scholarly journals COVID-19 pneumonia: relationship between initial chest X-rays and laboratory findings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Á. Nava-Muñoz ◽  
S. Gómez-Peña ◽  
M.E. Fuentes-Ferrer ◽  
B. Cabeza ◽  
A. Victoria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
X Rays ◽  
Laboratory Findings

scholarly journals Comparative Study between Plain Radiography and Ultrasound Abdomen in Non Traumatic Surgical Acute Abdominal Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakash Sharma ◽  
Sidharth ◽  
BP Singh ◽  
D Singh ◽  
A Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Plain Film ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ray Series

Introduction: Acute abdomen might indicate a progressive intra-abdominal condition that is threatening to life or capable of causing severe morbidity. A good history, thorough clinical examination, laboratory investigations and imaging studies is necessary in order to arrive at a correct diagnosis. The aim of our study was to compare the diagnostic yield of traditional three-view abdominal x-ray series (upright chest x-ray, supine and upright abdominal x-rays) with that of ultrasound in patients presenting with non traumatic acute abdominal surgical pain. Methods: This prospective study was conducted between February and July 2010 on 65 consecutive patients. Critically ill patients, pregnant ladies, patient with trauma abdomen, acute abdomen due to gynaecological pathologies were excluded from our study. Detail abdominal ultrasound was done. After ultrasound traditional three-views acute abdominal x-ray series (AAS) were taken. Final diagnosis was made on the basis of operative findings/therapeutic response/ histopathological/ laboratory findings. Finally, accuracy of clinical diagnosis, plain film and ultrasound in evaluation of acute abdomen was determined. Results: Ultrasound yielded an overall sensitivity and specificity of 78.7% and 84.6.6% respectively. The AAS interpretations yielded an overall sensitivity and specificity of 23.4% and 38.40% respectively. Conclusion: Plain x ray is less sensitive in the evaluation of nontraumatic acute abdomen so it should be used together with ultrasound abdomen in order to arrive at a correct diagnosis. Nepalese Journal of Radiology; Vol. 2; Issue 2; July-Dec. 2012; 20-27 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njr.v2i2.7681

Reliability of the Hirschsprung-Associated Enterocolitis Score in Clinical Practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Vilanova Sanchez ◽  
Paloma Triana Junco ◽  
S. Barrena ◽  
María De Ceano-Vivas ◽  
Javier Jimenez Gomez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Distended Abdomen ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation ◽  
Physical Findings

Introduction There is a lack of an agreed Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) definition. In 2009, a HAEC score was proposed for the diagnosis of HAEC episodes. Our aim was to apply the HAEC score on HAEC episodes to determine its diagnostic efficiency and whether it correlated to its severity. Methods Retrospective study of patients with HAEC admitted between 2000 and 2016. Episodes of HAEC were identified and the HAEC score was calculated. A cut-off of ≥ 10 according to Pastor et al and ≥ 4 according to Frykman et al were used. A Pearson's correlation coefficient was performed for outcome variable: length-of-stay (LOS). Results Note that 21/93 (22.6%) patients with Hirschsprung's disease presented 50 HAEC episodes with a median of 2 (1–5) episodes during an 8.3-year (2–15.6) follow-up. The most common symptoms were foul-smelling (86% [43/50]) and explosive (60% [30/50]) diarrhea. Physical findings showed a distended abdomen (76% [38/50]) and fever (60% [30/50]) with dilated bowel (82% [41/50]) and rectosigmoid cut-off (80% [40/50]) identified on X-rays. Only 34% (17/50) showed abnormal laboratory findings. Patients were admitted with a median LOS of 7 days (1–28). A HAEC score of 9 (2–16) was found, and only 50% (25/50) of patients met the initial criteria (score of 10 points). However, the use of a 4-point cut-off would have allowed the diagnosis of 98% (49/50) of the patients. A positive linear correlation was found for LOS and HAEC score (r = 0.3, p = 0.014). Conclusion There is no standardized definition for HAEC. The initial HAEC score cut-off is restrictive and might fail to identify milder episodes. The positive correlation with LOS and thus HAEC severity might aid in patient information and anticipation of treatment.

scholarly journals The profile of acute glomerulonephritis among Indonesian children

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 264
Author(s):  
Husein Albar ◽  
Syarifuddin Rauf
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Acute Glomerulonephritis ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Current Profile ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance

Background Acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) is a form of glom-erulonephritis characterized by sudden and explosive onset of glom-erular injury symptom. It usually occurs after recent infection bygroup A beta-hemolytic streptococcus. AGN among Indonesianchildren seems to be less frequently reported than that among othercountries.Objective To determine the current profile of AGN among Indo-nesian children hospitalized in eleven teaching centers.Methods This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study, based ona review of the standard medical records of 509 children with AGNhospitalized in 11 teaching centers in Indonesia over a five-yearperiod (1997-2002). Data extracted from the medical records con-sisted of history of illness, clinical and laboratory findings, and chestX-rays.Results Age of the patients at the onset of AGN ranged from 2.5 to15 years, with peak age of 8.5 years. The majority (76.4%) wasabove 6 years old with male predominance (58.3%). About 68.9%and 82% of the patients came from low socioeconomic and low edu-cational status families. Antecedent upper respiratory infections wereobserved in 45.8% cases and pyoderma in 31.6%. The diseaseseemed to be more commonly elicited by streptococcal infectionthan by other infections, as proved by an elevated anti-streptolisinO (ASO) titer (66.6%) and decreased C 3 concentrations (60.4%).The frequent clinical features included periorbital edema (76.3%),hypertension (61.8%), and gross hematuria (53.6%). The most preva-lent laboratory findings were microhematuria (99.3%), proteinuria(98.5%), raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate (85.3%). The initialchest X-rays showed pleural effusion (81.6%) and cardiomegaly(80.2%), whereas echocardiogram documented pericardial effusion(81.6%). Acute pulmonary edema (11.5%), hypertensive encepha-lopathy (9.2%), and acute renal failure (10.5%) were frequent com-plications noted in our study.Conclusion Despite no adequate data on throat or skin cul-tures, AGN among Indonesian children seems mostly to bepoststreptococcal AGN as proved by the elevated ASO titerand decrease in serum C 3 concentration

scholarly journals A difficult case of Hodgkin Lymphoma with differential diagnosis of tuberculosis and sarcoidosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilüfer Göknar ◽  
Erkan Çakır ◽  
Fatma Betül Çakır ◽  
Ozgur Kasapcopur ◽  
Gulcin Yegen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Difficult Case ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Positron Emission

We report here the case of a 14-year-old boy with history of fever, weight loss, and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. The clinical symptoms and laboratory findings mimicking tuberculosis and sarcoidosis complicated the diagnostic process. He was diagnosed with Hodgkin’s lymphoma after several X-rays, computed tomography, positron emission tomography-computed tomography, laboratory tests and three lymph node biopsy. Clinicians should be alerted on new lesions and symptoms in high risk patients and should repeat diagnostic tests and lymph node biopsies as indicated.

scholarly journals A novel mutation in TNFRSF11A gene causes pediatric osteopetrosis: case report

BMC Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
You Xu ◽  
Xiaoyan Yu ◽  
Mengjie Huang
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Novel Mutation ◽  
Osteoclast Formation ◽  
Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Osteopetrosis is a rare inherited bone disorder affected individual by osteoclast disfunction and increasing bone density. Surgery was taken for histological examination of the specimen and evidence of malignancy was not found. Finally, X-ray and gene detection lead to the diagnosis. Case presentation We report a 10-year-old girl with two years history of pus rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction and smelly nose. She was diagnosed and treated as sinusitis. But the symptoms were recurrent. Ten months ago, she was afflicted with persistent swelling and broken skin on the right cheek. All the laboratory findings showed normal. During surgery, we resected the right gingiva, the right nasal mucosa and the right facial tissue for biopsies. Histological examination showed proliferation of granulation tissue in chronic inflammatory mucosa. X-rays showed generalized sclerosis. Genetic analysis strongly supported a novel mutation of TNFRSF11A gene which caused osteoporosis. We found a novel mutation of the c.1196C > G (p.S399X) in exon 9 of TNFRSF11A. The TNFRSF11A gene encodes RANK, which is fundamental for osteoclast formation. Conclusion Osteopetrosis is a rare genetic bone disease characterized by increased bone density because of bone resorption failure. Diagnosis is based on X-ray and gene analyze. Osteoclasts are bone-related cells derived from hematopoietic cell lines. Since osteoclasts arise from a hematopoietic progenitor cell of the monocytic lineage, the defect can be corrected by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Better understanding of this pathological situation and pathogenesis is so important to plan appropriate immunotherapy to benefit.

scholarly journals Case Report: Role of Rotational Atherectomy in Complex PCI

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Seprian Widasmara ◽  
Mohammad Saifur Rohman ◽  
Heny Martini ◽  
Indra Prasetya
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Coronary Calcification ◽  
Interventional Cardiology ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Rotational Atherectomy ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
History Of

Background : One in three patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) exhibits moderate or severe coronary artery calcification. Coronary calcification remains a major independent predictor of PCI failure and adverse outcomes. PCI of calcified coronary lesions remains challenging, despite significant improvements in the available tools and techniques. Rotational Atherectomy (RA) is a critical component to improve PCI success in these situations by producing lumen enlargement by physical removal of plaque and reduction in plaque rigidity, thus facilitating dilation Case Illustration: A 73-year-old man with exertional angina was referred to our hospital, with a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ex-smoker and dyslipidemia. Physical exam, electrocardiogram, chest x-rays, and laboratory findings were unremarkable, but transthoracic echocardiogram revealed anterior wall hypokinesis. History of cardiac catheterization outside of our center with angiographic result of left anterior descending (LAD) lesion, highly calcified, non-dilatable on first several POBA attempts. Coronary angiography at our center, revealed diffuse calcification from proximal to distal of the LAD artery with about 90% maximum stenosis in mid LAD. RA (Rotablator, Boston) was then performed with A 1.50 mm burr gradually advanced at 150,000 rpm to passed the lesion. After deployments of stents, final angiogram showed well positioned stents with good distal run-off flow. The patient was uneventful during the procedure and was discharged following day. Discussion: In experienced hands, RA is as safe as standard PCI. RA is as a tool to make PCI possible in complex lesions with moderate or severe calcification when clinical variables make PCI appropriate. Rotablator is a catheter-based interventional cardiology procedure using a high-speed rotational device designed to ablate atherosclerotic plaque and restore luminal patency. This help to facilitate stent delivery, avoiding the barotrauma caused by repeated high-pressure balloon inflations that can lead to vessel dissection or perforation. Atherectomy can be performed safely with optimal burr selection and proper ablation techniques, and as a result, complication rates have been significantly minimized, with few changes in the acute complications reported in contemporary studies.

scholarly journals Pulmonary TB in Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-308
Author(s):  
Nurmala Sari Dewi ◽  
Efriza Naldi
Keyword(s):  
High Protein Diet ◽  
Pregnant Patient ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Treatment Category ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objective : To report a case of pulmonary TB in pregnancyMethod : A case reportCase : Presented a case of cpulmonar TB in pregnancy on 33-year-old patient. This is fifth pregnancy with twice history of abortion, malnutrition and pulmonary TB (in treatment). The result of chest x-rays was pulmonary TB. The patient was on treatment for anti-tuberculosis drugs for second month. Patient had BMI was 16,88 kg/m2 which is underweight category. There were bronchovesicular and ronchi from both side of lung from auscultation examination. From laboratory findings there was decrease of albumin serum levels to 2,1 gr%. From ultrasound got impression 16-17 weeks of pregnancy. Patient got anti tuberculosis drugs treatment category I incentive phase (2HRZE). During hospitalization treatment, patient was given some nutrition consultation and high calories and high protein diet and also extra 3 egg whites per day. Total calories are 2250 kcal. Patient also got 1 infuse bottle of albumin and albumin supplementation.Discussion : The incidence of TB in pregnancy was 1/10,000 pregnancies. Provision of an appropriate and adequate chemotherapy regimen will improve the quality of life of the mother, reduce the side effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs (OAT) on the fetus and prevent infection in newborns. Patient got anti tuberculosis drugs treatment category I incentive phase (2HRZE) which is no difference theraphy with no-pregnant patient. Patient was not given pyridoxine as adjuvant drugs along with the anti- tuberculosis drugs. Pyridoxine supplementation must be given with the dose of 50 mg/day and is suggested for every pregnant woman who consumes isoniazid because the deficiency often happens in pregnancy than general population.Conclusion The diagnosis of this patient was correct based on anamnesis, physical examination, and supporting test . Active TB treatment in pregnancy doesn’t have any difference with non-pregnant. The management of this patient is not correct because the patient didn’t get pyridoxine supplementation, didn’t undergo sputum test in second month, and wasn’t done culture M. Tuberculosis as a gold standard.Keywords: tuberculosis, pulmonary TB, pregnancy, anti tuberculosis drugs, pyridoxine

scholarly journals Toxic Porphyria

Blood ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1002-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARIF I. CETINGIL ◽  
MUHLIS A. ÖZEN
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Fecal Excretion ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Mercury Compounds ◽  
Bone Marrow Content ◽  
High Caloric Diet ◽  
Protein Rich

Abstract 1. Numerous cases of porphyria of the "cutanea tarda" type were observed recently in the southeastern districts of Turkey. The toxic agents appear to have been fungicides, including two mercury compounds together with hexachlorobenzol which were added to seed wheat. The disease did not appear in peasants who did not consume this seed wheat. There were no indications of buckwheat toxicity; furthermore, this seed is not cultivated in Turkey. Six of the affected patients were treated in our clinic. 2. Clinically the patients presented cachexia, bullae, hyperpigmentation and hypertrichosis, i.e., skin lesions of the cutanea tarda type of porphyria. There were no cases of splenomegaly, and no abdominal or neurologic signs. 3. The patients were found to have an organic and functional liver disease. No suprarenal cortical dysfunction was recorded. X-rays of the bones were normal. No signs of hemolysis were present. Bone marrow studies revealed slight normoblastic hyperplasia. 4. Urinary porphobilinogen was repeatedly found to be negative. Urinary and fecal uroporphyrin 1 and coproporphyin 111 were present in excess. The fecal excretion of coproporphyrin 111 was greater than that of uroporphyrin 1, whereas in the urine the relation was reversed. The bone marrow content of porphyrin was not increased. No fluorescence was recorded in the fresh unstained blood smears by fluorescence microscopy. 5. Our cases had the clinical and laboratory findings consistent with the cutanea tarda type of porphyria. 6. The advanced and severe alteration of our patients' porphyrin metabolism may not be reversible. Although the bullae disappeared during their hospital residence, the excessive porphyrin excretion was still present on their departure from the clinic. 7. For therapy, the patients were given a high caloric diet of protein rich food and treated with liver extracts, vitamin B1, B2, B12 and whole B-complex preparations. We can express no opinion as to the value of this treatment.

White-Light Coronal Structures: Streamers and CMEs

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
E. Hildner
Keyword(s):  
Emission Line ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
White Light ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Temperature Function ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Eclipse Observations ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractOver the last twenty years, orbiting coronagraphs have vastly increased the amount of observational material for the whitelight corona. Spanning almost two solar cycles, and augmented by ground-based K-coronameter, emission-line, and eclipse observations, these data allow us to assess,inter alia: the typical and atypical behavior of the corona; how the corona evolves on time scales from minutes to a decade; and (in some respects) the relation between photospheric, coronal, and interplanetary features. This talk will review recent results on these three topics. A remark or two will attempt to relate the whitelight corona between 1.5 and 6 R⊙to the corona seen at lower altitudes in soft X-rays (e.g., with Yohkoh). The whitelight emission depends only on integrated electron density independent of temperature, whereas the soft X-ray emission depends upon the integral of electron density squared times a temperature function. The properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) will be reviewed briefly and their relationships to other solar and interplanetary phenomena will be noted.

Emergence of Twisted Magnetic Flux Related Sigmoidal Brightening

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 263-264
Author(s):  
K. Sundara Raman ◽  
K. B. Ramesh ◽  
R. Selvendran ◽  
P. S. M. Aleem ◽  
K. M. Hiremath
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Energy Storage And Conversion ◽  
The Sun ◽  
X Rays ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Extended AbstractWe have examined the morphological properties of a sigmoid associated with an SXR (soft X-ray) flare. The sigmoid is cospatial with the EUV (extreme ultra violet) images and in the optical part lies along an S-shaped Hαfilament. The photoheliogram shows flux emergence within an existingδtype sunspot which has caused the rotation of the umbrae giving rise to the sigmoidal brightening.It is now widely accepted that flares derive their energy from the magnetic fields of the active regions and coronal levels are considered to be the flare sites. But still a satisfactory understanding of the flare processes has not been achieved because of the difficulties encountered to predict and estimate the probability of flare eruptions. The convection flows and vortices below the photosphere transport and concentrate magnetic field, which subsequently appear as active regions in the photosphere (Rust & Kumar 1994 and the references therein). Successive emergence of magnetic flux, twist the field, creating flare productive magnetic shear and has been studied by many authors (Sundara Ramanet al.1998 and the references therein). Hence, it is considered that the flare is powered by the energy stored in the twisted magnetic flux tubes (Kurokawa 1996 and the references therein). Rust & Kumar (1996) named the S-shaped bright coronal loops that appear in soft X-rays as ‘Sigmoids’ and concluded that this S-shaped distortion is due to the twist developed in the magnetic field lines. These transient sigmoidal features tell a great deal about unstable coronal magnetic fields, as these regions are more likely to be eruptive (Canfieldet al.1999). As the magnetic fields of the active regions are deep rooted in the Sun, the twist developed in the subphotospheric flux tube penetrates the photosphere and extends in to the corona. Thus, it is essentially favourable for the subphotospheric twist to unwind the twist and transmit it through the photosphere to the corona. Therefore, it becomes essential to make complete observational descriptions of a flare from the magnetic field changes that are taking place in different atmospheric levels of the Sun, to pin down the energy storage and conversion process that trigger the flare phenomena.

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