodynamic therapy (PDT)-induced cell death can substantially compromise macrophages (MΦ), which are important cells in PDT-induced immune responses. Here, parameters of PDT-mediated MΦ cytotoxicity and cytokine production in response to protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) were evaluated. Peritoneal MΦ from BALB/c mice were stimulated in vitro with PDT, light, PpIX, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After that, cell viability, lipid peroxidation, Nitric Oxide (NO), DNA damage, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 were evaluated. Short PDT exposure reduced cell viability by 10–30%. There was a two-fold increase in NO and DNA degradation, despite the non-increase in lipoperoxidation. PDT increased TNF-α and IL-10, particularly in the presence of LPS, and decreased the production of IL-6 to 10-fold. PDT causes cellular stress, induces NO radicals and leads to DNA degradation, generating a cytotoxic microenvironment. Furthermore, PDT modulates pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in MΦ.

scholarly journals Liposomal Lapatinib in Combination with Low-Dose Photodynamic Therapy for the Treatment of Glioma

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Fisher ◽  
Girgis Obaid ◽  
Carolyn Niu ◽  
Warren Foltz ◽  
Alyssa Goldstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Malignant Gliomas ◽  
Protoporphyrin Ix ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Background: Malignant gliomas are highly invasive and extremely difficult to treat tumours with poor prognosis and outcomes. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), mediated by Gleolan®, has been studied previously with partial success in treating these tumours and extending lifetime. We aim to determine whether combining PDT using ALA-protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) with a liposomal formulation of the clinical epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, lapatinib, would increase the anti-tumour PDT efficacy. Methods: Lapatinib was given in vitro and in vivo 24 h prior to PDT and for 3–5 days following PDT to elicit whether the combination provided any benefits to PDT therapy. Live-cell imaging, in vitro PDT, and in vivo studies were performed to elucidate the effect lapatinib had on PDT for a variety of glioma cell lines and as well as GSC-30 neurospheres in vivo. Results: PDT combined with lapatinib led to a significant increase in PpIX accumulation, and reductions in the LD50 of PpIX mediated PDT in two EGFR-driven cell lines, U87 and U87vIII, tested (p < 0.05). PDT + lapatinib elicited stronger MRI-quantified glioma responses following PDT for two human glioma-derived tumours (U87 and GSC-30) in vivo (p < 0.05). Furthermore, PDT leads to enhanced survival in rats following treatment with lapatinib compared to lapatinib alone and PDT alone (p < 0.05). Conclusions: As lapatinib is approved for other oncological indications, a realization of its potential combination with PDT and in fluorescence-guided resection could be readily tested clinically. Furthermore, as its use would only be in acute settings, long-term resistance should not pose an issue as compared to its use as monotherapy.

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